Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,155 questions · 1,191 findings · 195 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 209 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 51 · 4.3%Very low 256 · 21.5%Low 273 · 22.9%Moderate 284 · 23.8%High 118 · 9.9%

Tacrolimus 0.03% vs corticosteroids

Physician's assessment of global response of improvement, clear or excellent ‐ 6 weeks · people with atopic dermatitis

It is very uncertain whether tacrolimus 0.03% changes physician's assessment of global response of improvement, clear or… compared with corticosteroids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Target of exercise: hip + knee vs knee exercises

Recovery long‐term Number of patients at least moderately better · patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (symptoms > 1 month (3 studies); symptoms > 2 months (1 study); symptoms > 3 months (2…

It is very uncertain whether target of exercise: hip + knee changes recovery long‐term Number of patients at least moderately better compared with knee exercises (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

At least 30% reduction in pain or equivalent (moderate) · adults with fibromyalgia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Subcutaneous omalizumab + steroid vs placebo + steroid (stable steroid)

Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · people with asthma

Subcutaneous omalizumab + steroid probably leads to lower number of participants with at least one exacerbation Moderate to… compared with placebo + steroid (stable steroid) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

"Moderate" benefit At least 30% reduction in pain · adults with neuropathic pain (Trigeminal neuralgia, painful diabetic neuropathy, chronic post stroke pain)
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

"Moderate" benefit At least 30% reduction in pain · Adults with cancer pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Nalbuphine vs placebo

Number of patients with moderate/severe pain (1 hour postoperatively) · children undergoing surgery

Nalbuphine may leads to lower number of patients with moderate/severe pain (1 hour postoperatively) compared with placebo (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Nalbuphine vs morphine

Number of patients with moderate/severe pain (1 hour postoperatively) · children undergoing surgery

Nalbuphine showed no clear difference in number of patients with moderate/severe pain (1 hour postoperatively) compared with morphine (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

High dose clonidine vs low dose clonidine

Number requiring additional analgesia required postoperatively ‐ moderate quality studies · patients with postoperative pain

High dose clonidine may leads to lower number requiring additional analgesia required postoperatively ‐… compared with low dose clonidine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Canakinumab vs triamcinolone acetonide

Inflammation: participants with no swelling at 72 hours (canakinumab 150 mg) Assessed by the investigator as no swelling, mild/palpable, moderate/visible, severe/bulging beyond the joint margins · acute gout

Canakinumab probably leads to higher inflammation: participants with no swelling at 72 hours (canakinumab… compared with triamcinolone acetonide (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

"Moderate" benefit At least 30% reduction in pain · neuropathic pain (5 studies in painful diabetic neuropathy and polyneuropathy)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Patient Global Impression of Change much or very much improved (patient global evaluation of pain relief complete, good or moderate) · neuropathic pain (6 studies in central neuropathic pain due to multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, polyneuropathy, central post‐stroke…
1 finding from 1 review