Cariogenic bacteria (Mutans streptococci) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Chlorhexidine mouthwash reduced Mutans streptococci versus placebo, but certainty is very low.
1 finding from 1 review
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic lesions, active caries…
Resin infiltration and P11-4 plus fluoride varnish did not differ significantly (SMD 0.01, 95% CI -0.62 to 0.65; indirect evidence only); certainty of evidence not assessed (no GRADE).
1 finding from 1 review
Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Patients with carious pulp exposure in permanent teeth undergoing pulpotomy
MTA and CEM performed comparably for clinical and radiographic success (2 RCTs, not pooled; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Secondary caries · Patients requiring dental restoration; permanent teeth
Over 1 year in permanent teeth, secondary caries did not differ significantly between RMGIC and GIC (RR 1.82, 95% CI 0.45-7.28; low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Oral health-related quality of life · Indian children, adolescents and adults
One GOHAI study found no significant difference in OHRQoL by malocclusion status; ungraded.
3 findings from 1 review
Malocclusion and QoL (continuous, GOHAI): no significant difference in OHRQoL between individuals with and without malocclusion (Appukuttan 2016). Single study, not pooled.
1 study
GRADE not reported
OR 5.44 [1.61, 18.39]
6 studies · 3720 participants
Very low
Malocclusion and QoL (continuous, OHIP-14/ECOHIS/FIS): malocclusion had a significant negative influence on OHRQoL (Vinayagamoorthy 2020, Mary 2019). Not pooled.
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Oral health-related quality of life · Indian children and adults
Two studies found bruxers have poorer OHRQoL than non-bruxers; narrative, ungraded.
1 finding from 1 review
Bruxism and QoL (continuous, OHIP-14): bruxers have poorer OHRQoL than non-bruxers (Thetakala 2018, Suguna 2020). Two studies, 284 individuals; not pooled.
2 studies · 284 participants
GRADE not reported
Cariogenic bacteria (Mutans streptococci) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Chlorhexidine mouthwash reduced Mutans streptococci versus blank control, but certainty is very low.
1 finding from 1 review
Secondary caries · Patients requiring dental restoration; permanent teeth
Over 1 year in permanent teeth, resin composite showed no statistically significant difference in secondary caries versus GIC (RR 3.05, 95% CI 0.95-9.79; low certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Plaque · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Herbal mouthwash reduced some plaque-related indices versus placebo, with low-certainty evidence.
1 finding from 1 review
Cariogenic bacteria (Mutans streptococci) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Short-term fluoride mouthwash reduced Mutans streptococci, but certainty is very low.
2 findings from 1 review
Probing pocket depth (PPD/PD) · Orthodontic patients (any age) undergoing orthodontic treatment (mostly fixed appliances)
Chlorhexidine mouthwash may reduce pocket probing depth versus placebo in the short term (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
White spot lesion incidence · Orthodontic patients undergoing comprehensive treatment (late mixed or permanent dentition, no active caries)
Most studies reported a lower incidence of white spot lesions with clear aligners than fixed appliances, but heterogeneous assessment methods precluded meta-analysis (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
Pulp necrosis · Vital teeth
One study reported a 13% incidence in teeth with pre-operative caries fillings or crowns.
2 findings from 1 review
Proportion 13
1 study
GRADE not reported
Proportion 5
1 study
GRADE not reported
Periapical pathosis incidence · Vital teeth
One study reported a 1.4% incidence with bone level < 35%.
2 findings from 1 review
Proportion 1.4
1 study
GRADE not reported
Proportion 0
1 study
GRADE not reported
Oral health-related quality of life · Indians
In adolescents (10-19 years), dental caries was associated with poorer OHRQoL (pooled OR 3.92; 5 studies); ungraded.
5 findings from 1 review
Show 2 more findings
Remineralization / reduction in lesion severity (change in QLF, laser fluorescence, or lesion area) · Patients with white spot lesions / early caries lesions (WSLs/ECLs), including orthodontic and non-orthodontic lesions, active caries…
Resin infiltration did not differ significantly from P11-4 alone (SMD -0.39, 95% CI -0.97 to 0.20); certainty of evidence not assessed (no GRADE).
1 finding from 1 review
Secondary caries · Patients requiring dental restoration; deciduous (primary) teeth
Over 2 or more years in deciduous teeth, GIC probably had a higher risk of secondary caries than RMGIC (RR 1.92, 95% CI 1.03-3.56; moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pulp necrosis · Vital teeth
The pooled incidence with eugenol-based temporary cement was 3.34%.
2 findings from 1 review
Proportion 3.34 [1.66, 5.58]
7043 participants
GRADE not reported
Proportion 5.77 [3.72, 8.24]
639 participants
GRADE not reported
Secondary caries · Patients requiring dental restoration; permanent teeth
Over 2 or more years in permanent teeth, the effect of compomer versus GIC on secondary caries is very uncertain (RR 3.20, 95% CI 0.59-17.33; very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Secondary caries · Patients requiring dental restoration; deciduous (primary) teeth
In deciduous teeth at 1 year, pooled bioactive materials (RMGIC and compomer) showed no significant difference from resin composite in secondary caries (RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.07-4.10; ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review