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2,745 questions · 4,389 findings · 203 reviews · Dental caries

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No studies found 39 · 0.9%GRADE not reported 3,844 · 87.6%Very low 198 · 4.5%Low 137 · 3.1%Moderate 134 · 3.1%High 37 · 0.8%

Not applicable (single-group prevalence) vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Dental caries prevalence · Children (<18 years) with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in India

Dental caries affects about 64% of children with IDD in India (pooled prevalence 0.64, 95% CI 0.45-0.79; high heterogeneity; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Prenatal vitamin D deficiency (low maternal 25(OH)D during pregnancy) vs Adequate prenatal vitamin D (sufficient maternal 25(OH)D)

Dental caries prevalence · Children aged 2 to 8 years

The review reported 44% dental caries prevalence among children of mothers with low prenatal vitamin D.

2 findings from 1 review

Not applicable (single-group prevalence) vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Periodontal disease prevalence · Children (<18 years) with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) in India

In the single study reporting it, periodontal disease prevalence was 54.2% (single study; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Presence of oral Candida albicans vs Absence of oral Candida albicans

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children aged ≤6 years (early childhood)

RETRACTED. Among studies before 2017, oral C. albicans presence was associated with higher odds of ECC (OR 4.89, 95% CI 2.79-8.58); ungraded subgroup from a retracted review.

16 findings from 1 review
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Cranberry extract or cranberry flavonoid fractions vs No extract or vehicle control; other antimicrobial agents

Bacterial cell death · Streptococcus mutans (in vitro cultures and biofilms)

No meta-analysis was conducted; one included study reported time- and concentration-dependent bacterial-count reduction with cranberry extract.

1 finding from 1 review

Opal Seal fluoride-releasing primer vs Conventional Transbond XT primer

White spot lesion area · Orthodontic patients of any age with fixed braces (new DLs assessed at debond)

Opal Seal showed no significant difference in WSL area, with certainty not graded.

1 finding from 1 review

Not applicable (single-group prevalence) vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Early childhood caries experience (mean dmft) · Children younger than 71 months (under 6 years)

Mean dmft was lowest (1.62 teeth) in low-inequality countries by Gini index.

16 findings from 1 review
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Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Fluoride varnish

Caries arrestment at the tooth level · Children and adults with active dental caries (aged 1-50; mostly preschool/school children with primary dentition)

In one trial, SDF increased tooth-level caries arrestment versus 5% sodium fluoride varnish (OR 4.75; ungraded subgroup).

1 finding from 1 review

Orthodontic adhesives containing nano-amorphous calcium phosphate (n-ACP) particles/nanoparticles vs Conventional/control orthodontic adhesive (e.g., Transbond XT) or negative control

Enamel remineralization extent · Human enamel specimens around orthodontic brackets (in vitro)

In vitro, n-ACP-containing orthodontic adhesives showed significant enamel remineralization versus control in both studies, but evidence is weak (only 2 studies; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Prenatal vitamin D deficiency (low maternal 25(OH)D during pregnancy) vs Adequate prenatal vitamin D (sufficient maternal 25(OH)D)

Dental caries in children · Infants and children (aged about 2 to 8 years) whose mothers' vitamin D status was assessed during pregnancy

For prenatal vitamin D measured across gestational weeks 6-38, the OR of dental caries was 1.32 (no CI reported); ungraded.

3 findings from 1 review

Pulpotomy (full or partial) vs None (single-arm success proportion)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Permanent teeth with carious pulp exposure

Hemostasis within 6 min gave the highest success (90.4%), but the difference across hemostasis-time groups was not significant (ungraded).

13 findings from 1 review
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Orthodontic adhesives containing bioactive glass (BAG) particles/nanoparticles (including Ag-, Zn-, fluoride-, or Ga-doped BAG) vs Conventional/control orthodontic adhesive (e.g., Transbond XT) or negative control

Enamel remineralization / anti-demineralization extent · Human enamel specimens around orthodontic brackets (in vitro)

In vitro, most bioactive glass-containing orthodontic adhesives (9 of 13 studies) showed significant enamel remineralization/anti-demineralization versus control, but the evidence is weak (predominantly high risk of bias, methodological heterogeneity, no meta-analysis; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral cancer patients (cases) vs Healthy controls

Periodontal parameters (all measures pooled) in OC cases vs controls · Adults in case-control studies (oral cancer patients vs healthy controls)

Pooling all periodontal measures, oral cancer patients had worse periodontal status than controls (SMD 0.95, 95% CI 0.41-1.49; very high heterogeneity, I2=96.8%); ungraded. Note this pools clinically different measures.

1 finding from 1 review

Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) status and its oral microbiota (exposure/grouping) vs Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years without CLP (controls)

Streptococcus mutans count · Children and adolescents aged 0-18 years with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP)

A meta-analysis of 2 studies found no difference in mean Streptococcus mutans levels between children with and without CLP, with very high heterogeneity; the evidence is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) vs Control (placebo/no treatment or other topical fluoride agents)

Prevention of new caries (caries development/increment) · Preschool children (primary dentition) at risk of new caries

Limited evidence from two trials suggests SDF may help prevent new caries, but preventive efficacy was not meta-analyzed and remains uncertain (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Not applicable (single-group prevalence) vs Not applicable (single-group prevalence)

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children younger than 71 months (under 6 years)

Pooled ECC prevalence in Europe was 36% (95% CI 25-47).

16 findings from 1 review
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Mandibular third molar present vs Mandibular third molar absent

Spontaneous space closure · Children and adolescents after extraction of a mandibular permanent first molar (before eruption of the second molar)

In the mandible, presence of the third molar increases odds of spontaneous space closure (OR 2.28; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review