Non-Cochrane · aetiology · PM38587683
Characterization of the oral microbiota and the relationship of the oral microbiota with the dental and periodontal status in children and adolescents with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate. Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Escobar-Arregocés Francina, Eras Mayra-Alexandra, Bustos Andrea, et al. · Clinical oral investigations · 2024 · PubMed · doi:10.1007/s00784-024-05624-3
Full textEvery question was extracted from the full text, figures and supplements by two independent LLM extractors, disagreements adjudicated. Rows cite where in the review the value comes from.
Questions
8
current version
GRADE rated
0
No studies
0
Included studies
24
linked below
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 8 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) | 23 included studies of children/adolescents (neonates to 18 years) with CLP |
| Intervention | Oral microbiota (characterization); NSCLP status as exposure | Oral microbiota in CLP: cariogenic (Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus spp.); periodontopathogenic (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia/nigrescens, Campylobacter spp., Parvimonas micra); also Staphylococcus aureus and Candida spp. peri-surgically |
| Comparison | Children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years without non-syndromic cleft lip and palate | Children/adolescents without CLP (control groups; some studies had no control group) |
| Outcomes | Dental and periodontal status; characteristics of the oral microbiota | Higher Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus counts in CLP; ~2.03x higher odds of dental caries; poorer periodontal status (higher gingival/plaque indices, probing depth, bleeding, attachment loss); microbiota varies by cleft type and surgery |
| Study designs | Analytical observational designs and clinical trials | 23 included studies (analytical prevalence, cross-sectional, case-control, before-after, non-randomized clinical trials); 5 meta-analyzed |
| Timing | Not specified | Age 0-18 years; pre- and post-surgical (cheilorrhaphy/palatorrhaphy) timepoints in several studies |
Search date: Publications from 1 January 1985 to 30 June 2020 (search date not separately reported). Databases: Medline-PubMed; Embase-Elsevier; EBSCO; Scopus; Web of Science; Google Scholar (gray literature)
Questions and results
Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)
Population: Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Dental caries (proportion of patients with caries) Pooling 3 studies, children/adolescents with CLP were about 2.03 times more likely to have dental caries than non-CLP controls (p<0.005; low heterogeneity), though most included studies were at high risk of bias; the evidence is ungraded. Source: Results 'Caries risk' (Fig. 5); Abstract; Discussion · same question in other reviews | OR 2.03 [1.46, 2.84] | 3 studies · 688 participants | Ungraded |
Streptococcus mutans salivary/plaque counts (cariogenic microbiota) A meta-analysis of 2 studies found no difference in mean Streptococcus mutans levels between children with and without CLP, with very high heterogeneity; the evidence is ungraded. Source: Results 'Streptococcus mutans' (Fig. 3); Abstract · same question in other reviews | Two studies were analyzed that reported the outcome in means of the presence of Streptococcus mutans, and that there was no difference between the means for healthy patients and those with CLP. The results of these… | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Lactobacillus spp. mean levels/counts Population: Children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate No significant difference in Lactobacillus spp. presence was reported; GRADE was not reported. Source: Results of the meta-analysis; Fig. 4 · same question in other reviews | MD 1.40 [1.33, 1.47] | 2 studies · 152 participants | Ungraded |
Lactobacillus spp. salivary/plaque counts (cariogenic microbiota) A meta-analysis found no significant difference in mean Lactobacillus spp. levels between children with and without CLP, with high heterogeneity; the evidence is ungraded. Source: Results 'Lactobacillus' (Fig. 4); Abstract · same question in other reviews | For the outcome of the presence of Lactobacillus spp., there were no significant differences between patients with CLP and healthy patients, and the diversity of the studies led to high heterogeneity; however, the p… | NR | Ungraded |
Streptococcus mutans mean levels/counts Population: Children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate No difference in mean Streptococcus mutans presence was reported; GRADE was not reported. Source: Results of the meta-analysis; Fig. 3 · same question in other reviews | SMD 1.78 [1.36, 2.19] | 2 studies · 175 participants | Ungraded |
Periodontal/gingival clinical status (gingival index, biofilm index, probing depth, bleeding on probing, attachment loss) Narrative synthesis of 6 studies suggests children/adolescents with CLP have poorer periodontal status (higher gingival and plaque indices, deeper probing, more bleeding and attachment loss) and harbor periodontopathogens; no pooled estimate and the evidence is ungraded. Source: Results 'Periodontopathogenic microbiota and its relationship with the periodontal state'; Discussion; Abstract · same question in other reviews | Six studies (Ahluwalia, Rawashdeh, Funahashi, Perdikogianni, Quirynen, Costa) reported that patients with CLP had higher gingival index and biofilm/plaque index, deeper probing depth, more bleeding on probing and… | 6 studies | Ungraded |
Comparison
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Cariogenic microbiota counts (Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus spp.) Narrative synthesis: significantly higher in CLP vs controls (Ahluwalia, Lucas, Hassani, Cheng, Sundell) | no estimate extracted | 5 studies | Ungraded |
Periodontopathogenic microbiota composition Narrative: Campylobacter/Fusobacterium/F. nucleatum/Prevotella intermedia-nigrescens/Parvimonas micra/Porphyromonas gingivalis in CLP | no estimate extracted | 6 studies | Ungraded |
Included primary studies 24
Open as a trial list| Study | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial PICO | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ahluwalia 2004 Dental caries, oral hygiene, and oral clearance in children with craniofacial disorders. PMID:14742659 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Lucas 2000 Dental health indices and caries associated microflora in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate. PMID:11034026 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Arief 2005 Study of viridans streptococci and Staphylococcus species in cleft lip and palate patients before and after surgery. PMID:15865462 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Bokhout 1996 Prevalence of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli in 18-month-old children with cleft lip and/or palate. PMID:8891374 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Cheng 2007 Bacteria and salivary profile of adolescents with and without cleft lip and/or palate undergoing orthodontic treatment. PMID:18265688 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Cocco 2010 Characterization of the nasal, sublingual, and oropharyngeal mucosa microbiota in cleft lip and palate individuals before and after… PMID:20210635 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Costa 2003 Clinical and microbiological evaluation of the periodontal status of children with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate. PMID:14577819 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Da Silva 2018 Candida species biotypes in the oral cavity of infants and children with orofacial clefts under surgical rehabilitation. PMID:30138757 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Durhan 2018 Microbial Profile and Dental Caries in Cleft Lip and Palate Babies Between 0 and 3 Years Old. PMID:29800530 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Funahashi 2019 Functional dysbiosis within dental plaque microbiota in cleft lip and palate patients. PMID:30906959 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Hassani 2020 Comparison of Microbial Activity Among Infants With or Without Using Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding Appliance. PMID:32253929 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Hupkens 2007 Prevention of wound dehiscence in palatal surgery by preoperative identification of group A Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus DOI:10.1007/s00238-007-0116-z | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Liu 2016 Investigating Oral Microbiome Profiles in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate for Prognosis of Alveolar Bone Grafting. PMID:27191390 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Loveren 1998 Incidence of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in oral cleft children wearing acrylic plates from shortly after birth. PMID:9807120 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Machorowska 2017 A Comparative Study of Oral Microbiota in Infants with Complete Cleft Lip and Palate or Cleft Soft Palate. PMID:28393073 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Perdikogianni 2009 Periodontal and microbiological parameters in children and adolescents with cleft lip and /or palate. PMID:19732188 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Quirynen 2003 A split-mouth study on periodontal and microbial parameters in children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. PMID:12702111 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Rawashdeh 2011 Oral candidal colonization in cleft patients as a function of age, gender, surgery, type of cleft, and oral health. PMID:20691530 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Sundell 2015 Comparing caries risk profiles between 5- and 10- year-old children with cleft lip and/or palate and non-cleft controls. PMID:26208495 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Sundell 2018 Salivary microbial profiles in 5-year old children with oral clefts: a comparative study. PMID:29392531 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Thomas 2012 The value of microbiological screening in cleft lip and palate surgery. PMID:21848369 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Tuna 2008 [Post-irradiation changes in the content of phospholipids and cyclic nucleotides in the mouse brain]. PMID:1788867 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Tuna 2008 Staphylococcus aureus transmission through oronasal fistula in children with cleft lip and palate. PMID:18788867 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Zhang 2016 Profiling of Oral and Nasal Microbiome in Children With Cleft Palate. PMID:26068382 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match).
| Review | Shared studies | Jaccard |
|---|---|---|
| Caries in children with and without orofacial clefting: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (2022) | 2 | 0.04 |