Cochrane Review Group

Airways

216 systematic reviews in Airways ask 2,325 questions. 10.7% have no studies to answer them, 11.9% rest on very low certainty evidence and 40.5% reach moderate or high certainty.

Reviews

216

Questions

2,325

current versions

No studies

10.7%

Moderate or high

40.5%

No studies 249 · 10.7%Ungraded 107 · 4.6%Very low 276 · 11.9%Low 751 · 32.3%Moderate 718 · 30.9%High 224 · 9.6%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Search questions in Airways

Thinnest evidence

All no studies and very low questions

Question	Effect	Evidence	Status / GRADE
Psychological interventions vs usual care, no intervention, or treatment with no psychological component Symptoms of anxiety · adolescents with asthma Psychological interventions for asthma in children and adolescents (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	5 studies · 431 participants	Very low
Psychological interventions vs usual care, no intervention, or treatment with no psychological component Symptoms of depression · adolescents with asthma Psychological interventions for asthma in children and adolescents (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	2 studies · 166 participants	Very low
Psychological interventions vs usual care, no intervention, or treatment with no psychological component Medical contacts Assessed as hospital admissions, ED presentations or asthma‐related urgent care visits. · adolescents with asthma Psychological interventions for asthma in children and adolescents (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	5 studies · 636 participants	Very low
Psychological interventions vs usual care, no intervention, or treatment with no psychological component Asthma attacks · adolescents with asthma Psychological interventions for asthma in children and adolescents (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	3 studies · 129 participants	Very low
Psychological interventions vs usual care, no intervention, or treatment with no psychological component Asthma symptoms · adolescents with asthma Psychological interventions for asthma in children and adolescents (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	11 studies · 720 participants	Very low
Psychological interventions vs usual care, no intervention, or treatment with no psychological component Medication use · adolescents with asthma Psychological interventions for asthma in children and adolescents (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	8 studies · 822 participants	Very low
Psychological interventions vs usual care, no intervention, or treatment with no psychological component Quality of life · adolescents with asthma Psychological interventions for asthma in children and adolescents (2024) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	6 studies · 653 participants	Very low
Triple therapy vs LABA/LAMA combination Outcomes (weighted · people with stable COPD Inhaled corticosteroids with combination inhaled long‐acting beta2‐agonists and long‐acting muscarinic… (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors vs inactive control cAHI · adults with central sleep apnoea associated with heart failure Pharmacological treatment for central sleep apnoea in adults (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	1 study · 12 participants	Very low
Anxiolytics vs inactive control Cardiovascular mortality · adults with central sleep apnoea associated with heart failure Pharmacological treatment for central sleep apnoea in adults (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Anxiolytics vs inactive control Serious adverse events · adults with central sleep apnoea associated with heart failure Pharmacological treatment for central sleep apnoea in adults (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies
Anxiolytics vs inactive control Quality of sleep · adults with central sleep apnoea associated with heart failure Pharmacological treatment for central sleep apnoea in adults (2023) · Cochrane	no estimate extracted	NR	No studies

Reviews 216

Pulmonary rehabilitation for interstitial lung disease

Dowman, L, Hill, CJ, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2021

Airways

Thinnest evidence

Reviews 216

Pulmonary rehabilitation for interstitial lung disease

Regular treatment with formoterol and an inhaled corticosteroid versus regular treatment with salmeterol and an inhaled corticosteroid for chronic asthma: serious adverse events

Integrated disease management interventions for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Anti‐interleukin‐13 and anti‐interleukin‐4 agents versus placebo, anti‐interleukin‐5 or anti‐immunoglobulin‐E agents, for people with asthma

Telerehabilitation for chronic respiratory disease

Exercise training for bronchiectasis

Non‐invasive positive airway pressure therapy for improving erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea

Telehealth interventions: remote monitoring and consultations for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Interventions to improve adherence to pharmacological therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Tailored or adapted interventions for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and at least one other long‐term condition: a mixed methods review

Individual‐level interventions to reduce personal exposure to outdoor air pollution and their effects on people with long‐term respiratory conditions

Combination fixed‐dose beta agonist and steroid inhaler as required for adults or children with mild asthma

Supervised maintenance programmes following pulmonary rehabilitation compared to usual care for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Breathing exercises for adults with asthma

Phosphodiesterase‐4 inhibitors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Oxygen therapy in the pre‐hospital setting for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Anti‐inflammatory medications for obstructive sleep apnoea in children

Educational, supportive and behavioural interventions to improve usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines in adults with obstructive sleep apnoea

Sublingual immunotherapy for asthma

Interventions for promoting physical activity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Proton pump inhibitors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Statins for asthma

Anti‐IL‐5 therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Myofunctional therapy (oropharyngeal exercises) for obstructive sleep apnoea