Cochrane Review Group

Neonatal

210 systematic reviews in Neonatal ask 2,353 questions. 18.4% have no studies to answer them, 25.9% rest on very low certainty evidence and 20.3% reach moderate or high certainty.

Reviews

210

Questions

2,353

current versions

No studies

18.4%

Moderate or high

20.3%

No studies 432 · 18.4%Ungraded 99 · 4.2%Very low 609 · 25.9%Low 737 · 31.3%Moderate 385 · 16.4%High 91 · 3.9%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Search questions in Neonatal

Thinnest evidence

All no studies and very low questions

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Summary of findings table ‐ Salbutamol vs placebo Adverse effects of bronchodilators, including hypokalaemia, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmia, tremor, hypertension and hyperglycaemia ‐ not reported · preterm infants (< 37 weeks GA) at risk of chronic lung disease Inhaled bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Summary of findings table ‐ Salbutamol vs placebo Pneumothorax · preterm infants (< 37 weeks GA) at risk of chronic lung disease Inhaled bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 173 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Pulmonary air leak, any (during first hospitalisation) Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	RR 2.56 [0.11, 59.75]	1 study · 48 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (clinical definition) among survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Intraventricular haemorrhage grade III and IV Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	RR 2.56 [0.11, 59.75]	1 study · 48 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Death (all causes) during the first hospitalisation Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	RR 0.17 [0.01, 3.37]	1 study · 48 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Neurosensory disability in survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs no surfactant administration Intraventricular haemorrhage grade III and IV Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 103 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs no surfactant administration Death (all causes) during the first hospitalisation Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 103 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs no surfactant administration Neurosensory disability in survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with the intent to rapidly extubate (InSurE) Intraventricular haemorrhage grade III and IV Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 50 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with the intent to rapidly extubate (InSurE) Neurosensory disability in survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies

Reviews 210

Inhaled bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants

Ng, G, Bruschettini, M, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2024

Neonatal

Thinnest evidence

Reviews 210

Inhaled bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants

Early developmental intervention programmes provided post hospital discharge to prevent motor and cognitive impairment in preterm infants

Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Early versus late administration of amino acids in preterm infants receiving parenteral nutrition

Noise or sound management in the neonatal intensive care unit for preterm or very low birth weight infants

Transcutaneous bilirubinometry for detecting jaundice in term or late preterm neonates

Probiotics for the postoperative management of term neonates after gastrointestinal surgery

Non‐invasive high‐frequency ventilation in newborn infants with respiratory distress

Exposure to the smell and taste of milk to accelerate feeding in preterm infants

Non‐pharmacological interventions for the prevention of pain during endotracheal suctioning in ventilated neonates

Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for preterm neonates after extubation

Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates

Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates

Early nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for preterm infants

Probiotics to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very preterm or very low birth weight infants

Nasal high flow therapy for primary respiratory support in preterm infants

Intermittent phototherapy versus continuous phototherapy for neonatal jaundice

Nasal interfaces for neonatal resuscitation

Oral stimulation for promoting oral feeding in preterm infants

Videolaryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation in neonates

Systemic corticosteroid regimens for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants

High flow nasal cannula for respiratory support in term infants

Oral dextrose gel to prevent hypoglycaemia in at‐risk neonates

Higher versus lower sodium intake for preterm infants