Non-Cochrane · prevalence · PM36529722
Dental caries at enamel and dentine level among European adolescents - a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Skeie Marit S, Sen Abhijit, Dahllöf Göran, et al. · BMC oral health · 2022 · PubMed · doi:10.1186/s12903-022-02631-2
Full textEvery question was extracted from the full text, figures and supplements by two independent LLM extractors, disagreements adjudicated. Rows cite where in the review the value comes from.
Questions
56
current version
GRADE rated
0
No studies
0
Included studies
30
linked below
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 56 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Adolescents 12–19 years living in Europe (permanent teeth; enamel caries included in the caries definition, per CoCoPop) | European adolescents 12–19 years; 25 observational studies (30 publications), ~92,780 adolescents, 11 European countries (25%) |
| Intervention | Not applicable (descriptive prevalence review; condition = dental caries including enamel lesions) | Not applicable |
| Comparison | Not applicable (no comparator; prespecified subgroup analyses only) | Not applicable |
| Outcomes | Caries prevalence at enamel and dentine thresholds (D(M)FS>0 or D(M)FT>0); caries experience (mean D(M)FS including enamel lesions); enamel caries proportion (DeS/D(M)FS); caries distribution at individual, tooth and surface levels | Enamel-threshold prevalence 0.77 (22 studies); dentine-threshold prevalence 0.56 (15 studies); mean caries experience DMFS 5.93 (14 studies); enamel caries proportion 0.50 (7 studies); caries distribution narrative (11 studies) |
| Study designs | Observational studies (cross-sectional, case–control, prospective/retrospective cohort) and RCT control-group/baseline caries data | 25 observational studies: 18 cross-sectional, 7 cohort (2 using RCT/intervention control-group data); all observational |
| Timing | Not specified (search 1 Jan 2000–20 Sep 2021; publications 2000–2021) | Not specified (cross-sectional prevalence estimates; examinations 1990–2018) |
Search date: 1 January 2000 to 20 September 2021. Databases: Medline Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, SweMed+ (plus hand-searching of reference lists of included publications)
Questions and results
Caries assessment at enamel threshold (D(M)FS>0 or D(M)FT>0, enamel lesions included) vs None (descriptive prevalence review; subgroup analyses only)
Population: European adolescents aged 12–19 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries prevalence Age group: 12–15 years Enamel-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Age group: 12–15 years' was 0.73 (95% CI 0.59 to 0.87; 24 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, enamel caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.73 [0.59, 0.87] | 24 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Examination year: ≥ 2010 Pooled caries prevalence was 0.74 (I² = 99.9%). Source: Table 3 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.74 [0.53, 0.96] | 11 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Publication year: < 2010 Enamel-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Publication year: < 2010' was 0.83 (95% CI 0.75 to 0.89; 7 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, enamel caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.83 [0.75, 0.89] | 7 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence About 77% of European adolescents (12–19 years) had caries at the enamel threshold (pooled prevalence 0.77, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.89; 22 studies); prevalence was higher in 16–19-year-olds and in those examined before 2010 (not GRADE-rated). Source: Fig. 2 (forest plot, overall diamond); Results – Caries prevalence · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.77 [0.65, 0.89] | 22 studies · 84512 participants | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Examination year: ≥ 2010 Enamel-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Examination year: ≥ 2010' was 0.74 (95% CI 0.53 to 0.96; 11 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, enamel caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.74 [0.53, 0.96] | 11 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Publication year: ≥ 2010 Enamel-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Publication year: ≥ 2010' was 0.72 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.89; 15 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, enamel caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.72 [0.54, 0.89] | 15 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Region: Scandinavian Enamel-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Region: Scandinavian' was 0.76 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.87; 11 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, enamel caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.76 [0.65, 0.87] | 11 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Region: non-Scandinavian Enamel-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Region: non-Scandinavian' was 0.74 (95% CI 0.53 to 0.96; 11 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, enamel caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.74 [0.53, 0.96] | 11 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Examination type: partial-mouth Enamel-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Examination type: partial-mouth' was 0.81 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.91; 5 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, enamel caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.81 [0.70, 0.91] | 5 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Examination type: full-mouth Enamel-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Examination type: full-mouth' was 0.74 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.90; 17 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, enamel caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.74 [0.57, 0.90] | 17 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Age group: 16–19 years Enamel-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Age group: 16–19 years' was 0.90 (95% CI 0.85 to 0.94; 7 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, enamel caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.90 [0.85, 0.94] | 7 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Examination year: < 2010 Enamel-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Examination year: < 2010' was 0.78 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.87; 10 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, enamel caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.78 [0.70, 0.87] | 10 studies | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at dentine threshold (cavitation into dentine) vs None (descriptive prevalence review; subgroup analyses only)
Population: European adolescents aged 12–19 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries prevalence Region: non-Scandinavian Dentine-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Region: non-Scandinavian' was 0.57 (95% CI 0.32 to 0.81; 6 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, dentine caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.57 [0.32, 0.81] | 6 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Examination type: partial-mouth Dentine-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Examination type: partial-mouth' was 0.50 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.94; 3 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, dentine caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.50 [0.06, 0.94] | 3 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Publication year: ≥ 2010 Dentine-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Publication year: ≥ 2010' was 0.51 (95% CI 0.36 to 0.66; 11 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, dentine caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.51 [0.36, 0.66] | 11 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Region: Scandinavian Dentine-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Region: Scandinavian' was 0.49 (95% CI 0.32 to 0.67; 9 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, dentine caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.49 [0.32, 0.67] | 9 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Examination type: full-mouth Dentine-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Examination type: full-mouth' was 0.53 (95% CI 0.38 to 0.68; 12 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, dentine caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.53 [0.38, 0.68] | 12 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Caries prevalence at the dentine threshold was about 56% (pooled 0.56, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.68; 15 studies; not GRADE-rated). Source: Fig. 3 (forest plot, overall diamond); Results – Caries prevalence · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.56 [0.43, 0.68] | 15 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Publication year: < 2010 Dentine-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Publication year: < 2010' was 0.56 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.90; 4 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries prevalence, dentine caries threshold) · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.56 [0.22, 0.90] | 4 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience measurement (mean D(M)FS, enamel lesions included) vs None (descriptive prevalence review; subgroup analyses only)
Population: European adolescents aged 12–19 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries experience (mean DMFS) Examination type: full-mouth Mean caries experience (DMFS) in subgroup 'Examination type: full-mouth' was 6.56 (95% CI 4.55 to 9.47; 12 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries Experience) · same question in other reviews | MEAN 6.56 [4.55, 9.47] | 12 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience (mean DMFS) Age group: 16–19 years Mean caries experience (DMFS) in subgroup 'Age group: 16–19 years' was 7.61 (95% CI 3.78 to 15.30; 4 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries Experience) · same question in other reviews | MEAN 7.61 [3.78, 15.30] | 4 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience (mean DMFS) Examination type: partial-mouth Mean caries experience (DMFS) in subgroup 'Examination type: partial-mouth' was 3.53 (95% CI 1.62 to 7.70; 2 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries Experience) · same question in other reviews | MEAN 3.53 [1.62, 7.70] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience (mean DMFS) Mean caries experience was 5.93 DMFS (95% CI 4.82 to 7.28; 14 studies), significantly lower in Scandinavian (4.43) than other European (8.89) adolescents (not GRADE-rated). Source: Fig. 4 (forest plot, overall diamond); Results – Caries experience · same question in other reviews | MEAN 5.93 [4.82, 7.28] | 14 studies · 17658 participants | Ungraded |
Caries experience (mean DMFS) Examination year: ≥ 2010 Mean caries experience (DMFS) in subgroup 'Examination year: ≥ 2010' was 5.21 (95% CI 2.30 to 11.81; 6 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries Experience) · same question in other reviews | MEAN 5.21 [2.30, 11.81] | 6 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience (mean DMFS) Examination year: < 2010 Mean caries experience (DMFS) in subgroup 'Examination year: < 2010' was 7.54 (95% CI 5.46 to 10.43; 7 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries Experience) · same question in other reviews | MEAN 7.54 [5.46, 10.43] | 7 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience (mean DMFS) Publication year: ≥ 2010 Mean caries experience (DMFS) in subgroup 'Publication year: ≥ 2010' was 6.24 (95% CI 4.16 to 9.37; 10 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries Experience) · same question in other reviews | MEAN 6.24 [4.16, 9.37] | 10 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience (mean DMFS) Region: Scandinavian Mean caries experience (DMFS) in subgroup 'Region: Scandinavian' was 4.43 (95% CI 2.52 to 7.81; 8 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries Experience) · same question in other reviews | MEAN 4.43 [2.52, 7.81] | 8 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience (mean DMFS) Publication year: < 2010 Mean caries experience (DMFS) in subgroup 'Publication year: < 2010' was 5.48 (95% CI 4.27 to 8.47; 4 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries Experience) · same question in other reviews | MEAN 5.48 [4.27, 8.47] | 4 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience (mean DMFS) Age group: 12–15 years Mean caries experience (DMFS) in subgroup 'Age group: 12–15 years' was 5.58 (95% CI 4.33 to 7.21; 17 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries Experience) · same question in other reviews | MEAN 5.58 [4.33, 7.21] | 17 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience (mean DMFS) Region: non-Scandinavian Mean caries experience (DMFS) in subgroup 'Region: non-Scandinavian' was 8.89 (95% CI 6.41 to 12.33; 6 studies). Source: Table 3 (Caries Experience) · same question in other reviews | MEAN 8.89 [6.41, 12.33] | 6 studies | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at enamel threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 12 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Enamel caries proportion Exact age Pooled enamel caries proportion was 0.52 (I² = 100.0%). Source: Fig. 5 · same question in other reviews | Proportion 0.52 [0.36, 0.75] | 6 studies | Ungraded |
Enamel caries proportion of total caries experience Population: European adolescents aged 12–19 years Enamel caries made up about half of total caries experience (pooled proportion 0.50, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.65; 7 studies; higher in 12–15 than 16–19-year-olds; not GRADE-rated). Source: Fig. 5 (forest plot, overall diamond); Results – The D component—enamel caries · same question in other reviews | Proportion 0.50 [0.39, 0.65] | 7 studies · 7056 participants | Ungraded |
Enamel caries proportion of total caries experience Age group: 16–19 years Population: European adolescents aged 12–19 years Enamel caries proportion in subgroup 'Age group: 16–19 years' was 0.37 (95% CI 0.24 to 0.56; 3 studies). Source: Table 3 (Enamel caries proportion) · same question in other reviews | Proportion 0.37 [0.24, 0.56] | 3 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience Exact age Pooled caries experience was 5.62 (I² = 99.9%). Source: Fig. 4 · same question in other reviews | Mean DMFS 5.62 [3.78, 8.37] | 9 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.69 (I² = 100.0%). Source: Fig. 2 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.69 [0.49, 0.90] | 13 studies | Ungraded |
Enamel caries proportion of total caries experience Age group: 12–15 years Population: European adolescents aged 12–19 years Enamel caries proportion in subgroup 'Age group: 12–15 years' was 0.56 (95% CI 0.42 to 0.76; 8 studies). Source: Table 3 (Enamel caries proportion) · same question in other reviews | Proportion 0.56 [0.42, 0.76] | 8 studies | Ungraded |
Caries distribution assessment (individual, tooth and surface levels) vs None (descriptive prevalence review; subgroup analyses only)
Population: European adolescents aged 12–19 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries distribution (individual/tooth/surface level) Caries distribution was skewed at individual, tooth and surface levels and too heterogeneous to meta-analyze (narrative synthesis of 11 studies; not GRADE-rated). Source: Results – Caries distribution; At the individual level; At the tooth level; At the surface level · same question in other reviews | No meta-analysis possible; caries distribution reported narratively from 11 studies as skewed at individual, tooth and surface levels, changing with age at tooth and surface level (Results – Caries distribution). | 11 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience Exact age Population: European adolescents aged 13 years Pooled caries experience was 1.45. Source: Fig. 4 · same question in other reviews | Mean DMFS 1.45 [1.06, 1.98] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at enamel threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 14 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.82. Source: Fig. 2 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.82 [0.76, 0.87] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at enamel threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 15 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.77 (I² = 97.9%). Source: Fig. 2 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.77 [0.70, 0.85] | 9 studies | Ungraded |
Enamel caries proportion Exact age Pooled enamel caries proportion was 0.72 (I² = 99.8%). Source: Fig. 5 · same question in other reviews | Proportion 0.72 [0.55, 0.96] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience Exact age Pooled caries experience was 6.62 (I² = 97.6%). Source: Fig. 4 · same question in other reviews | Mean DMFS 6.62 [4.71, 9.30] | 7 studies | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at enamel threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 16 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.94. Source: Fig. 2 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.94 [0.92, 0.95] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Caries experience Exact age Pooled caries experience was 3.29. Source: Fig. 4 · same question in other reviews | Mean DMFS 3.29 [2.49, 4.36] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at enamel threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 17 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries experience Exact age Pooled caries experience was 4.50. Source: Fig. 4 · same question in other reviews | Mean DMFS 4.50 [3.63, 5.57] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Enamel caries proportion Exact age Pooled enamel caries proportion was 0.58. Source: Fig. 5 · same question in other reviews | Proportion 0.58 [0.55, 0.60] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.83 (I² = 87.2%). Source: Fig. 2 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.83 [0.71, 0.94] | 3 studies | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at enamel threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 18 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Enamel caries proportion Exact age Pooled enamel caries proportion was 0.29 (I² = 99.3%). Source: Fig. 5 · same question in other reviews | Proportion 0.29 [0.22, 0.38] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.94 (I² = 0%). Source: Fig. 2 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.94 [0.93, 0.96] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Caries experience Exact age Pooled caries experience was 14.98 (I² = 88.0%). Source: Fig. 4 · same question in other reviews | Mean DMFS 14.98 [11.87, 18.90] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at enamel threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 19 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.92. Source: Fig. 2 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.92 [0.83, 0.97] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at dentine threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 12 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.49 (I² = 99.9%). Source: Fig. 3 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.49 [0.34, 0.63] | 11 studies | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at dentine threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 15 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.50 (I² = 99.4%). Source: Fig. 3 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.50 [0.30, 0.70] | 5 studies | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at dentine threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 16 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.83. Source: Fig. 3 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.83 [0.80, 0.85] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at dentine threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 17 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.84. Source: Fig. 3 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.84 [0.79, 0.88] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Caries assessment at dentine threshold vs None
Population: European adolescents aged 18 years
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Caries prevalence Exact age Pooled caries prevalence was 0.74. Source: Fig. 3 · same question in other reviews | Prevalence 0.74 [0.71, 0.76] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Included primary studies 30
Open as a trial list| Study | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial PICO | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Almerich-Silla 2014 Caries prevalence in children from Valencia (Spain) using ICDAS II criteria, 2010. PMID:25350591 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Campus 2020 Caries severity and socioeconomic inequalities in a nationwide setting: data from the Italian National pathfinder in 12-years children. PMID:32973175 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Maldupa 2021 Caries Prevalence and Severity for 12-Year-Old Children in Latvia. PMID:34024331 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Saethre-Sundli 2020 Do enamel and dentine caries at 5 years of age predict caries development in newly erupted teeth? A prospective longitudinal study DOI:10.1080/00016357.2020.1739330 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Vernazza 2016 Caries experience, the caries burden and associated factors in children in England, Wales and Northern Ireland 2013. PMID:27659635 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Wang 2021 [21] Dental caries thresholds among adolescents in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, 2013 at 12, and 15 years: implications for… PMID:33740952 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Agustsdottir 2010 Caries prevalence of permanent teeth: a national survey of children in Iceland using ICDAS DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2010.00538.x | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Alm 2006 Prevalence of Approximal Caries in Posterior Teeth in 15-Year-Old Swedish Teenagers in Relation to Their Caries Experience at 3 Years of Age DOI:10.1159/000104798 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Almerich-Torres 2017 Relationship between caries, body mass index and social class in Spanish children DOI:10.1016/j.gaceta.2016.09.005 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Almerich-Torres 2020 matched by author and year (probable) | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Baciu 2015 matched by author and year (probable) | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Bergström 2019 Cost-Effectiveness through the Dental-Health FRAMM Guideline for Caries Prevention among 12- to 15-Year-Olds in Sweden DOI:10.1159/000495360 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Calado 2017 Caries prevalence and treatment needs in young people in Portugal: the third national study DOI:10.1922/cdh_4016calado05 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| David 2006 Caries increment and prediction from 12 to 18 years of age: A follow-up study DOI:10.1007/bf03320812 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Deery 2000 Prevalence of Dental Caries in Latvian 11– to 15–Year–Old Children and the Enhanced Diagnostic Yield of Temporary Tooth Separation, FOTI… DOI:10.1159/000016563 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Diamanti 2021 Caries prevalence and caries experience (ICDAS II criteria) of 5-, 12- and 15-year-old Greek children in relation to socio-demographic… DOI:10.1007/s40368-020-00599-7 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Gustafsson 2000 Progression rate of approximal carious lesions in Swedish teenagers and the correlation between caries experience and radiographic… DOI:10.1080/000163500750051737 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Hugoson 2008 Caries prevalence and distribution in individuals aged 3–20 years in Jönköping, Sweden, over a 30‐year period (1973–2003) DOI:10.1111/j.1365-263x.2007.00874.x | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Jablonski-Momeni 2014 Caries prevalence (<scp>ICDAS</scp>) in 12‐year‐olds from low caries prevalence areas and association with independent variables DOI:10.1111/ipd.12031 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Jacobsen 2016 matched by author and year (probable) | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Jacobsen 2019 Need of non-operative caries treatment in 16-year-olds from Northern Norway DOI:10.1007/s40368-018-0387-z | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Jacobsson 2005 matched by author and year (probable) | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Jacobsson 2011 Oral health in young individuals with foreign and Swedish backgrounds — a ten-year perspective DOI:10.1007/bf03262797 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Karlsson 2019 Caries incidence and risk assessment during a five‐year period in adolescents living in south‐eastern Sweden DOI:10.1111/idh.12419 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Koch G 2017 Caries prevalence and distribution in individuals aged 3–20 years in Jönköping, Sweden: trends over 40 years DOI:10.1007/s40368-017-0305-9 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Lith 2002 Caries development in a young population managed by a restrictive attitude to radiography and operative intervention: II. A study at the… DOI:10.1038/sj.dmfr.4600705 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Poorterman 2003 Approximal caries increment: a three-year longitudinal radiographic study DOI:10.1111/j.1875-595x.2003.tb00758.x | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Sköld 2005 Approximal Caries Development in Adolescents with Low to Moderate Caries Risk after Different 3-Year School-Based Supervised Fluoride… DOI:10.1159/000088191 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Splieth 2019 40-Year Longitudinal Caries Development in German Adolescents in the Light of New Caries Measures DOI:10.1159/000501263 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
| Wang 2021 [37] Dental Caries Clusters among Adolescents in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland in 2013: Implications for Proportionate Universalism DOI:10.1159/000518964 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match).