Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

173 questions · 180 findings · 91 reviews

No studies found 50 · 27.8%GRADE not reported 15 · 8.3%Very low 56 · 31.1%Low 42 · 23.3%Moderate 13 · 7.2%High 4 · 2.2%

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 1.14) · people with stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 2.16) compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Educational intervention with information and practical components (theoretical oral health education plus practical skills training) for nursing staff and/or residents vs usual care

Adverse events: Clinically important specific adverse events · People with serious mental illness (all included participants had schizophrenia); majority aged 18 to 65 years per NIMH 1987, or with…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Treatment‐related adverse events Anxiety: GAD‐7 (Spitzer 2006) · children, adolescents or adults with CF

Summary of findings: psychological interventions showed no clear difference in treatment‐related adverse events Anxiety: GAD‐7 (Spitzer 2006) compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) · people with depression after stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (secondary outcome) compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Treatment‐related adverse events Depression PHQ‐8 (Kroenke 2009) · children, adolescents or adults with CF

Summary of findings: psychological interventions showed no clear difference in treatment‐related adverse events Depression PHQ‐8 (Kroenke 2009) compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component intervention vs other treatments/routine care

Number of participants experiencing any serious adverse events · the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Multi‐component intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events: number of people experiencing a serious adverse event compared with other intervention or routine, usual care or control treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids vs placebo or usual care

Number of participants with adverse events ‐ superinfection (up to longest · children and adults with sepsis

Corticosteroids showed no clear difference in number of participants with adverse events ‐ superinfection (up to… compared with placebo or usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early warning systems (EWS) and rapid response systems (RRS) vs usual care

Adverse events (unexpected cardiac or respiratory arrest) – non‐randomised studies ( · adult on acute hospital wards at risk of clinical deterioration
2 findings from 1 review