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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,556 questions · 10,375 findings · 429 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 1,344 · 13%GRADE not reported 6,832 · 65.9%Very low 1,228 · 11.8%Low 613 · 5.9%Moderate 290 · 2.8%High 68 · 0.7%

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Bio-active restorative materials vs Any restorative material or technique

Not applicable (no eligible studies) · Children with carious primary teeth (no pulp therapy)

No eligible RCTs assessed new bio-active restorative materials in carious primary teeth; this is an evidence gap identified by the review.

1 finding from 1 review

Pulpotomy (full or partial) vs None (single-arm pooled success proportion)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Human permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis and open (immature) root apex due to carious pulp exposure

In open-apex teeth, pooled pulpotomy success was 95.8% (95% CI 81-99%); significantly higher than closed apex (z=2.33, p=0.02); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Single-visit root canal treatment vs Multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits)

Sinus or fistula formation at last · People aged 10 years or above requiring root canal treatment; permanent teeth with completely formed apex and without internal resorption

It is very uncertain whether single-visit root canal treatment changes sinus tract or fistula formation compared with multiple-visit root canal treatment (two or more visits) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Living with HIV and undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART/HAART) vs Healthy HIV-negative controls

Oral candidiasis (WHO clinical stage 3) · Children or adolescents

CLWH on ART had markedly higher prevalence of oral candidiasis than healthy controls (pooled OR 16.94, 95% CI 5.06 to 56.70).

1 finding from 1 review

Responsive / non-responsive complementary feeding (RCF/NRCF) vs Other models of complementary feeding

Choking · Healthy, term-born, normal-birth-weight infants aged 4-24 months (breastfed and/or formula-fed) in Western industrialized countries

No systematic reviews or studies assessed choking risk for RCF or NRCF (only BLW/BLISS); this is an evidence gap.

1 finding from 1 review

Atraumatic restorative treatment vs Conventional treatment with local anaesthesia

Discomfort associated with the procedure · People with dental caries in primary teeth (mainly children)

The reported estimate for discomfort with ART versus conventional treatment was inconclusive (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Food marketing exposure or greater marketing power vs No, less, or less powerful food marketing

Dental caries · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

Across two studies, 50% showed any association of potential public health harm for dental caries (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic prophylaxis before dental procedure vs placebo or no prophylaxis

Adverse effects of antibiotics · Adults or children at increased risk of bacterial endocarditis (pre-existing cardiac condition) undergoing an invasive dental procedure

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Machine-learning algorithms for dental caries detection vs Different machine-learning algorithms for caries prediction

Post-Streptococcus mutans prediction accuracy · Dental images of human beings

The review reported 99% accuracy for post-Streptococcus mutans prediction in Javed et al. (Ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Baby-led weaning (BLW) / BLISS vs Traditional complementary feeding (TCF)

Choking · Healthy, term-born, normal-birth-weight infants aged 4-24 months (breastfed and/or formula-fed) in Western industrialized countries

No significant difference in choking risk was found between BLW/BLISS-fed and traditionally fed infants (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Full-mouth scaling (FMS): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours, without antiseptic vs Full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival instrumentation) of all quadrants within 24 hours plus adjunctive antiseptic (chlorhexidine) treatments (rinsing, pocket irrigation, tongue/tonsil brushing)

Change in probing pocket depth (PPD) · Adults with a clinical diagnosis of (chronic) periodontitis (1999 classification); studies of aggressive periodontitis, systemic disorders…

Full-mouth scaling (FMS): scaling/root planing (subgingival… showed no clear difference in change in probing pocket depth (PPD) compared with full-mouth disinfection (FMD): scaling/root planing (subgingival… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Food and nonalcoholic beverage marketing (exposure) vs No, less, or less powerful food marketing

Body weight / BMI · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

Evidence on food marketing and body weight is very uncertain (very low certainty); a single study found no association.

1 finding from 1 review

Autofluorescence-guided bone surgery vs Tetracycline fluorescence-guided bone surgery

Healing of MRONJ (mucosal integrity) · People with MRONJ referred for surgical treatment

It is very uncertain whether autofluorescence-guided bone surgery changes healing of MRONJ (mucosal integrity) compared with tetracycline fluorescence-guided bone surgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Dental caries vs Caries-free status

Beta diversity and community composition · Participants in oral 16S rRNA caries microbiome studies

Beta-diversity matrices showed statistically significant ADONIS results, while clustering by study and 16S region was also observed; no pooled effect estimate was reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Resin infiltration vs Pre-treatment baseline before infiltration (T0); pooled as a within-arm before/after change

Lightness/brightness change of white spot lesion (luminosity L*, T0 to T1) · Patients with post-orthodontic white spot lesions and permanent dentition

ICON resin infiltration showed no statistically significant change in lightness/brightness of post-orthodontic white spot lesions at 6 months (pooled Cohen's d/SMD -0.001, 95% CI -0.23 to 0.23; 3 studies, 330 teeth; I2=97%); not GRADE-rated.

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Oral hairy leukoplakia prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No eligible studies compared oral hairy leukoplakia between different ART regimens.

1 finding from 1 review