Cochrane · systematic review · CD013046
Vitamin D supplementation for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health
Tan, ML, Abrams, SA, Osborn, DA · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2020 · Cochrane Library
NeonatalAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
17
current version
GRADE rated
17
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 7 · 41.2%Low 10 · 58.8%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Vitamin D given to infants compared to placebo or no treatment for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health
Population: term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Bone mineral content at the end of intervention mg/cmPhoton absorptiometry Vitamin D given to infants vs placebo or no treatment | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 56 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Vitamin D insufficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 50 nmol/L Vitamin D given to infants vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.57 [0.41, 0.8] | 4 studies · 274 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, indirectness |
Vitamin D deficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 30 nmol/L Vitamin D given to infants vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.41 [0.16, 1.05] | 2 studies · 122 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Nutritional rickets: biochemicalAlkaline phosphatase, calcium and phosphate levels. Vitamin D given to infants vs placebo or no treatment | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 34 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse effects (hypercalcaemia) Vitamin D given to infants vs placebo or no treatment | RR 1.45 [0.54, 3.86] | 1 study · 98 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Serum 25‐OH vitamin D level at latest time reported nmol/L Vitamin D given to infants vs placebo or no treatment | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 356 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Vitamin D given to lactating mothers compared to placebo or no treatment for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health
Population: term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Vitamin D insufficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 50 nmol/L Vitamin D given to lactating mothers vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.47 [0.39, 0.57] | 5 studies · 512 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency, indirectness |
Vitamin D deficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 30 nmol/L Vitamin D given to lactating mothers vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.15 [0.09, 0.24] | 5 studies · 512 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency, indirectness |
Nutritional rickets ‐ biochemical Alkaline phosphatase, calcium and phosphate levels. Vitamin D given to lactating mothers vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.06 [0.01, 0.44] | 2 studies · 229 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness |
Nutritional rickets ‐ radiological Vitamin D given to lactating mothers vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.76 [0.18, 3.31] | 3 studies · 536 participants | Very low Downgraded: indirectness |
Adverse effects (hypercalcaemia) Vitamin D given to lactating mothers vs placebo or no treatment | RR 1.31 [0.51, 3.32] | 3 studies · 557 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness |
Serum 25‐OH vitamin D level at latest time reported nmol/L Vitamin D given to lactating mothers vs placebo or no treatment | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 597 participants | Low Downgraded: inconsistency |
Vitamin D given to infants compared to vitamin D given to lactating mothers for term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health
Population: term breastfed infants to prevent vitamin D deficiency and improve bone health
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Vitamin D insufficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 50 nmol/L Vitamin D given to infants vs vitamin D given to lactating mothers | RR 0.61 [0.4, 0.94] | 4 studies · 334 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness |
Vitamin D deficiency: 25‐OH vitamin D < 30 nmol/L Vitamin D given to infants vs vitamin D given to lactating mothers | RR 0.35 [0.17, 0.72] | 4 studies · 334 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Nutritional rickets‐ biochemical Vitamin D given to infants vs vitamin D given to lactating mothers | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 92 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Adverse effect (hypercalcaemia) Vitamin D given to infants vs vitamin D given to lactating mothers | RR 1.22 [0.48, 3.09] | 1 study · 97 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Serum 25‐OH vitamin D level at latest time reported nmol/L Vitamin D given to infants vs vitamin D given to lactating mothers | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 269 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, indirectness |