Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,556 questions · 10,375 findings · 429 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 1,344 · 13%GRADE not reported 6,832 · 65.9%Very low 1,228 · 11.8%Low 613 · 5.9%Moderate 290 · 2.8%High 68 · 0.7%

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Living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART/HAART) vs Healthy HIV-negative controls

Chronic herpes simplex infection (WHO clinical stage 4) · Children or adolescents

No eligible studies reported chronic herpes simplex infection.

1 finding from 1 review

Glass ionomer-based sealant vs Resin-based sealant

Development of >=1 new carious lesion (caries incidence) · 'Healthy' children with caries-free second primary molars, aged 3-5 years (schools and kindergartens, India and China)
1 finding from 1 review
  • Sealants for preventing dental caries in primary teeth 2022 · Cochrane All outcomes
    6-24 months
    N/A - insufficient quantitative information available; 200 (2 studies). Comments: Due to the methods of data collection, analysis and reporting we were unable to provide any quantitative estimates. Fei 2011 narrative:…
    2 studies · 200 participants
    Very low

Isolated cleft palate (CP) or other specific cleft type vs Cleft lip and palate (CLP) or other cleft type

Caries experience by cleft type · Children in the primary dentition with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P)

Whether cleft type is associated with caries experience could not be determined; the planned CP-versus-CL/P subgroup analysis was not possible owing to sparse isolated-CP data (5 studies described narratively; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Caries in children with and without orofacial clefting: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2022 All outcomes
    Children with CL/P and comparable non-CL/P children across 12 countries (India, Brazil, China, Sweden, UK, USA, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Netherlands, Jordan, Thailand); studies published 1989-2021
    Five studies investigated caries experience by cleft type (Howe 2017; Kirchberg 2014; Mutarai 2008; Sunderji 2017; Zhu 2010). A subgroup analysis comparing CP and CL/P as different entities was not possible due to the…
    5 studies
    GRADE not reported

Chlorhexidine vs povidone‐iodine

Reduction in level of contamination by particles >5 um (droplets) at <2 m from patient's oral cavity · Dental patients undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) and the dental healthcare providers treating them

It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine (CHX) changes reduction in level of contamination by particles >5 um (droplets) at… compared with povidone iodine (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Primary dentition DMFT score over 13 vs No caries in primary teeth (DMFT = 0)

Caries prevalence in permanent dentition · School children and adolescents (6-18 years) followed from primary dentition (baseline examination before 72 months of age)

A primary-dentition DMFT over 13 is associated with about 15 times higher risk of caries in permanent teeth (single study; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART/HAART) vs Healthy HIV-negative controls

Poor (inadequate) oral hygiene (prevalence) · Children or adolescents

No significant difference in oral hygiene between CLWH on ART and healthy controls (OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.73 to 2.07; single study).

1 finding from 1 review

Single-surface ART restoration using high-viscosity glass ionomer vs Multi-surface ART with high-viscosity GIC

Restoration survival · Children with decayed primary molar teeth

Single-surface ART/HVGIC restorations had high reported survival (86% at 3 years), significantly higher than multi-surface restorations (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Machine-learning algorithms for dental caries detection vs Different machine-learning algorithms compared with one another / against the reference caries diagnosis

Diagnostic accuracy for root caries detection · Dental radiographic/intraoral images of human teeth (X-ray and photographic)

One study reported machine-learning accuracy for root caries detection (97.1%, support vector machine); not pooled and not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Acute necrotising ulcerative periodontitis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No significant difference in acute necrotising ulcerative periodontitis between ART regimens (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Education vs usual care

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People aged 12 years and over with painful TMD lasting 3 months or longer
1 finding from 1 review

Bio-active restorative materials vs Any conventional restorative material

Treatment failure (planned; no eligible studies) · Children with carious primary teeth after vital or non-vital pulp therapy

No eligible studies were found evaluating bio-active restorative materials for restoring carious primary teeth after pulp therapy.

1 finding from 1 review

Prior SDF application with a rinsing step vs No prior SDF application (untreated dentin control)

Immediate bond strength (MPa) · Dental adhesives bonded to sound dentin (in vitro)

A rinsing step after SDF eliminates the negative effect on adhesive bond strength to sound dentin (MD 7.11 MPa, 95% CI -0.57 to 14.79, non-significant; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Delicate surgery and wound closure by primary intention vs Non-traumatic tooth avulsion and wound closure by secondary intention

MRONJ (incidence proportion) · People treated with oral bisphosphonates undergoing dental extractions (at risk of MRONJ)
1 finding from 1 review

38% SDF (applied every 6 or 12 months) vs 12% SDF solution (applied annually)

Caries arrest · Children (age 1-10 years) with active cavitated dentin caries lesions in primary molars

38% SDF arrested more caries than 12% SDF (pooled ES 0.37, 95% CI 0.27-0.47; single study; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) together with platelet-rich fibrin vs Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)

Healing of MRONJ · People with established (manifest) MRONJ

It is very uncertain whether bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) together with platelet-rich… changes healing of MRONJ compared with platelet-rich fibrin alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Metal-reinforced glass-ionomer cement (MRGIC) restoration vs Conventional GIC

Treatment failure (annual failure rate) · Children with previously unrestored, vital carious lesions in primary teeth (no pulp therapy); aged 1.5-11 years

Metal-reinforced GIC had a high annual failure rate (29.9%) in a single RCT; low quality of evidence (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) plus fluoride varnish vs Atraumatic restorative treatment + fluoride varnish (ART+FV)

Oral health-related quality of life · Children with dental caries

SDF plus fluoride varnish did not significantly differ from ART plus fluoride varnish for oral health-related quality of life (MD 0.16, 95% CI -0.1 to 0.42; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Socioeconomic status category vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Low SES prevalence (among children with caries) · Children with dental caries (deciduous and/or permanent dentition) in low- and middle-income countries

About 36% of children with caries in LMICs were of low SES (pooled prevalence 0.359, 95% CI 0.167 to 0.578; 4 studies; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review