Cochrane Review Group

Neonatal

210 systematic reviews in Neonatal ask 2,353 questions. 18.4% have no studies to answer them, 25.9% rest on very low certainty evidence and 20.3% reach moderate or high certainty.

Reviews

210

Questions

2,353

current versions

No studies

18.4%

Moderate or high

20.3%

No studies 432 · 18.4%Ungraded 99 · 4.2%Very low 609 · 25.9%Low 737 · 31.3%Moderate 385 · 16.4%High 91 · 3.9%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Search questions in Neonatal

Thinnest evidence

All no studies and very low questions

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Summary of findings table ‐ Salbutamol vs placebo Adverse effects of bronchodilators, including hypokalaemia, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmia, tremor, hypertension and hyperglycaemia ‐ not reported · preterm infants (< 37 weeks GA) at risk of chronic lung disease Inhaled bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Summary of findings table ‐ Salbutamol vs placebo Pneumothorax · preterm infants (< 37 weeks GA) at risk of chronic lung disease Inhaled bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 173 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Pulmonary air leak, any (during first hospitalisation) Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	RR 2.56 [0.11, 59.75]	1 study · 48 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (clinical definition) among survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Intraventricular haemorrhage grade III and IV Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	RR 2.56 [0.11, 59.75]	1 study · 48 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Death (all causes) during the first hospitalisation Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	RR 0.17 [0.01, 3.37]	1 study · 48 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with extubation at standard criteria (S‐ETT) Neurosensory disability in survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs no surfactant administration Intraventricular haemorrhage grade III and IV Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 103 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs no surfactant administration Death (all causes) during the first hospitalisation Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 103 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs no surfactant administration Neurosensory disability in survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with the intent to rapidly extubate (InSurE) Intraventricular haemorrhage grade III and IV Anytime to discharge · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 50 participants	Very low
Surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway (S‐LMA) vs surfactant administration via endotracheal tube (ETT) with the intent to rapidly extubate (InSurE) Neurosensory disability in survivors · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants… (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies

Reviews 210

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure levels for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Bamat, N, Fierro, J, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2021

Neonatal

Thinnest evidence

Reviews 210

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure levels for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Enteral zinc supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm neonates

Indomethacin for symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants

Sunlight for the prevention and treatment of hyperbilirubinemia in term and late preterm neonates

Continuous glucose monitoring for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants

Opioids for newborn infants receiving mechanical ventilation

Antibiotic regimens for late‐onset neonatal sepsis

Antibiotic regimens for early‐onset neonatal sepsis

Carbohydrate supplementation of human milk to promote growth in preterm infants

Fat supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Multi‐nutrient fortification of human milk for preterm infants

Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants

Early versus delayed continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory distress in preterm infants

Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm or low birth weight (or both) infants

Higher versus lower protein intake in formula‐fed low birth weight infants

Ibuprofen for the prevention of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm and/or low birth weight infants

Early erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents in preterm or low birth weight infants

Late erythropoiesis‐stimulating agents to prevent red blood cell transfusion in preterm or low birth weight infants

Sustained versus standard inflations during neonatal resuscitation to prevent mortality and improve respiratory outcomes

Comparison of different protein concentrations of human milk fortifier for promoting growth and neurological development in preterm infants

Enteral lactoferrin supplementation for prevention of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants

Zinc supplementation for the promotion of growth and prevention of infections in infants less than six months of age

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for prevention or treatment of pain in newborns

Use of reflective materials during phototherapy for newborn infants with unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia