Cochrane Review Group

Stroke

108 systematic reviews in Stroke ask 1,248 questions. 22% have no studies to answer them, 21.6% rest on very low certainty evidence and 24% reach moderate or high certainty.

Reviews

108

Questions

1,248

current versions

No studies

22%

Moderate or high

24%

No studies 275 · 22%Ungraded 56 · 4.5%Very low 269 · 21.6%Low 349 · 28%Moderate 216 · 17.3%High 83 · 6.7%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Search questions in Stroke

Thinnest evidence

All no studies and very low questions

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Pharmacological interventions vs placebo Depression: meeting study criteria for depression at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.7 [0.55, 0.88]	8 studies · 1025 participants	Very low
Non‐invasive brain stimulation vs sham non‐invasive brain stimulation and/or usual care Depression: mean scores at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	8 studies · 505 participants	Very low
Psychological therapy vs usual care and/or attention control Depression: meeting study criteria for depression at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.77 [0.62, 0.95]	6 studies · 521 participants	Very low
Psychological therapy vs usual care and/or attention control Depression: meeting study criteria for depression at end of · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.85 [0.59, 1.21]	3 studies · 201 participants	Very low
Psychological therapy vs usual care and/or attention control Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.65 [0.26, 1.66]	9 studies · 889 participants	Very low
Pharmacological interventions vs placebo Depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.48 [0.32, 0.7]	6 studies · 511 participants	Very low
Psychological therapy vs usual care and/or attention control Adverse events: all ‐ central nervous system events (e.g. suicidal intentions) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.87 [0.2, 3.9]	2 studies · 126 participants	Very low
Psychological therapy vs usual care and/or attention control Adverse events: all ‐ other events ‐ not listed above (e.g. fall, too ill) (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.62 [0.13, 3.09]	3 studies · 254 participants	Very low
Pharmacological intervention and psychological therapy (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and usual care or attention control (single) Depression: mean scores at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 278 participants	Very low
Pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single) Depression: < 50% reduction in scale scores at end of treatment (primary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 0.95 [0.69, 1.3]	3 studies · 392 participants	Very low
Pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single) Depression: mean scores at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	12 studies · 1055 participants	Very low
Pharmacological intervention and non‐invasive brain stimulation (combination) vs a pharmacological intervention and sham stimulation or usual care (single) Adverse events: death (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke Pharmacological, non‐invasive brain stimulation and psychological interventions, and their combination, for… (2023) · Cochrane	RR 1.06 [0.27, 4.16]	5 studies · 487 participants	Very low

Reviews 108

Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents for secondary prevention of stroke and other thromboembolic events in people with antiphospholipid syndrome

Bala, MM, Celinska-Lowenhoff, M, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2020

Stroke

Thinnest evidence

Reviews 108

Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents for secondary prevention of stroke and other thromboembolic events in people with antiphospholipid syndrome

Anti‐inflammatory therapy for preventing stroke and other vascular events after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack

Motor neuroprosthesis for promoting recovery of function after stroke

Motor imagery for gait rehabilitation after stroke

Citicoline for treating people with acute ischemic stroke

Calcium antagonists for acute ischemic stroke

Cognitive rehabilitation for attention deficits following stroke

Interventions for treating brain arteriovenous malformations in adults

Stem cell transplantation for ischemic stroke

Interventions for visual field defects in people with stroke

Interventions for preventing falls in people after stroke

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for improving aphasia in adults with aphasia after stroke

Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke

Endovascular coiling versus neurosurgical clipping for people with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage

Acupuncture for acute stroke

Very early versus delayed mobilisation after stroke

Electromechanical and robot‐assisted arm training for improving activities of daily living, arm function, and arm muscle strength after stroke

Blood pressure‐lowering treatment for preventing recurrent stroke, major vascular events, and dementia in patients with a history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack

Mirror therapy for improving motor function after stroke

Antibiotic therapy for preventing infections in people with acute stroke

Factor Xa inhibitors versus vitamin K antagonists for preventing cerebral or systemic embolism in patients with atrial fibrillation

Interventions for improving modifiable risk factor control in the secondary prevention of stroke

Percutaneous vascular interventions versus intravenous thrombolytic treatment for acute ischaemic stroke

Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor agonists for acute stroke

Remote ischaemic conditioning for preventing and treating ischaemic stroke