Reduction in pain intensity · chronic pain in MS
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in pain intensity · chronic musculoskeletal pain in people with MS
1 finding from 1 review
Reduction in pain intensity · chronic neuropathic pain in MS
1 finding from 1 review
Intraoperative hypotension (yes/no) · adults undergoing surgery
Preventive opioids showed no clear difference in intraoperative hypotension (yes/no) compared with postincision opioids (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intraoperative hypotension (yes/no) · adults undergoing dental surgery
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
Analgesic (any: NSAID, paracetamol, local anaesthetic or opioid) probably leads to lower pain intensity (VAS 0-100 mm) compared with control (placebo or no treatment) (moderate certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
MD -11.66 [-16.15, -7.17]
10 studies · 685 participants
Moderate
MD -21.19 [-28.31, -14.06]
12 studies · 1012 participants
Moderate
MD -24.27 [-31.44, -17.11]
9 studies · 535 participants
Moderate
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
It is very uncertain whether ibuprofen taken pre-emptively (about 1 hour before treatment) changes pain intensity (VAS 0-100 mm) compared with ibuprofen taken post-treatment (very low certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
MD -9.74 [-47.88, 28.40]
2 studies · 69 participants
Very low
MD -11.30 [-16.27, -6.33]
1 study · 41 participants
Very low
MD -8.43 [-30.37, 13.50]
2 studies · 69 participants
Very low
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
NSAID (systemic) showed no clear difference in pain intensity (VAS 0-100 mm) compared with paracetamol (low certainty).
3 findings from 1 review
MD -5.17 [-11.71, 1.37]
7 studies · 664 participants
Low
MD -0.51 [-8.93, 7.92]
9 studies · 734 participants
Low
MD -2.92 [-8.48, 2.65]
7 studies · 664 participants
Low
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)
It is very uncertain whether topical NSAID (ketoprofen chewing gum) changes pain intensity (VAS 0-100 mm) compared with local anaesthetic (benzocaine chewing gum) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Development of portal hypertension · adults and children with cystic fibrosis‐related liver disease
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Social support vs less intensive interventions 9 · Pregnant women who smoke
The intervention showed no clear difference in social support vs less intensive interventions 9 (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Admission to neonatal intensive care unit · women in the second stage of labour without epidural anaesthesia
Any upright showed no clear difference in admission to neonatal intensive care unit compared with supine position (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypertension · Neonates with developing BPD
Inhaled steroids may leads to lower hypertension compared with systemic steroids (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Back pain · Subacute low back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Pain at the long term Higher scores indicated more intense pain · Subacute low back pain
1 finding from 1 review
Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · people with cancer pain
Methadone may leads to higher participant‐reported pain intensity compared with morphine (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypotension · prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in preterm infants
Arginine showed no clear difference in side effects ‐ hypotension compared with placebo (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Admission to neonatal intensive care unit · preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM)
Planned early birth probably leads to higher admission to neonatal intensive care compared with expectant management (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Major adverse event: hypotension · patients with supraventricular tachycardia
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
306 participants
Low