Non-Cochrane · DTA;prognostic · PM41807950
Diagnostic, predictive, and therapeutic approaches for impacted canines: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Yi Wang, Abdullah Johari Yap, Mat Ali Umi Mardhiyyah, et al. · BMC oral health · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.1186/s12903-026-08072-5
Findings
Population Patients with impacted permanent maxillary canines
14 findings
| CBCT | Two-dimensional panoramic radiography | Diagnostic accuracy of impacted canine assessment (odds ratio) | OR 3.13 [2.34, 4.94] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Diagnostic approaches (conventional imaging and AI-based methods) | Reference or comparator methods in each diagnostic study | Diagnostic discriminative ability (odds ratio) | OR 6.51 [2.92, 14.54] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| AI-based diagnostic models | Semi-automated assessment or non-cropped AI model | Diagnostic accuracy of AI models (odds ratio) AI-assisted diagnostic subgroup | OR 9.43 [3.38, 26.33] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| AI-based diagnostic models | Semi-automated assessment or non-cropped AI model | Diagnostic accuracy of AI models (odds ratio) AI-assisted diagnostic subgroup (forest plot values) | OR 9.63 [1.56, 59.53] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Imaging or clinical predictors (spatial parameters and other indicators) | Reference or lower-risk category of each predictor | Association of predictors with impaction or eruption outcomes (odds ratio) Forest plot values | OR 1.83 [1.43, 2.35] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Imaging or clinical predictors (spatial parameters and other indicators) | Reference or lower-risk category of each predictor | Association of predictors with impaction or eruption outcomes (odds ratio) | OR 1.83 [1.41, 2.33] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Inter-root or inter-tooth contact distance | Greater contact distance | Prediction of adverse outcomes (odds ratio) Contact distance predictors | OR 4.99 [3.06, 8.97] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Active interceptive or treatment interventions | Conservative management or control | Treatment success or spontaneous eruption (odds ratio) | OR 3.92 [2.13, 7.23] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Active interceptive or therapeutic interventions | Conservative management or no treatment | Treatment success or spontaneous eruption (odds ratio) All therapeutic studies, forest plot estimate | OR 3.93 [2.13, 7.23] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Rapid maxillary expansion | Control or untreated | Spontaneous eruption of impacted canines (odds ratio) Rapid maxillary expansion | OR 11.18 [3.74, 33.43] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| AI-assisted treatment planning or therapeutic decision-making | Traditional therapeutic approaches | Treatment outcomes | No randomized or controlled studies have yet evaluated AI-assisted treatment planning or therapeutic decision-making No studies found 0 studies · 0 participants |
| All diagnostic, predictive and therapeutic approaches combined | Respective comparators of each study | Overall pooled odds ratio across outcome domains (descriptive only) Publication year after 2020 | OR 3.64 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| All diagnostic, predictive and therapeutic approaches combined | Respective comparators of each study | Overall pooled odds ratio across outcome domains (descriptive only) Publication year before 2020 | OR 3.40 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| All diagnostic, predictive and therapeutic approaches combined | Respective comparators of each study | Overall pooled odds ratio across outcome domains (descriptive only) | OR 3.27 [2.60, 4.11] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
Included primary studies 53
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wang 2020 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 5 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Firincioglulari 2024 Effects of renal dopamine receptor and beta-adrenoreceptor blockade on rises in blood angiotensin after haemorrhage, renal ischaemia and… PMID:202430 | 1978 | 4 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Hadler-Olsen 2020 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Abdulkreem 2024 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Abdulkreem 2024 Artificial intelligence-based automated preprocessing and classification of impacted maxillary canines in panoramic radiographs. PMID:38374464 | 2024 | this review only | Diagnostic accuracy of AI models (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Aktuna Belgin 2024 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Aktuna Belgin 2024 Evaluation of canalis sinuosus and accessory canal morphology by cone-beam computed tomography. PMID:39060842 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Alayyash 2024 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Alayyash 2024 Accuracy of CBCT in Preoperative Assessment of Impacted Canines vs. Panoramic Radiography. PMID:38595619 | 2024 | this review only | Diagnostic accuracy of impacted canine assessment (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Arriola-Guillen 2020 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Arriola-Guillen 2020 Inter-premolar width changes related to the orthodontic traction of maxillary impacted canines in adolescents and young adults: A… PMID:32335124 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Barros 2018 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Barros 2018 Short-term impact of rapid maxillary expansion on ectopically and normally erupting canines. PMID:30268263 | 2018 | this review only | Treatment success or spontaneous eruption (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Elangovan 2019 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Elangovan 2019 (systematic review, contextual; Elangovan 2010 estimates in forest plot) Effectiveness of various interceptive treatments on palatally displaced canine-a systematic review. PMID:31451345 | 2019 | this review only | Treatment success or spontaneous eruption (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Firincioglulari 2024 Maxillary Canine Impaction: Assessing the Influence of Maxillary Anatomy Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. PMID:38803084 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ghasemi 2024 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ghasemi 2024 Comparison of the different methods of width estimation in unerupted canine and premolars. PMID:38643074 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Guarnieri 2016 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Guarnieri 2016 Impacted maxillary canines and root resorption of adjacent teeth: A retrospective observational study. PMID:27694788 | 2016 | this review only | Association of predictors with impaction or eruption outcomes (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Hadler-Olsen 2020 Double vs single primary tooth extraction in interceptive treatment of palatally displaced canines. PMID:33378508 | 2020 | this review only | Treatment success or spontaneous eruption (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Hajeer 2022 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Hajeer 2022 Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of CBCT-based interpretations of maxillary impacted canines compared to those of conventional… PMID:35606269 | 2022 | this review only | Diagnostic accuracy of impacted canine assessment (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Kim 2017 How far is the root apex of a unilateral impacted canine from the root apices' arch form? PMID:28153165 | 2017 | this review only | Association of predictors with impaction or eruption outcomes (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Malik 2019 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Malik 2019 Correlation between radiographic parameters for the prediction of palatally impacted maxillary canines. PMID:31056073 | 2019 | this review only | Association of predictors with impaction or eruption outcomes (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Mehta 2022 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mehta 2022 Morphological Comparison of the Maxillary Arch in Buccal and Palatal Canine Impaction among Asian Population of Gujarati Origin: A… PMID:35628076 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Miresmaeili 2017 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Miresmaeili 2017 Treatment decision analysis for palatally-displaced canines based on orthodontists' opinion and CBCT. PMID:29122568 | 2017 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Montes-Diaz 2022 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Montes-Diaz 2022 Skeletal and Dental Morphological Characteristics of the Maxillary in Patients with Impacted Canines Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography:… PMID:35055411 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mousa 2023 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Mousa 2023 The effectiveness of minimally-invasive corticotomy-assisted orthodontic treatment of palatally impacted canines compared to the… PMID:37920456 | 2023 | this review only | Diagnostic accuracy of impacted canine assessment (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Narmada 2024 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Narmada 2024 The Effect of Maxilla Impacted Canine Positions on Root Resorption of Adjacent Teeth Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Imaging. PMID:38939849 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Oh 2023 Comparison of root apex's position between unilateral and bilateral palatally impacted canines: A pilot study. PMID:36404174 | 2023 | this review only | Association of predictors with impaction or eruption outcomes (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Padisar 2021 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Padisar 2021 Comparison of Three-Dimensional and Conventional Orthodontic Imaging Modalities for Localization of Impacted Maxillary Canines in Patients… PMID:32783463 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Paredes 2015 St Cyres lecture. Endothelium in control. PMID:2015118 | 1991 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Paredes 2015 New regression equations for predicting human teeth sizes. PMID:25890022 | 2015 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Peter 2022 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Peter 2022 (labelled Monisha 2022 in the review tables) How effective is maxillary expansion as an interceptive treatment in individuals with palatally displaced canines? A systematic review and… PMID:35288033 | 2022 | this review only | Treatment success or spontaneous eruption (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Sokmen 2024 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sokmen 2024 Buccolingual inclination of posterior dentition in maxillary impacted canine patients using quadrant analysis - A cone-beam computed… PMID:39210316 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Stabryla 2021 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Stabryla 2021 Comparisons of different treatment methods and their outcomes for impacted maxillary and mandibular canines: A retrospective study. PMID:34489068 | 2021 | this review only | Treatment success or spontaneous eruption (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Swaity 2024 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Swaity 2024 Deep learning driven segmentation of maxillary impacted canine on cone beam computed tomography images. PMID:38172136 | 2024 | this review only | Diagnostic accuracy of AI models (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Topsakal 2024 matched by author and year (probable) | NR | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Topsakal 2024 Assessment of the positional and morphological differences of unilaterally impacted canines: A cross-sectional study. PMID:38795908 | 2024 | this review only | Association of predictors with impaction or eruption outcomes (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Wang 2020 Risk factors for maxillary impacted canine-linked severe lateral incisor root resorption: A cone-beam computed tomography study. PMID:32773142 | 2020 | this review only | Association of predictors with impaction or eruption outcomes (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
| Yan 2012 Maxillary canine impaction increases root resorption risk of adjacent teeth: a problem of physical proximity. PMID:23195360 | 2012 | this review only | Association of predictors with impaction or eruption outcomes (odds ratio) | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match). Only the non-Cochrane dental reviews have study lists, so overlap with Cochrane reviews is not counted yet.
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Patients with impacted permanent maxillary canines, regardless of age or sex | Impacted maxillary canine patients (28 studies) |
| Intervention | Diagnostic, predictive and management approaches: CBCT and panoramic radiography, clinical or radiographic predictors, AI-based models, therapeutic or interceptive interventions | CBCT, AI-based diagnostic models, spatial predictors (contact distance, angles), rapid maxillary expansion and other interceptive treatments |
| Comparison | Alternative imaging methods, predictive indicators or management strategies, including conservative management or standard care | Panoramic radiography, semi-automated assessment, control or untreated groups |
| Outcomes | Diagnostic accuracy outcomes, predictive performance measures, clinically relevant management outcomes including eruption and treatment success | Diagnostic accuracy OR, predictive association OR, spontaneous eruption or treatment success OR |
| Study designs | Diagnostic accuracy studies, RCTs, prospective or retrospective observational studies (cohort, case-control) | Diagnostic, predictive and therapeutic studies including RCTs, cohort, case-control and cross-sectional designs (n=28) |
| Timing | Not specified | Not specified |