Cochrane Review Group

ENT

76 systematic reviews in ENT ask 806 questions. 36.4% have no studies to answer them, 30.3% rest on very low certainty evidence and 11.5% reach moderate or high certainty.

Reviews

Questions

806

current versions

No studies

36.4%

Moderate or high

11.5%

No studies 293 · 36.4%Ungraded 6 · 0.7%Very low 244 · 30.3%Low 170 · 21.1%Moderate 85 · 10.5%High 8 · 1%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Search questions in ENT

Thinnest evidence

All no studies and very low questions

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Betahistine vs placebo/no treatment Improvement in vertigo frequency · Ménière’s disease Systemic pharmacological interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.5 [0.98, 2.29]	1 study · 70 participants	Very low
Betahistine vs placebo/no treatment Improvement in vertigo frequency · Ménière’s disease Systemic pharmacological interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.11 [0.93, 1.32]	1 study · 62 participants	Very low
Betahistine vs placebo/no treatment Vertigo global score · Ménière’s disease Systemic pharmacological interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 34 participants	Very low
Betahistine vs placebo/no treatment Change in vertigo frequency · Ménière’s disease Systemic pharmacological interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 117 participants	Very low
Betahistine vs placebo/no treatment Change in vertigo frequency · Ménière’s disease Systemic pharmacological interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 214 participants	Very low
Betahistine vs placebo/no treatment Serious adverse events · Ménière’s disease Systemic pharmacological interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.2 [0.63, 2.29]	1 study · 220 participants	Very low
Diuretic vs placebo/no treatment Improvement in vertigo frequency · Ménière’s disease Systemic pharmacological interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.69 [1.13, 2.53]	1 study · 70 participants	Very low
Diuretic vs placebo/no treatment Change in vertigo frequency · Ménière’s disease Systemic pharmacological interventions for Ménière’s disease (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 220 participants	Very low
Beta‐blockers vs placebo Improvement in vertigo · people with vestibular migraine Pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Beta‐blockers vs placebo Serious adverse events · people with vestibular migraine Pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.63 [0.24, 1.67]	1 study · 121 participants	Very low
Calcium channel blockers vs no intervention Improvement in vertigo severity · people with vestibular migraine Pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.45 [1.01, 2.07]	1 study · 48 participants	Very low
Calcium channel blockers vs no intervention Improvement in vertigo frequency · people with vestibular migraine Pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis of vestibular migraine (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.65 [0.8, 3.41]	1 study · 23 participants	Very low

Reviews 76

Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis

Chong, L-Y, Piromchai, P, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2021

ENT

Thinnest evidence

Reviews 76

Biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis

Tonsillectomy versus tonsillotomy for obstructive sleep‐disordered breathing in children

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus

Topical antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media

Topical antibiotics with steroids for chronic suppurative otitis media

Topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media

Antibiotics versus topical antiseptics for chronic suppurative otitis media

Aural toilet (ear cleaning) for chronic suppurative otitis media

Use of antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays by healthcare workers to protect them when treating patients with suspected or confirmed COVID‐19 infection

Antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays administered to patients with suspected or confirmed COVID‐19 infection to improve patient outcomes and to protect healthcare workers treating them

Antimicrobial mouthwashes (gargling) and nasal sprays to protect healthcare workers when undertaking aerosol‐generating procedures (AGPs) on patients without suspected or confirmed COVID‐19 infection

Tonsillectomy for periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis syndrome (PFAPA)

Intranasal corticosteroids for non‐allergic rhinitis

Graft interposition for preventing Frey's syndrome in patients undergoing parotidectomy

Tranexamic acid for patients with nasal haemorrhage (epistaxis)

Immunonutrition for patients undergoing surgery for head and neck cancer

Sinonasal debridement versus no debridement for the postoperative care of patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery

Grommets (ventilation tubes) for recurrent acute otitis media in children

Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following septal surgery

Ear drops for the removal of ear wax

Restriction of salt, caffeine and alcohol intake for the treatment of Ménière's disease or syndrome

Topical and systemic antifungal therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis

Saline irrigation for allergic rhinitis

De‐intensified adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy versus standard adjuvant chemoradiotherapy post transoral minimally invasive surgery for resectable HPV‐positive oropharyngeal carcinoma

Betahistine for tinnitus