Cochrane · systematic review · CD009633
Clonidine premedication for postoperative analgesia in children
Lambert, P, Cyna, AM, Knight, N, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2014 · Cochrane Library
AnaesthesiaAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
14
current version
GRADE rated
13
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 1 · 7.1%Very low 0 · 0%Low 7 · 50%Moderate 6 · 42.9%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Clonidine compared to placebo or no treatment for postoperative analgesia in children
Population: patients with postoperative pain
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number requiring additional analgesia at any time postoperatively ‐ low dose clonidine Clonidine vs placebo or no treatment | RR 1 [0.78, 1.28] | 1 study · 45 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Number requiring additional analgesia at any time postoperatively ‐ high dose clonidine Clonidine vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.24 [0.11, 0.51] | 3 studies · 205 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Number requiring additional analgesia at any time postoperatively ‐ high dose clonidine, studies with lower risk of bias Clonidine vs placebo or no treatment | RR 0.24 [0.09, 0.69] | 2 studies · 160 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Postoperative pain score ‐ low dose clonidine Clonidine vs placebo or no treatment | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 45 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Postoperative pain score ‐ high dose clonidine Clonidine vs placebo or no treatment | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 145 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
Clonidine compared to midazolam for postoperative analgesia in children
Population: patients with postoperative pain
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number requiring additional analgesia at any time postoperatively ‐ low dose clonidine Clonidine vs midazolam | RR 0.25 [0.09, 0.71] | 1 study · 30 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Number requiring additional analgesia at any time postoperatively ‐ high dose clonidine Clonidine vs midazolam | RR 0.25 [0.09, 0.71] | 1 study · 30 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Haemodynamic or respiratory changes requiring intervention Clonidine vs midazolam | RR 0.55 [0.31, 0.97] | 1 study · 134 participants | Moderate |
Clonidine compared to fentanyl for postoperative analgesia in children
Population: patients with postoperative pain
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number requiring additional analgesia at any time postoperatively Clonidine vs fentanyl | RR 0.89 [0.56, 1.42] | 1 study · 36 participants | Moderate |
Number requiring opioids postoperatively Clonidine vs fentanyl | RR 0.89 [0.56, 1.42] | 1 study · 36 participants | Moderate |
Single, small study. Clonidine vs fentanyl | no estimate extracted | 1 participants | Ungraded |
High dose clonidine compared to low dose clonidine for postoperative analgesia in children
Population: patients with postoperative pain
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number requiring additional analgesia required postoperatively ‐ all studies High dose clonidine vs low dose clonidine | RR 0.49 [0.22, 1.11] | 2 studies · 90 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Number requiring additional analgesia required postoperatively ‐ moderate quality studies High dose clonidine vs low dose clonidine | RR 0.38 [0.23, 0.65] | 1 study · 60 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |
Postoperative pain score High dose clonidine vs low dose clonidine | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias |