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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Every word you type has to appear somewhere in the question, and the closest matches are ranked first.
75,239 questions in 5,342 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 20.2%Ungraded 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Supervised exercise therapy following vascular intervention vs vascular intervention alone Quality of life SF‐36 Physical component absolute score · people with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease§ Effects of additional exercise therapy after a successful vascular intervention for people with symptomatic… (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 105 participants | Very low |
Supervised exercise therapy following vascular intervention vs vascular intervention alone Reintervention · people with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease§ Effects of additional exercise therapy after a successful vascular intervention for people with symptomatic… (2024) · Cochrane | OR 0.91 [0.23, 3.65] | 5 studies · 252 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Purse‐string skin closure vs linear skin closure Surgical site infection · people undergoing stoma reversal Purse‐string skin closure versus linear skin closure in people undergoing stoma reversal (2024) · Cochrane | OR 0.17 [0.09, 0.29] | 9 studies · 757 participants | Moderate |
Summary of findings table ‐ Purse‐string skin closure vs linear skin closure Participant satisfaction (very satisfied or satisfied) · people undergoing stoma reversal Purse‐string skin closure versus linear skin closure in people undergoing stoma reversal (2024) · Cochrane | OR 20.11 [1.09, 369.88] | 2 studies · 122 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Purse‐string skin closure vs linear skin closure Incisional hernia · people undergoing stoma reversal Purse‐string skin closure versus linear skin closure in people undergoing stoma reversal (2024) · Cochrane | OR 0.51 [0.07, 3.7] | 4 studies · 297 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Purse‐string skin closure vs linear skin closure Operative time · people undergoing stoma reversal Purse‐string skin closure versus linear skin closure in people undergoing stoma reversal (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 460 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Continuous infusion of intravenous loop diuretics vs bolus injection of intravenous loop diuretics Daily fluid balance in millilitres (measured from admission to discharge) · adults (aged greater than 18 years) with acute heart failure Continuous infusion versus bolus injection of loop diuretics for acute heart failure (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 169 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Continuous infusion of intravenous loop diuretics vs bolus injection of intravenous loop diuretics Net weight loss (measured from admission to discharge) · adults (aged greater than 18 years) with acute heart failure Continuous infusion versus bolus injection of loop diuretics for acute heart failure (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 497 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Continuous infusion of intravenous loop diuretics vs bolus injection of intravenous loop diuretics All‐cause mortality (from admission to discharge) · adults (aged greater than 18 years) with acute heart failure Continuous infusion versus bolus injection of loop diuretics for acute heart failure (2024) · Cochrane | RR 1.53 [0.81, 2.9] | 5 studies · 530 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Continuous infusion of intravenous loop diuretics vs bolus injection of intravenous loop diuretics Cardiovascular mortality ‐ not measured · adults (aged greater than 18 years) with acute heart failure Continuous infusion versus bolus injection of loop diuretics for acute heart failure (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Continuous infusion of intravenous loop diuretics vs bolus injection of intravenous loop diuretics Length of hospital stay (from admission to discharge) · adults (aged greater than 18 years) with acute heart failure Continuous infusion versus bolus injection of loop diuretics for acute heart failure (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 211 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Continuous infusion of intravenous loop diuretics vs bolus injection of intravenous loop diuretics Readmission to hospital following discharge · adults (aged greater than 18 years) with acute heart failure Continuous infusion versus bolus injection of loop diuretics for acute heart failure (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.85 [0.63, 1.16] | 3 studies · 400 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Continuous infusion of intravenous loop diuretics vs bolus injection of intravenous loop diuretics Acute kidney injury (adverse event) (from admission to discharge) · adults (aged greater than 18 years) with acute heart failure Continuous infusion versus bolus injection of loop diuretics for acute heart failure (2024) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.7, 1.49] | 3 studies · 491 participants | Low |
Zinc vs placebo Proportion of participants developing a cold Duration of · adults and children without colds Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 1449 participants | Low |
Zinc vs placebo Proportion with improved global symptom severity Duration of · adults and children with colds and/or upper respiratory infections Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 114 participants | Low |
Zinc vs placebo Risk of adverse events, including those that may be due to zinc supplements Duration of · adults and children with colds and/or upper respiratory infections Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 16 studies · 2084 participants | Moderate |
Zinc vs placebo Risk of serious adverse events, including those that may be complications of the common cold · adults and children with colds and/or upper respiratory infections Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Zinc vs placebo Mean number of colds developed Duration of · adults and children without colds Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 1284 participants | Low |
Zinc vs placebo Mean duration of colds in days Duration of · adults and children without colds Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 740 participants | Moderate |
Zinc vs placebo Standardised mean global symptom severity Duration of · adults and children without colds Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 101 participants | Low |
Zinc vs placebo Risk of adverse events, including those that may be due to zinc supplements Duration of · adults and children without colds Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 1517 participants | Very low |
Zinc vs placebo Risk of serious adverse events, including those that may be complications of the common cold Duration of · adults and children without colds Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 1563 participants | Low |
Zinc vs placebo Mean duration of colds in days Duration of · adults and children with colds and/or upper respiratory infections Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 972 participants | Low |
Zinc vs placebo Risk of continuing colds at study end Duration of · adults and children with colds and/or upper respiratory infections Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 357 participants | Very low |
Zinc vs placebo Standardised mean global symptom severity Duration of · adults and children with colds and/or upper respiratory infections Zinc for prevention and treatment of the common cold (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 261 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs sham treatment Proportion of participants without successful treatment at longest · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | RR 1.05 [0.66, 1.66] | 3 studies · 340 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs endoscopic papillary balloon dilation All‐cause mortality (or overall survival) ‐ not reported · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs endoscopic papillary balloon dilation Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 non‐serious adverse events ‐ not reported · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy vs dual endoscopic sphincterotomy Proportion of participants without successful treatment at 1 year · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.65 [0.32, 1.31] | 1 study · 99 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy vs dual endoscopic sphincterotomy Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events ‐ not reported · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy vs dual endoscopic sphincterotomy Health‐related quality of life ‐ not reported · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy vs dual endoscopic sphincterotomy All‐cause mortality (or overall survival) ‐ not reported · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy vs dual endoscopic sphincterotomy Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 non‐serious adverse events ‐ not reported · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs sham treatment Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.71 [0.34, 1.46] | 1 study · 214 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs sham treatment Quality of life · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 214 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs sham treatment Quality of life · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 214 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs sham treatment All‐cause mortality (or overall survival) ‐ not reported · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs sham treatment Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 non‐serious adverse events ‐ not reported · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs endoscopic papillary balloon dilation Proportion of participants without successful treatment ‐ not reported · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs endoscopic papillary balloon dilation Proportion of participants with ≥ 1 serious adverse events at 1 year · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.34 [0.04, 3.15] | 1 study · 91 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Endoscopic sphincterotomy vs endoscopic papillary balloon dilation Health‐related quality of life ‐ not reported · adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Endoscopic sphincterotomy for adults with biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention All‐cause mortality · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.15 [0.01, 2.83] | 1 study · 782 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs other antibiotics Clinical diagnosis of leptospirosis regardless of laboratory confirmation · farmworkers Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis (2024) · Cochrane | RR 4.18 [0.94, 18.66] | 1 study · 137 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs other antibiotics Clinical diagnosis of leptospirosis confirmed by laboratory diagnosis · farmworkers Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis (2024) · Cochrane | RR 4.18 [0.94, 18.66] | 1 study · 137 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs other antibiotics Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · farmworkers Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs other antibiotics Quality of life ‐ not reported · farmworkers Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs other antibiotics Non‐serious adverse events · farmworkers Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis (2024) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [0.36, 3.48] | 1 study · 137 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention Laboratory‐confirmed leptospirosis · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.56 [0.25, 1.26] | 5 studies · 2593 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention Clinical diagnosis of infection regardless of laboratory confirmed · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.76 [0.53, 1.08] | 4 studies · 1653 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics vs placebo or no intervention Clinical diagnosis confirmed by laboratory diagnosis · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas Antibiotic prophylaxis for leptospirosis (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.57 [0.26, 1.26] | 4 studies · 1653 participants | Low |