Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

350 questions · 352 findings · 52 reviews

No studies found 87 · 24.7%GRADE not reported 32 · 9.1%Very low 98 · 27.8%Low 67 · 19%Moderate 58 · 16.5%High 10 · 2.8%

HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs OLANZAPINE

Adverse effects: Specific and serious adverse effect ‐ by 24 hours Central nervous system ‐ excessive sedation · people with psychosis‐induced aggression

HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE showed no clear difference in adverse effects: Specific and serious adverse effects by 24 hours… compared with ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ OLANZAPINE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ZIPRASIDONE

Adverse effects: Specific and serious adverse effect ‐ by 24 hours Central nervous system ‐ excessive sedation · people with psychosis‐induced aggression

HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE showed no clear difference in adverse effects: Specific and serious adverse effect ‐ by 24 hours… compared with ANTIPSYCHOTIC ‐ ZIPRASIDONE (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE vs ANTIPSYCHOTIC & BENZODIAZEPINE ‐ HALOPERIDOL + MIDAZOLAM

Adverse effects: Specific and serious adverse effect ‐ by 24 hours Central nervous system ‐ excessive sedation · people with psychosis‐induced aggression

HALOPERIDOL + PROMETHAZINE may leads to lower adverse effects: Specific and serious adverse effect ‐ by 24 hours… compared with ANTIPSYCHOTIC & BENZODIAZEPINE ‐ HALOPERIDOL + MIDAZOLAM (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Sedation 8 weeks of treatment · children/youth with ASD
1 finding from 1 review

Transdermal or intranasal nicotine vs placebo

Sedation score (numerical rating scale of 1 to 6: 0 = anxious, agitated, or restless, 6 = asleep, no response) · patients with postoperative pain

It is very uncertain whether transdermal or intranasal nicotine changes sedation score compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Postoperative sedation 12 hours after surgery (units of RSS, Ramsay Sedation Scale from 1 = Anxious or agitated or restless to 6 = Unresponsive) (MD, 95% CI) · adults having abdominal surgery
1 finding from 1 review

Gabapentin vs placebo

Sedation score (numerical rating scale of 1 to 6: 0 = anxious, agitated, or restless, 6 = asleep, no response) · patients with pain in Guillain‐Barré syndrome

It is very uncertain whether gabapentin changes sedation score (numerical rating scale of 1 to 6: 0 = anxious,… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review