Cochrane Review Group

Neonatal

210 systematic reviews in Neonatal ask 2,353 questions. 18.4% have no studies to answer them, 25.9% rest on very low certainty evidence and 20.3% reach moderate or high certainty.

Reviews

210

Questions

2,353

current versions

No studies

18.4%

Moderate or high

20.3%

No studies 432 · 18.4%Ungraded 99 · 4.2%Very low 609 · 25.9%Low 737 · 31.3%Moderate 385 · 16.4%High 91 · 3.9%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Search questions in Neonatal

Thinnest evidence

All no studies and very low questions

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Summary of findings table ‐ Salbutamol vs placebo Adverse effects of bronchodilators, including hypokalaemia, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmia, tremor, hypertension and hyperglycaemia ‐ not reported · preterm infants (< 37 weeks GA) at risk of chronic lung disease Inhaled bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Summary of findings table ‐ Salbutamol vs placebo Pneumothorax · preterm infants (< 37 weeks GA) at risk of chronic lung disease Inhaled bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 173 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Pulmonary air leak, any (during first hospitalisation) Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	RR 2.56 [0.11, 59.75]	1 study · 48 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (clinical definition) among survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Intraventricular haemorrhage grade III and IV Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	RR 2.56 [0.11, 59.75]	1 study · 48 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Death (all causes) during the first hospitalisation Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	RR 0.17 [0.01, 3.37]	1 study · 48 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Neurosensory disability in survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs no surfactant administration Intraventricular haemorrhage grade III and IV Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 103 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs no surfactant administration Death (all causes) during the first hospitalisation Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 103 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs no surfactant administration Neurosensory disability in survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with the intent to rapidly extubate (InSurE) Intraventricular haemorrhage grade III and IV Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 50 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with the intent to rapidly extubate (InSurE) Neurosensory disability in survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies

Reviews 210

Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in later infancy in term‐born infants

Ojha, S, Elfzzani, Z, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2020

Neonatal

Thinnest evidence

Reviews 210

Education of family members to support weaning to solids and nutrition in later infancy in term‐born infants

Head midline position for preventing the occurrence or extension of germinal matrix‐intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants

Diaphragm‐triggered non‐invasive respiratory support in preterm infants

Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health

Early versus late parenteral nutrition for critically ill term and late preterm infants

Non‐pharmacological care for opioid withdrawal in newborns

Postnatal corticosteroids for transient tachypnoea of the newborn

Non‐invasive respiratory support for the management of transient tachypnea of the newborn

Early treatment versus expectant management of hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus for preterm infants

Early fortification of human milk versus late fortification to promote growth in preterm infants

Individualized versus standard diet fortification for growth and development in preterm infants receiving human milk

Early full enteral feeding for preterm or low birth weight infants

Inositol in preterm infants at risk for or having respiratory distress syndrome

Formula versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants

Nutrient‐enriched formula versus standard formula for preterm infants

Positive end‐expiratory pressure for preterm infants requiring conventional mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome or bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Iodine supplementation for the prevention of mortality and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants

Dilute versus full‐strength formula in exclusively formula‐fed preterm or low birth weight infants

Community‐based antibiotic delivery for possible serious bacterial infections in neonates in low‐ and middle‐income countries

Community‐based maternal and newborn educational care packages for improving neonatal health and survival in low‐ and middle‐income countries

Needle aspiration versus intercostal tube drainage for pneumothorax in the newborn

Pharmacological interventions for prevention and treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in newborn infants

C‐reactive protein for diagnosing late‐onset infection in newborn infants

Protein hydrolysate versus standard formula for preterm infants

Prebiotics for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates