Non-Cochrane · intervention · PM41828611
Do Adjunctive Therapies with Natural Products Improve Periodontal Clinical Parameters After Non-Surgical Treatment? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
de Molon Rafael Scaf, Rodrigues Joao Victor Soares, de Avila Erica Dorigatti, et al. · International journal of molecular sciences · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.3390/ijms27052394
Findings
46 findings
| Population | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Curcumin | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 3 months | SMD 0.93 [0.67, 1.20] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 6 studies · 262 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Curcumin | SRP alone | plaque index (PI) 3 months | SMD 0.21 [-0.06, 0.49] GRADE not reported 5 studies · 222 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Curcumin | SRP alone | plaque index (PI) 1 month | SMD 0.96 [0.71, 1.22] GRADE not reported 6 studies · 276 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis undergoing non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive curcumin | SRP alone | Clinical attachment level (CAL) gain 3 months | MD 0.28 [0.18, 0.37] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 4 studies · 156 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Curcumin | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 6 months | SMD 0.07 [-0.36, 0.49] Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency 2 studies · 86 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Curcumin | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 6 months | SMD 0.19 [-0.15, 0.53] High 3 studies · 132 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Curcumin | SRP alone | plaque index (PI) 6 months | SMD 0.51 [0.08, 0.93] GRADE not reported 2 studies · 92 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Curcumin | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 1 month | SMD 0.85 [0.62, 1.07] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 8 studies · 356 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Curcumin | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 1 month | SMD 0.62 [0.36, 0.88] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 6 studies · 250 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 1 month | SMD 0.55 [0.13, 0.98] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 2 studies · 90 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 1 month | SMD 0.42 [-0.00, 0.84] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 2 studies · 90 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) | SRP alone | plaque index (PI) 1 month | SMD -0.35 [-0.77, 0.07] GRADE not reported 2 studies · 90 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Resveratrol | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 1 month | SMD 0.23 [-0.13, 0.59] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency 3 studies · 124 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Resveratrol | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 1 month | SMD 1.12 [0.74, 1.50] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 3 studies · 124 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Resveratrol | SRP alone | bleeding on probing (BOP) 1 month | SMD 0.95 [0.48, 1.41] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 2 studies · 80 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Resveratrol | SRP alone | plaque index (PI) 1 month | SMD 0.97 [0.50, 1.44] GRADE not reported 2 studies · 80 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Ocimum sanctum | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 1 month | SMD 0.15 [-0.41, 0.70] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision 2 studies · 50 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Ocimum sanctum | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 1 month | SMD 0.08 [-0.48, 0.63] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision 2 studies · 50 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Ocimum sanctum | SRP alone | bleeding on probing (BOP) 1 month | SMD 0.02 [-0.53, 0.58] Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness 2 studies · 50 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Omega-3 | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 1 month | SMD 0.52 [0.15, 0.88] High 2 studies · 120 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Omega-3 | SRP alone | plaque index (PI) 1 month | SMD -0.08 [-0.44, 0.27] GRADE not reported 2 studies · 120 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Omega-3 | SRP alone | plaque index (PI) 3 months | SMD -0.09 [-0.44, 0.27] GRADE not reported 2 studies · 120 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Omega-3 | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 3 months | SMD 0.64 [0.31, 0.98] High 3 studies · 150 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Omega-3 | SRP alone | bleeding on probing (BOP) 3 months | SMD 0.28 [-0.08, 0.64] Low Downgraded: imprecision, inconsistency 2 studies · 120 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Omega-3 | SRP alone | bleeding on probing (BOP) 1 month | SMD 0.25 [-0.11, 0.61] Moderate Downgraded: imprecision 2 studies · 120 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Omega-3 | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 1 month | SMD 0.60 [0.23, 0.97] High 2 studies · 120 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Omega-3 | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 3 months | SMD 0.62 [0.29, 0.95] High 3 studies · 150 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Aloe vera | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 3 months | SMD 0.64 [0.37, 0.92] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 4 studies · 220 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Aloe vera | SRP alone | plaque index (PI) 3 months | SMD 0.67 [0.41, 0.92] GRADE not reported 4 studies · 260 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Aloe vera | SRP alone | bleeding on probing (BOP) 3 months | SMD 2.11 [1.72, 2.50] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 2 studies · 160 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Aloe vera | SRP alone | plaque index (PI) 6 months | SMD 0.34 [0.03, 0.65] GRADE not reported 2 studies · 160 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Aloe vera | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 3 months | SMD 0.82 [0.54, 1.10] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 4 studies · 220 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Aloe vera | SRP alone | bleeding on probing (BOP) 6 months | SMD 2.99 [2.53, 3.45] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 2 studies · 160 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Aloe vera | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 6 months | SMD 0.33 [-0.03, 0.70] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency 2 studies · 120 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Aloe vera | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 6 months | SMD 0.84 [0.47, 1.22] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 2 studies · 120 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Herbal formulations | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 3 months | SMD 0.46 [0.13, 0.80] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency 4 studies · 146 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Herbal formulations | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 6 months | SMD 0.27 [-0.12, 0.65] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 3 studies · 106 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Herbal formulations | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 6 months | SMD 0.68 [0.28, 1.07] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 3 studies · 106 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Herbal formulations | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 3 months | SMD 0.70 [0.36, 1.04] Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias 4 studies · 146 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Grape seed extract | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 3 months | SMD 0.63 [0.34, 0.93] Moderate Downgraded: inconsistency 2 studies · 192 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Grape seed extract | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 3 months | SMD 0.92 [0.62, 1.23] High 2 studies · 192 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Grape seed extract | SRP alone | plaque index (PI) 6 months | SMD -0.07 [-0.59, 0.44] GRADE not reported 2 studies · 58 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Grape seed extract | SRP alone | plaque index (PI) 3 months | SMD 0.29 [0.00, 0.57] GRADE not reported 2 studies · 192 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Grape seed extract | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 6 months | SMD 0.00 [-0.51, 0.51] Moderate Downgraded: imprecision 2 studies · 58 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Ginger | SRP alone | probing pocket depth (PPD) 8 weeks | SMD 0.29 [-0.14, 0.72] High 2 studies · 84 participants |
| Patients with periodontitis after non-surgical periodontal therapy | SRP plus adjunctive Ginger | SRP alone | clinical attachment level (CAL) 8 weeks | SMD 0.55 [0.11, 0.98] High 2 studies · 84 participants |
Included primary studies 180
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abdel-Fatah et al., 2023 Relaxation of smooth muscle following contraction elicited by sympathetic nerve stimulation in vivo. PMID:202357 | 1977 | 3 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Patel et al. 2012 Effect of subgingival application of topical ozonated olive oil in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized, controlled,… PMID:22976566 | 2012 | 3 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Borgohain et al., 2023 Efficacy of Cucurmin and Aloevera Extracts Gel as Local Drugs Delivery Agents. PMID:37693983 | 2023 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| El-Sharkawy et al., 2010 Adjunctive treatment of chronic periodontitis with daily dietary supplementation with omega-3 Fatty acids and low-dose aspirin. PMID:20572767 | 2010 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Elavarasu et al., 2016 Evaluation of superoxide dismutase levels in local drug delivery system containing 0.2% curcumin strip as an adjunct to scaling and root… PMID:27829747 | 2016 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Maybodi et al., 2022 Effects of omega-3 supplementation as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy on periodontal parameters in periodontitis patients:… PMID:36414947 | 2022 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Nikniaz et al., 2023 Diuretics and the renal adenylate cyclase system. PMID:202362 | 1977 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Pérez-Pacheco et al., 2021 The nasal arteries. PMID:202158 | 1978 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Raghava et al., 2019 Costs and benefits of behavioural psychotherapy: a pilot study of neurotics treated by nurse-therapists. PMID:201959 | 1977 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rahalkar et al., 2021 Determination of efficacy of curcumin and Tulsi extracts as local drugs in periodontal pocket reduction: A clinical and microbiological… PMID:34158685 | 2021 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Stańdo-Retecka et al., 2023 Clinical and microbiological outcomes of subgingival instrumentation supplemented with high-dose omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in… PMID:37179297 | 2023 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Abdel-Fatah et al., 2023 Efficacy of curcumin gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on salivary procalcitonin level in the treatment of patients with… PMID:37981665 | 2023 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Acharya et al., 2021 Evaluation of Grape Seed Formulation as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing on Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Status and Glycaemic… DOI:10.7860/jcdr/2021/45235.14792 | 2021 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Aggarwal et al., 2023 To Evaluate the Clinical Efficacy of 940 nm Diode Laser and Propolis Gel (A Natural Product) in Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in… PMID:37694074 | 2023 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Deore et al., 2014 Herbal anti-inflammatory immunomodulators as host modulators in chronic periodontitis patients: a randomised, double-blind,… PMID:24778901 | 2014 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Dubey et al., 2025 Evaluation of nanofiber scaffolds laden Ashvakatri in the management of chronic periodontitis-a randomized, controlled split pocket study. PMID:40895264 | 2025 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gholinezhad et al., 2020 Using ginger supplement in adjunct with non-surgical periodontal therapy improves metabolic and periodontal parameters in patients with… DOI:10.1016/j.hermed.2019.100315 | 2020 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gupta et al., 2025 Comparative Assessment of Subgingivally Delivered 2% Curcumin Gel as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in Smokers with Chronic… PMID:40655860 | 2025 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Guru et al., 2020 Comparative evaluation of 2% turmeric extract with nanocarrier and 1% chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in… PMID:32773975 | 2020 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mahendra et al. 2013 Clinical effects of subgingivally delivered spirulina gel in chronic periodontitis cases: a placebo controlled clinical trial. PMID:24298522 | 2013 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Maybodi et al., 2022 Solvent use as a precursor to intravenous drug abuse. PMID:2022112 | 1991 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mohammed et al., 2025 Evaluating the Efficacy of Resveratrol-Containing Mouthwash as an Adjunct Treatment for Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. PMID:39251207 | 2025 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Nikniaz et al., 2023 Impact of resveratrol supplementation on clinical parameters and inflammatory markers in patients with chronic periodontitis: a randomized… PMID:36973728 | 2023 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Pérez-Pacheco et al., 2021 Local application of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis: Randomized,… PMID:33125518 | 2021 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Pradeep et al., 2016 Multiple myeloma and oat cell carcinoma. PMID:201672 | 1977 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Raghava et al., 2019 Efficacy of Curcumin as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in Chronic Periodontitis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. PMID:31597806 | 2019 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sahu et al., 2023 Efficacy of Sub-Gingivally Delivered Propolis Nanoparticle in Non-Surgical Management of Periodontal Pocket: A Randomized Clinical Trial. PMID:38002260 | 2023 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Saini et al., 2021 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sanghani et al. 2014 Diagnosis of chlamydial infection in pregnant women using the Testpack Chlamydia diagnostic kit. PMID:2014100 | 1991 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Singh et al., 2018 Evaluation of Turmeric Chip Compared with Chlorhexidine Chip as a Local Drug Delivery Agent in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A… PMID:28731780 | 2018 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sravya et al., 2019 Efficacy of an herbal antioxidant as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy on procalcitonin levels in smokers with chronic… PMID:31543616 | 2019 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Tyagi et al., 2021 A comparison of the efficacy of scaling and root planning with application of pomegranate chip, pomegranate gel, and scaling and root… PMID:33642740 | 2021 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Verma et al., 2022 A clinical and microbiological study to assess the efficacy of Acmella oleracea and Acacia catechu herbs as local drug delivery in… PMID:35602538 | 2022 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Yaghini et al., 2014 Efficacy of a local-drug delivery gel containing extracts of Quercus brantii and Coriandrum sativum as an adjunct to scaling and root… PMID:25114940 | 2014 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Acharya et al., 2021 Antihypertensive agents, serum lipoproteins and glucose metabolism. PMID:2021113 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Aggarwal et al., 2023 Adjustment of AIDS surveillance data for reporting delay. PMID:2023105 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Agrawal et al., 2024 [A deontological code for nurses]. PMID:2024125 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Agrawal et al., 2024 Assessment of the Efficiency of Tulsi Extract as a Locally Administered Medication Agent and Its Comparison With Curcumin in the Treatment… PMID:38523946 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Al-Bayaty et al., 2024 Biohybrid artificial pancreas: long-term implantation studies in diabetic, pancreatectomized dogs. PMID:2024124 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Al-Bayaty et al., 2024 Midazolam-Induced Seizure-Like Activity in Five Neonates: A case series. PMID:39234330 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Aljuboori & Mahmood, 2020 The Effects of Salvia officinalis Gel as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planning in Patients with Periodontitis (Clinical and… DOI:10.25258/ijddt.10.2.8 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Aljuboori & Mahmood, 2020 [Tl-201 myocardial images in a patient with dialated cardiomyopathy, who finally received heart transplantation]. PMID:2020139 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Andrade et al., 2017 [Alopecia areata. Causes and possibilities of therapy]. PMID:2017107 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Andrade et al., 2017 Subgingival Irrigation with a Solution of 20% Propolis Extract as an Adjunct to Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment: A Preliminary Study. PMID:31473730 | 2017 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Anusha et al., 2019 Metsovo lung outside Metsovo. Endemic pleural calcifications in the ophiolite belts of Greece. PMID:2019171 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Anusha et al., 2019 Efficacy of a mouthwash containing essential oils and curcumin as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy among rheumatoid arthritis… PMID:31745043 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Arora et al. 2013 Hypertension in Hispanics, Asians and Pacific-Islanders, and Native Americans. PMID:2013167 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Arora et al. 2013 The adjunctive use of systemic antioxidant therapy (lycopene) in nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: a short-term evaluation. PMID:23479592 | 2013 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ashrafzadeh et al., 2024 Purification and properties of calf thymus poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase. PMID:202489 | 1977 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ashrafzadeh et al., 2024 Beneficial effects of cranberry juice enriched with omega-3 fatty acids in patients with type 2 diabetic and periodontal disease: A… PMID:39758261 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Aslroosta et al., 2021 Bilateral congenital oculomotor nerve palsy in a child with brain anomalies. PMID:2021161 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Aslroosta et al., 2021 Semelil as Adjunctive Therapy in Chronic Periodontitis: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Clinical Study. PMID:34400963 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Azad et al. 2016 The therapist's expectations of the transference. PMID:2016172 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Azad et al. 2016 Adjunctive use of essential oils following scaling and root planing -a randomized clinical trial. PMID:27266517 | 2016 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Babaei et al., 2018 Cortical magnetic resonance imaging changes in elderly inpatients with major depression. PMID:2018163 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Babaei et al., 2018 Effects of Chicory Leaf Extract on Serum Oxidative Stress Markers, Lipid Profile and Periodontal Status in Patients With Chronic… PMID:29558323 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Borgohain et al., 2023 Effects of low ionic strength media on passive human red cell monovalent cation transport. PMID:2023127 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chapple et al., 2012 Interleukin-1 gene expression in rabbit vascular tissue in vivo. PMID:2012168 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chapple et al., 2012 Adjunctive daily supplementation with encapsulated fruit, vegetable and berry juice powder concentrates and clinical periodontal outcomes:… PMID:22093005 | 2012 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chava & Vedula 2013 Early afterdepolarizations and triggered activity in rabbit cardiac Purkinje fibers recovering from ischemic-like conditions. Role of… PMID:2013152 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chava & Vedula 2013 Thermo-reversible green tea catechin gel for local application in chronic periodontitis: a 4-week clinical trial. PMID:23121459 | 2013 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Cheng et al., 2014 Lipoproteins in children treated with continuous peritoneal dialysis. PMID:2014151 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Cheng et al., 2014 Effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on periodontal pathogens and its clinical efficacy as adjuvant treatment. PMID:25098260 | 2014 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chopra et al., 2016 Psychophysiological parameters of migraine and muscle-contraction headaches. PMID:2016165 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chopra et al., 2016 Green Tea Intake as an Adjunct to Mechanical Periodontal Therapy for the Management of Mild to Moderate Chronic Periodontitis: A… PMID:27175448 | 2016 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Coutinho A. 2012 HIV testing in women with vaginal candidiasis. PMID:2012101 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Coutinho A. 2012 Honeybee propolis extract in periodontal treatment: a clinical and microbiological study of propolis in periodontal treatment. PMID:22945731 | 2012 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Das et al., 2021 Lactose digestion from yogurt: influence of a meal and additional lactose. PMID:2021132 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Das et al., 2021 Clinical efficacy of grape seed extract as an adjuvant to scaling and root planing in treatment of periodontal pockets. PMID:34281305 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Deore et al., 2014 Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase: determination of the last E. coli aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase primary structure. PMID:2014166 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Dubey et al., 2025 [Evaluation of the effectiveness of antibacterial therapy]. PMID:2025117 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Dzampaeva et al., 2021 Current practices in the management of ocular toxoplasmosis. PMID:2021170 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Dzampaeva et al., 2021 Efficacy of Complex Phytoadaptogens as an Adjunct to Non-surgical Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. PMID:34268198 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| El-Sharkawy et al., 2010 Extrahepatic bile duct growth in mice repeatedly injected with human normal serum, IgA-deficient serum or purified secretory IgA. PMID:2010169 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| El-Sharkawy et al., 2016 Astrovirus associated gastroenteritis in a children's ward. PMID:201670 | 1977 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| El-Sharkawy et al., 2016 Propolis Improves Periodontal Status and Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Periodontitis: A… PMID:27468795 | 2016 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Elavarasu et al., 2016 Disconjugate adaptation to long-standing, large-amplitude, spectacle-corrected anisometropia. PMID:2016146 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Elsadek et al., 2020 Clinical and Microbiological Outcomes of Topical Aloe Vera Gel vs. Photochemotherapy as an Adjunct to Non-surgical Periodontal Treatment… DOI:10.1055/a-1159-0738 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Elsadek et al., 2020 [Management of pacemaker patients]. PMID:202098 | 1977 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Elsadek et al., 2023 Clinical and bacterial periodontal parameters with methylene blue-loaded nanoparticles incorporated in a natural plant-based vehicle for… DOI:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103586 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Elsadek et al., 2023 The size and genetic composition of virus-specific RNAs in the cytoplasm of cells producing avian sarcoma-leukosis viruses. PMID:202396 | 1977 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Farahmand et al., 2024 Class, paid employment and family roles: making sense of structural disadvantage, gender and health status. PMID:2024158 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Farahmand et al., 2024 Comparative assessment of Omega-3 and CoQ10 as adjuncts to periodontal therapy and total antioxidant capacity of saliva in patients with… PMID:40952889 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Farhood et al., 2020 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Farhood et al., 2020 [Radioimmunoassay of arginine vasopressin in unextracted random urine: clinical application for discrimination of diabetes insipidus]. PMID:2020141 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| George et al., 2021 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| George et al., 2021 Electroencephalographic changes and periodontal status during short-term vitamin B-6 depletion of young, nonpregnant women. PMID:2021133 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gholinezhad et al., 2020 [Effect of cortisol on adenylate cyclase and 3',5'-AMP phosphodiesterase activity and 3',5'-AMP concentration in tissues and biological… PMID:202090 | 1977 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gottumukkala et al. 2013 Interventricular coronary steal induced by stenosis of left anterior descending coronary artery in exercising pigs. PMID:2013153 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gottumukkala et al. 2013 Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of two controlled release devices: Chlorhexidine chips and indigenous curcumin based collagen as… PMID:24963242 | 2014 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Grassi et al., 2025 [Drugs for antibiotic- and chemotherapy of Q fever]. PMID:2025119 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Grassi et al., 2025 Clinical and Microbiological Study on Local Application of an Ozonated Olive Oil Gel in the Periodontal Pockets: A Randomized Double-Blind… PMID:40806807 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Grover et al. 2016 Characterization of the sugarcane streak agent as a distinct geminivirus. PMID:2016148 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Grover et al. 2016 Effect of Subgingivally Delivered 10% Emblica officinalis Gel as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in the Treatment of Chronic… PMID:26914986 | 2016 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gunjal et al., 2024 Three-dimensional readout of flash x-ray images of living sperm in water by atomic-force microscopy. PMID:2024121 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gunjal et al., 2024 Comparison of the effectiveness of Morus alba and chlorhexidine gels as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on stage II periodontitis -… PMID:38225885 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Gupta et al., 2025 Coordinate synthesis of corticotropins and endorphins by mouse pituitary tumor cells. PMID:202593 | 1978 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Guru et al., 2020 [Clinical application of 99mTc-SQ30,217 myocardial imaging--a study of pharmacokinetics and imaging time]. PMID:2020138 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ivanaga et al., 2019 Corneal graft survival in HLA-A- and HLA-B-matched transplantations in high-risk cases with retrospective review of HLA-DR compatibility. PMID:2019116 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ivanaga et al., 2019 Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with curcumin and LED, as an enhancement to scaling and root planing in the treatment of… PMID:31301434 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Javid et al., 2019 Thyroid hormone-induced supersensitivity to the cardiac phosphorylase-activating effect of adrenergic amines. PMID:201991 | 1976 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Javid et al., 2019 Impact of resveratrol supplementation on inflammatory, antioxidant, and periodontal markers in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic… PMID:31405706 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kaipa et al., 2022 Adverse reactions to vitamin E and aloe vera preparations after dermabrasion and chemical peel. PMID:2022130 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kaipa et al., 2022 Antioxidant effect of spirulina in chronic periodontitis. PMID:36550811 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Katariya et al., 2024 [Drug overdosage]. PMID:2024126 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Katariya et al., 2024 Efficacy of Locally Delivered Aloe Vera Hydrogel in Patients With Chronic Periodontitis: A Prospective Clinical Study. PMID:38803761 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Laky et al., 2023 Moment analysis of drug disposition in kidney. V: In vivo transepithelial transport of p-aminohippurate in rat kidney. PMID:2023109 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Laky et al., 2023 Effect of a multinutrient supplement as an adjunct to nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis: A randomized placebo-controlled clinical… PMID:37439597 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Lucchesi et al., 2025 Immunoadsorbent purification of the carcinoembryonic antigen. PMID:202561 | 1977 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Lucchesi et al., 2025 Impact of systemic resveratrol on non-surgical periodontal treatment of smokers: A 12-month randomized clinical trial. PMID:40884630 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mahendra et al. 2013 Chronic pulmonary thromboembolism in dogs treated with tranexamic acid. PMID:2013154 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mahendra et al., 2017 Nerve abscess in lepromatous leprosy. A case report and a discussion of pathogenesis. PMID:201799 | 1977 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mahendra et al., 2017 Clinical and microbiological efficacy of 4% Garcinia mangostana L. pericarp gel as local drug delivery in the treatment of chronic… PMID:28321995 | 2017 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mahendra et al., 2020 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mahendra et al., 2020 [Intestinal T-cell lymphoma (so-called malignant histiocytosis of the intestine) complicated by multiple perforations]. PMID:2020115 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Manjunatha et al., 2022 Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. PMID:2022128 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Manjunatha et al., 2022 Clinical and antioxidant efficacy of 4% mangosteen gel as a local drug delivery in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A… PMID:35359035 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Matesanz et al. 2013 Morphological changes and smooth muscle cell proliferation after experimental excimer laser treatment. PMID:2013155 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Matesanz et al. 2013 A randomized clinical trial on the clinical and microbiological efficacy of a xanthan gel with chlorhexidine for subgingival use. PMID:22350036 | 2013 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mohammad, 2020 [Bone infarction and fat island appearing as local defects in radionuclide bone marrow imaging]. PMID:2020140 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mohammad, 2020 Efficacy of Curcumin Gel on Zinc, Magnesium, Copper, IL-1β, and TNF-α in Chronic Periodontitis Patients. PMID:33083489 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mohammed et al., 2025 [Inactivation of aminoglycosides by beta-lactams of the penicillin and cephalosporin groups]. PMID:2025108 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Nafade et al., 2022 The effect of oolong tea as an adjunct to nonsurgical management of chronic periodontitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial DOI:10.34172/jhp.2022.30 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Nafade et al., 2022 Diclofenac delays healing of gastroduodenal mucosal lesions. Double-blind, placebo-controlled endoscopic study in healthy volunteers. PMID:2022160 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Nakao et al., 2020 [Cardioversion]. PMID:202097 | 1977 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Nakao et al., 2020 Effect of topical administration of propolis in chronic periodontitis. PMID:32112365 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Niazi et al., 2020 [Reconstruction and its prognosis in patients undergoing resection of tracheal bifurcation]. PMID:2020142 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Niazi et al., 2020 Antimicrobial efficacy of indocyanine green-mediated photodynamic therapy compared with Salvadora persica gel application in the treatment… PMID:31978565 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Patel et al. 2012 Senile accommodative degeneration (SAD). PMID:2012156 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Pauly et al., 2025 [Stereochemistry and synthesis of polyene macrolide antibiotics]. PMID:2025120 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Pauly et al., 2025 Punica granatum: An Adjunct in the Non-Surgical Management of Chronic Periodontitis. PMID:40655708 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Petrović et al., 2025 Prolonged preservation of canine lung allografts: the role of prostaglandins. PMID:2025103 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Petrović et al., 2025 Microbiological and Clinical Short-Term Evaluation of the Efficacy of an Herbal Tincture as an Adjunctive Treatment in the Management of… PMID:41011761 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Pradeep et al., 2016 Adjunctive Local Delivery of Aloe Vera Gel in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical… PMID:26447752 | 2016 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Qamar et al., 2021 Development of a dietary model for the study of mild zinc deficiency in humans and evaluation of some biochemical and functional indices… PMID:2021137 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Qamar et al., 2021 Clinical Evaluation of the Effects of Topical Indocyanine-green Mediated Photosensitiser vs Aloe Vera Gel as Adjunct Therapy to Scaling… PMID:34585874 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rahalkar et al., 2021 Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of free-living subjects consuming olestra. PMID:2021135 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rassameemasmaung et al., 2008 Topical application of Garcinia mangostana L. pericarp gel as an adjunct to periodontal treatment. PMID:19186342 | 2008 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rassameemasmaung et al., 2008 The acute effects of central- and peripheral-acting dopamine antagonists on plasma HVA in schizophrenic patients. PMID:2008157 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rathod et al., 2024 Identification of p53 gene mutations in bladder cancers and urine samples. PMID:2024123 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rathod et al., 2024 Comparative evaluation of herbal gel as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in Stage III periodontitis: A randomized split-mouth… PMID:40313342 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rattanasuwan et al., 2016 Transplantation of photoreceptors labeled with tritiated thymidine into RCS rats. PMID:2016147 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rattanasuwan et al., 2016 Clinical effect of locally delivered gel containing green tea extract as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment. PMID:25523604 | 2016 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rayyan et al., 2018 Interactions of oxidant stress and vascular reactivity. PMID:2018144 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Rayyan et al., 2018 Efficacy of grape seed extract gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A randomized clinical study. PMID:29349878 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sahu et al., 2023 Sensitivity analysis for physiologically based pharmacokinetic models. PMID:2023106 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Saini et al., 2021 Plasma amino acid concentrations in healthy elderly men and women. PMID:2021131 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sanghani et al. 2014 Health from the hive: propolis as an adjuvant in the treatment of chronic periodontitis - a clinicomicrobiologic study. PMID:25386520 | 2014 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sanjay et al., 2025 [Erythromycin pharmacokinetics in children after rectal and oral administration]. PMID:2025118 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sanjay et al., 2025 Clinical Study Comparing Herbal Plant Extract as a Supportive Treatment for Chronic Periodontitis. PMID:40511098 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Scribante et al., 2025 Differential utilization of 1-palmitoyl and 1-stearoyl homologues of various unsaturated 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols for phosphatidylcholine… PMID:202595 | 1978 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Scribante et al., 2025 Home Efficacy of a Postbiotic-Based Gel Compared with a Gel Without Active Ingredients for the Treatment of Gingival Inflammation in… PMID:39996936 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sharma et al., 2021 Efficacy of 3% Psidium guajava local drug delivery in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A randomized controlled trial DOI:10.4103/jioh.jioh_249_20 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sharma et al., 2021 Autonomic nervous system dysregulation in human hypertension. PMID:2021114 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Shirodkar et al., 2024 Mortality among the elderly in Sweden by social class. PMID:2024159 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Shirodkar et al., 2024 Effect of Hesperidin as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing on Clinical Parameters and Serum C-Reactive Protein Level in Chronic… PMID:39926929 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Singh et al., 2018 Roles of neutral endopeptidase in airways. PMID:2018145 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sravya et al., 2019 Alpha-adrenergic reduction of cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels in rat ventricular myocardial cells. PMID:201994 | 1976 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sreedhar et al., 2015 Optimal dose of lignocaine for preventing pain on injection of propofol. PMID:2015149 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sreedhar et al., 2015 Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of curcumin gel with and without photo activation as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the… PMID:26604595 | 2015 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Stańdo-Retecka et al., 2023 Analysis of arterial-venous blood concentration difference of drugs based on recirculatory theory with fast inverse Laplace transform… PMID:2023110 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Taalab et al., 2021 Vitamin B-6 deficiency impairs interleukin 2 production and lymphocyte proliferation in elderly adults. PMID:2021134 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Taalab et al., 2021 Intrapocket application of tea tree oil gel in the treatment of stage 2 periodontitis. PMID:33952216 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Taleghani et al., 2018 A family study of DSM-III-R schizoaffective disorder, depressive type, compared with schizophrenia and psychotic and nonpsychotic major… PMID:2018162 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Taleghani et al., 2018 Impact of green tea intake on clinical improvement in chronic periodontitis: A randomized clinical trial. PMID:29723659 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Tawfik et al., 2019 Use of femoral venous catheters in critically ill adults: prospective study. PMID:2019143 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Tawfik et al., 2019 Lycopene solid lipid microparticles with enhanced effect on gingival crevicular fluid protein carbonyl as a biomarker of oxidative stress… PMID:30633595 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Thakuria et al., 2024 Fatal sibling aggression, precocial development, and androgens in neonatal spotted hyenas. PMID:2024122 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Thakuria et al., 2024 Comparative Evaluation of Subgingivally Delivered Tetracycline Fibers and Aloe Vera Gel as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing in… PMID:39926756 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Thippeswamy et al., 2025 Evaluation of Ocimum sanctum local drug delivery as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A… DOI:10.4103/ijnpnd.ijnpnd_50_24 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Thippeswamy et al., 2025 Simplified method for femoral venous cannulation. PMID:2025102 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Tyagi et al., 2021 Selenium in diet, blood, and toenails in relation to human health in a seleniferous area. PMID:2021136 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Verma et al., 2022 Centipede bites in Japan. PMID:2022129 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Yaghini et al., 2014 Localization of arginine biosynthetic enzymes in renal proximal tubules and abundance of mRNA during development. PMID:2014150 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Yousef et al., 2024 The adjunctive effect of frankincense extract gel to nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized clinical study DOI:10.4103/tdj.tdj_28_24 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Yousef et al., 2024 Ultrasound of the prostate--applications and indications. PMID:2024104 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Zare Javid et al., 2017 A heparin sulfate-regulated human keratinocyte autocrine factor is similar or identical to amphiregulin. PMID:2017164 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Zare Javid et al., 2017 The Impact of Resveratrol Supplementation on Blood Glucose, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Triglyceride, and Periodontal Markers in Type 2… PMID:27807887 | 2017 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Zare Javid et al., 2019 Evidence for opposing influences of cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP on force of contraction in mammalian myocardium. PMID:201992 | 1976 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Zare Javid et al., 2019 The effects of ginger supplementation on inflammatory, antioxidant, and periodontal parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with… PMID:32021341 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match). Only the non-Cochrane dental reviews have study lists, so overlap with Cochrane reviews is not counted yet.
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Patients with a clinical diagnosis of periodontitis, including those with evenly distributed systemic conditions | Patients with periodontitis (90 RCTs; 33 in the meta-analysis) |
| Intervention | SRP combined with adjunctive natural products/herbal medicine (local, systemic or rinse-based) or other pharmaceutical preparations | SRP plus curcumin, tulsi, resveratrol, O. sanctum, omega-3, Aloe vera, herbal formulations, grape seed extract or ginger (pooled); other natural products synthesized narratively |
| Comparison | SRP alone | SRP alone |
| Outcomes | PPD, CAL, BOP (main outcomes); PI also pooled | PPD, CAL, BOP, PI |
| Study designs | Randomized controlled clinical trials | RCTs (parallel-group, split-mouth and split-pocket) |
| Timing | Not specified | 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 8 weeks |
AMSTAR 2 items
Two independent extractors rated each item. Their ratings are shown side by side because they have not been reconciled yet. The overall rating follows Shea et al. 2017: one critical flaw gives Low, more than one gives Critically Low.
| Item | Extractor A | Extractor B | Agree |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Research question includes PICO components | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 2Protocol established before the reviewcritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 3Choice of study designs explained | No | No | yes |
| 4Comprehensive literature searchcritical | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 5Study selection in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 6Data extraction in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 7List of excluded studies with reasonscritical | No | No | yes |
| 8Included studies described in detail | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 9Risk of bias assessed satisfactorilycritical | RCT: Yes · NRSI: N/A | NRSI: N/A · RCT: Yes | no |
| 10Funding of included studies reported | No | No | yes |
| 11Appropriate meta-analysis methodscritical | RCT: No · NRSI: N/A | NRSI: N/A · RCT: No | no |
| 12Impact of risk of bias on the pooled results | No | No | yes |
| 13Risk of bias accounted for in interpretationcritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 14Heterogeneity explained | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 15Publication bias investigatedcritical | No | No | yes |
| 16Conflicts of interest reported | Yes | Yes | yes |
| Overall | Critically Low | Critically Low | yes |