Cochrane Review Group

Emergency and Critical Care

93 systematic reviews in Emergency and Critical Care ask 915 questions. 15.4% have no studies to answer them, 23.6% rest on very low certainty evidence and 28.8% reach moderate or high certainty.

Reviews

Questions

915

current versions

No studies

15.4%

Moderate or high

28.8%

No studies 141 · 15.4%Ungraded 22 · 2.4%Very low 216 · 23.6%Low 272 · 29.7%Moderate 188 · 20.5%High 76 · 8.3%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Search questions in Emergency and Critical Care

Thinnest evidence

All no studies and very low questions

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Intervention NR Adverse events – hypokalaemia · adults after cardiopulmonary resuscitation Hypothermia for neuroprotection in adults after cardiac arrest (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.38 [1.03, 1.84]	2 studies · 975 participants	Very low
Higher vs lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation All‐cause mortality: range 1 mo to 1 y · adults admitted to the ICU Higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.01 [0.96, 1.06]	16 studies · 9408 participants	Very low
Higher vs lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events according to International Conference on Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice: range 3 d to 180 d · adults admitted to the ICU Higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.01 [0.96, 1.06]	17 studies · 9466 participants	Very low
Higher vs lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation Quality of life (any measure): range 180 d to 1 y · adults admitted to the ICU Higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to… (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 1649 participants	Very low
Higher vs lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation Lung injury diagnosed after randomisation (composite outcome): range 4 d to 23 d · adults admitted to the ICU Higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.08 [0.85, 1.38]	8 studies · 2048 participants	Very low
Higher vs lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation Myocardial infarction diagnosed after randomisation: range ≤ 90 d · adults admitted to the ICU Higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.77 [0.51, 1.15]	4 studies · 5002 participants	Very low
Higher vs lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation Stroke diagnosed after randomisation: range 1 mo to 3 mo · adults admitted to the ICU Higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.08 [0.72, 1.64]	5 studies · 6110 participants	Very low
Higher vs lower FiO2 or targets of arterial oxygenation Sepsis diagnosed after randomisation: range 28 d to 60 d · adults admitted to the ICU Higher versus lower fractions of inspired oxygen or targets of arterial oxygenation for adults admitted to… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.85 [1.17, 2.93]	3 studies · 752 participants	Very low
Oxygenation vs no oxygenation during the apnoeic period preceding intubation Hospital stay · people requiring tracheal intubation Oxygenation during the apnoeic phase preceding intubation in adults in prehospital, emergency department,… (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR Outcomes, Time point of assessmentÂ · relatives, patients, and healthcare professionals during resucitation Family presence during resuscitation (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Intervention NR PTSD in the relatives IES (0 to 75; > 30 = presence of PTSD) measured at 3 months and > 3 months · relatives, patients, and healthcare professionals during resucitation Family presence during resuscitation (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 493 participants	Very low
Intervention NR Anxiety and depression in the relatives HADS (0 to 42; subscale score > 10 (range, 0 to 21) = presence of anxiety or depression) measured at 3 months and > 3 months · relatives, patients, and healthcare professionals during resucitation Family presence during resuscitation (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 493 participants	Very low

Reviews 93

Protocolized versus non‐protocolized weaning for reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation in critically ill adult patients

Blackwood, B, Burns, KEA, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2014

Emergency and Critical Care

Thinnest evidence

Reviews 93

Protocolized versus non‐protocolized weaning for reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation in critically ill adult patients

Automated weaning and SBT systems versus non‐automated weaning strategies for weaning time in invasively ventilated critically ill adults

Daily sedation interruption versus no daily sedation interruption for critically ill adult patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation

Automated versus non‐automated weaning for reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation for critically ill adults and children

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) plus delayed defibrillation versus immediate defibrillation for out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest

Glutamine supplementation for critically ill adults

Intravenous immunoglobulin for treating sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock

Pulmonary artery catheters for adult patients in intensive care

Optimal timing for intravascular administration set replacement

Partial liquid ventilation for preventing death and morbidity in adults with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome

Noninvasive positive‐pressure ventilation as a weaning strategy for intubated adults with respiratory failure

Metered dose inhalers versus nebulizers for aerosol bronchodilator delivery for adult patients receiving mechanical ventilation in critical care units

Fibrinogen concentrate in bleeding patients

Central venous access sites for the prevention of venous thrombosis, stenosis and infection

Human recombinant protein C for severe sepsis and septic shock in adult and paediatric patients

Recompression and adjunctive therapy for decompression illness

N‐acetylcysteine for sepsis and systemic inflammatory response in adults

Interventions for restoring patency of occluded central venous catheter lumens