Cochrane Review Group

Stroke

108 systematic reviews in Stroke ask 1,248 questions. 22% have no studies to answer them, 21.6% rest on very low certainty evidence and 24% reach moderate or high certainty.

Reviews

108

Questions

1,248

current versions

No studies

22%

Moderate or high

24%

No studies 275 · 22%Ungraded 56 · 4.5%Very low 269 · 21.6%Low 349 · 28%Moderate 216 · 17.3%High 83 · 6.7%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Search questions in Stroke

Thinnest evidence

All no studies and very low questions

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Pharmacological interventions vs placebo Depression: meeting study criteria for depression at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.7 [0.55, 0.88]	8 studies · 1025 participants	Very low
Non‐invasive brain stimulation vs sham non‐invasive brain stimulation and/or usual care Depression: mean scores at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	8 studies · 505 participants	Very low
Psychological therapy vs usual care and/or attention control Depression: meeting study criteria for depression at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.77 [0.62, 0.95]	6 studies · 521 participants	Very low
Psychological therapy vs usual care and/or attention control Depression: meeting study criteria for depression at end of · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.85 [0.59, 1.21]	3 studies · 201 participants	Very low
Psychological therapy vs usual care and/or attention control Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.65 [0.26, 1.66]	9 studies · 889 participants	Very low
Pharmacological interventions vs placebo Depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.48 [0.32, 0.7]	6 studies · 511 participants	Very low
Psychological therapy vs usual care and/or attention control Adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. suicidal intentions) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.87 [0.2, 3.9]	2 studies · 126 participants	Very low
Psychological therapy vs usual care and/or attention control Adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. fall, too ill) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.62 [0.13, 3.09]	3 studies · 254 participants	Very low
Pharmacological intervention and psychological therapy (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and usual care or attention control (single) Depression: mean scores at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 278 participants	Very low
Pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single) Depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.95 [0.69, 1.3]	3 studies · 392 participants	Very low
Pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single) Depression: mean scores at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	12 studies · 1055 participants	Very low
Pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single) Adverse events: death (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.06 [0.27, 4.16]	5 studies · 487 participants	Very low

Reviews 108

Activity monitors for increasing physical activity in adult stroke survivors

Lynch, EA, Jones, TM, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2018

Stroke

Thinnest evidence

Reviews 108

Activity monitors for increasing physical activity in adult stroke survivors

Low‐molecular‐weight heparins or heparinoids versus standard unfractionated heparin for acute ischaemic stroke

Nitric oxide donors (nitrates), L‐arginine, or nitric oxide synthase inhibitors for acute stroke

Early supported discharge services for people with acute stroke

Interventions for dysarthria due to stroke and other adult‐acquired, non‐progressive brain injury

Treadmill training and body weight support for walking after stroke

Occupational therapy for adults with problems in activities of daily living after stroke

Music interventions for acquired brain injury

Circuit class therapy for improving mobility after stroke

Virtual reality for stroke rehabilitation

Interventions for treating anxiety after stroke

Yoga for stroke rehabilitation

Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke

Cognitive rehabilitation for memory deficits after stroke

Acupuncture for stroke rehabilitation

Puerarin for ischaemic stroke

Repetitive task training for improving functional ability after stroke

Intraoperative mild hypothermia for postoperative neurological deficits in people with intracranial aneurysm

Pharmacological interventions other than botulinum toxin for spasticity after stroke

Self management programmes for quality of life in people with stroke

Caregiver‐mediated exercises for improving outcomes after stroke

Immediate versus delayed treatment for recently symptomatic carotid artery stenosis

Interventions for post‐stroke fatigue

Buflomedil for acute ischaemic stroke

Closure versus medical therapy for preventing recurrent stroke in patients with patent foramen ovale and a history of cryptogenic stroke or transient ischemic attack