Search review questions

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Partial pulpotomy, irreversible pulpitis

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children aged <6 years · Community/population-based; multiple countries, Confounder adjustment: Yes

Adverse effects · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions)

ANB · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) · End of treatment

Overjet · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) · End of treatment

Primary-teeth caries experience (dmf/dmft, mean score) · Institutionalized orphan children (roughly 3 to 18 years) · Orphanages/childcare institutions in low- and middle-income countries (India, Iran, China, Yemen, Egypt, Lithuania, Malaysia), Overall (pooled)

Dental caries prevalence (any dmft), dichotomous · Brazilian children in primary dentition (BMI classified by CDC 2000 growth charts) · Brazil

Rotation of the mandibular first premolar · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar) · Until eruption of the permanent second molar (median follow-up 4.0 years), University clinics and hospitals in 8 countries (children/adolescents <18 years), Mandible

Mean DFR (decayed, filled root teeth) · Adults · Population-based and clinical dental study samples; multiple countries (1994-2022), Overall

Number of paracetamol (acetaminophen) with codeine tablets required · Adults with a symptomatic necrotic tooth or localised acute apical abscess (no signs of spreading infection or… · 7 days

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents with maxillary permanent first molar extraction · Follow-up to complete eruption of the permanent second molar, Maxilla

White spot lesion formation (QLF: fluorescence loss, lesion area) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic (fixed appliance) treatment (adolescents and adults, ages 12 to 35) · Before and after treatment (T0 to T1), Orthodontic clinical practice (in-vivo human clinical trials); adolescents and adults

Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries · Over-dominant model (AA+GG vs GA), Children under 18 years; case-control and cross-sectional studies (China, Czech Republic, Turkey, Brazil, India)

ANB · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) · 1-year follow-up

Maximal mouth opening (interincisal distance) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

Severity of oral/mucosal burning pain/sensation · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF)

ANB · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) · End of treatment

Change in clinical attachment level (CAL) · Adults (> 18 years) with peri-implant mucositis, receiving active treatment

Early childhood caries (ECC) prevalence (%, dmft>0) · Children younger than 71 months (under 6 years) · North America, Region: North America

Incidence of new ICLs (proportion of subjects developing new lesions) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances, followed for development of new… · During fixed orthodontic treatment (development of new lesions), International (16 countries; studies published 2005-2022); orthodontic clinical settings, Overall (random-effects model)

Caries presence in primary teeth · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes,… · Children assessed at 3 yrs

dmft index score · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes,…

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years · Fluorosis assessed when most permanent teeth of interest had erupted (6 to 18 years)

Pocket closure · Adults (> 18 years) with recurrent periodontitis, receiving supportive (maintenance) periodontal care · 6 months (change from baseline)

Child microbiological presence (mutans streptococci colonisation) · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes,…

Dental caries in children · Children of mothers assessed for smoking status during pregnancy (early childhood dental caries) · Exposure during pregnancy; caries assessed in early childhood, Multiple countries (Japan, England, Australia, Poland, USA, Sweden, Italy, Singapore); population/community-based, Study region: Australia

Comparable diagnostic accuracy (photographic vs visual examination) · Overall narrative conclusion across included studies

Dental caries (prevalence) · Adults · Population-based and clinical dental study samples; multiple countries (1994-2022), Age 65 to over 75 years

Prevalence of ICLs (proportion of tooth surfaces affected) · Patients (permanent dentition) during or after fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances · During or after fixed orthodontic treatment (cross-sectional/at debonding), International (16 countries; studies published 2005-2022); orthodontic clinical settings, Overall (random-effects model)

Overjet · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) · End of treatment

ANB · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) · End of treatment

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children aged ≤6 years (early childhood) · Exposure and outcome assessed concurrently (observational); children aged ≤6 years, Children aged ≤6 years; multiple countries (Asia, Europe, Americas); dental/clinical and community settings, Study quality (NOS): low

Burning sensation (VAS 0-100) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) · 3 to 6 months

Prevalence of ICLs (proportion of subjects affected) · Patients (permanent dentition) during or after fixed orthodontic treatment with fixed (multibracket) appliances · During or after fixed orthodontic treatment (cross-sectional/at debonding), International (16 countries; studies published 2005-2022); orthodontic clinical settings, Overall (random-effects model)

Caries arrest · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) · 30 months, Primary dentition

Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries · Dominant model (TT+TC vs CC), Children under 18 years; case-control and cross-sectional studies (China, Czech Republic, Turkey, Brazil, India), Mixed dentition

Any adverse effect related to aPDT · Adults (> 18 years) with recurrent periodontitis, receiving supportive (maintenance) periodontal care

SiC30 index score · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes,… · Children assessed at 6 yrs

Burning sensation (VAS 0-100) · People of any age with a confirmed diagnosis, by clinical examination and biopsy, of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) · Less than 3 months

Caries arrest · Children and adults (with or without carious lesions) · 24 months, Primary dentition

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Permanent teeth with carious pulp exposure · >=12 months, Full pulpotomy

Dental caries / early childhood caries (ECC) · Children (approx. 4-18 years) · Dental examinations of children; 15 countries across Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania, Age: <7 years

Alignment rate · People receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (upper and/or lower full arch)

Perceived need for surgery in adulthood · Children and adolescents (aged 16 years or younger) with prominent lower front teeth (Class III malocclusion) · 6-year follow-up

Dental caries · Children (<18 years) with vs without dental caries · Dominant model (TT+TC vs CC), Children under 18 years; case-control and cross-sectional studies (China, Czech Republic, Turkey, Brazil, India), Permanent dentition

Periodontal/gingival clinical status (gingival index, biofilm index, probing depth, bleeding on probing, attachment loss) · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) · Multiple countries; pediatric cleft/craniofacial care; saliva, dental plaque, subgingival plaque and nasal/oropharyngeal samples

Crown caries · Adults · Population-based and clinical dental study samples; multiple countries (1994-2022), Crown caries

Dental caries in children · Infants and children (aged about 2 to 8 years) whose mothers' vitamin D status was assessed during pregnancy · Prenatal exposure; dental caries in children aged 2 to 8 years, Observational pregnancy/birth-cohort studies (one cross-sectional), mostly in developed countries (USA, Canada, Japan, Australia, Spain, Netherlands, Poland, New Zealand, Turkey), Publication-bias adjustment: Trim & Fill corrected pooled estimate

Fluorosis (percentage prevalence in permanent teeth) · Children exposed to topical fluoride when under 6 years old; fluorosis assessed in permanent teeth at 6 to 18 years · Fluorosis assessed when most permanent teeth of interest had erupted (6 to 18 years)

White spot lesion development (QLF: mineral loss, lesion area/depth, new lesions) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic (fixed appliance) treatment (adolescents and adults, ages 12 to 35) · 2 and 4 months, Orthodontic clinical practice (in-vivo human clinical trials); adolescents and adults