Cochrane · systematic review · CD009583
Nalbuphine for postoperative pain treatment in children
Schnabel, A, Reichl, SU, Zahn, PK, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2014 · Cochrane Library
Pain, Palliative and Supportive CareAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
21
current version
GRADE rated
21
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 0 · 0%Very low 3 · 14.3%Low 18 · 85.7%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Nalbuphine compared with placebo
Population: children undergoing surgery
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients with moderate/severe pain (1 hour postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs placebo | RR 0.1 [0.01, 0.71] | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
Number of patients with moderate/severe pain (2 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs placebo | RR 0.14 [0.02, 1.06] | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
Number of patients with the need for rescue analgesia (2 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs placebo | RR 0.47 [0.27, 0.84] | 1 study · 76 participants | Low |
Number of patients with the need for rescue analgesia (12 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs placebo | RR 0.06 [0, 0.94] | 1 study · 16 participants | Low |
Number of patients with postoperative nausea and vomiting (postoperative care unit) Nalbuphine vs placebo | RR 1 [0.16, 6.42] | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
Number of patients with postoperative nausea and vomiting (24 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs placebo | RR 0.59 [0.12, 2.83] | 1 study · 37 participants | Low |
Nalbuphine compared with morphine
Population: children undergoing surgery
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients with moderate/severe pain (1 hour postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs morphine | RR 0.84 [0.12, 5.74] | 2 studies · 90 participants | Low |
Number of patients with moderate/severe pain (2 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs morphine | RR 1.09 [0.59, 2.01] | 2 studies · 90 participants | Low |
Number of patients with the need for rescue analgesia (12 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs morphine | RR 0.61 [0.37, 1.01] | 1 study · 50 participants | Low |
Number of patients with postoperative nausea and vomiting (postoperative care unit) Nalbuphine vs morphine | RR 1.33 [0.64, 2.77] | 2 studies · 90 participants | Low |
Number of patients with postoperative nausea and vomiting (24 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs morphine | RR 1.2 [0.8, 1.8] | 1 study · 50 participants | Low |
Nalbuphine compared with tramadol
Population: children undergoing surgery
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients with moderate/severe pain (1 hour postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs tramadol | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low |
Number of patients with the need for rescue analgesia (2 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs tramadol | RR 0.75 [0.39, 1.43] | 1 study · 76 participants | Low |
Number of patients with the need for rescue analgesia (12 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs tramadol | RR 0.33 [0.04, 2.77] | 1 study · 24 participants | Low |
Number of patients with the need for rescue analgesia (24 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs tramadol | RR 1.45 [0.5, 4.16] | 2 studies · 110 participants | Low |
Number of patients with postoperative nausea and vomiting (24 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs tramadol | RR 0.5 [0.11, 2.23] | 1 study · 24 participants | Low |
Nalbuphine compared with pethidine
Population: children undergoing surgery
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients with moderate/severe pain (1 hour postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs pethidine | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low |
Number of patients with the need for rescue analgesia (2 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs pethidine | RR 1.07 [0.52, 2.23] | 1 study · 77 participants | Low |
Number of patients with the need for rescue analgesia (24 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs pethidine | RR 1.13 [0.52, 2.44] | 1 study · 50 participants | Very low |
Nalbuphine compared with piritramid
Population: children undergoing surgery
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients with the need for rescue analgesia (24 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs piritramid | RR 8.17 [0.45, 147.76] | 1 study · 37 participants | Low |
Number of patients with postoperative nausea and vomiting (24 hours postoperatively) Nalbuphine vs piritramid | RR 0.59 [0.12, 2.83] | 1 study · 37 participants | Low |