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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,973 questions · 3,072 findings · 410 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 559 · 18.2%GRADE not reported 143 · 4.7%Very low 654 · 21.3%Low 833 · 27.1%Moderate 683 · 22.2%High 200 · 6.5%

User‐held information vs standard information

Psychiatric hospital admission: compulsory admission Numbers admitted · patients with routine care of people with severe mental illness

User‐held information showed no clear difference in psychiatric hospital admission: compulsory admission Numbers admitted compared with standard information (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laparoscopic vs open surgery

Pulmonary complications (0 to 30 days) · patients with perforated peptic ulcer disease

Laparoscopic surgery showed no clear difference in pulmonary complications (presence or absence) compared with open surgery (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fibrinogen concentrate vs any comparator

Thrombotic episodes (arterial and venous graft occlusion, pulmonary embolus, deep venous thrombosis) Proportion with event · bleeding patients or at risk of severe bleeding

It is very uncertain whether fibrinogen concentrate changes thrombotic episodes (arterial and venous graft occlusion, pulmonary… compared with any comparator (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IMMEDIATE initiation of cART vs DEFERRED initiation of cART

Patient or population: HIV‐positive, treatment‐naive children aged 24 to 59 months (2 to 5 years old)Settings: Thailand and CambodiaIntervention: IMMEDIATE initiation of cARTComparison: DEFERRED initiation of cART · HIV‐positive, treatment‐naive children aged one to 12 years old

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Systems training for emotional predictability and problem solving for borderline personality disorder + individual therapy (STEPPS+IT) vs treatment

Impulsivity · patients with borderline personality disorder

Systems training for emotional predictability and problem solving… showed no clear difference in impulsivityno. of participants scoring above BPDSI‐IV3 impulsivity… compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Early routine ERCP strategy vs early conservative management with or without delayed or selective ERCP strategy

Systemic complications defined by the Atlanta Classification (organ failure including shock, pulmonary insufficiency, renal failure, and gastrointestinal bleeding; disseminated intravascular coagulation or severe metabolic disturbances) · patients with unselected patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis

Early routine ERCP strategy showed no clear difference in systemic complications defined by the Atlanta Classification (organ… compared with early conservative management with or without delayed or selective… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

PPI plus usual care vs usual care alone or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Exacerbations · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

PPI plus usual care may leads to lower exacerbation rate (participants with one or more) study duration: 12… compared with usual care alone or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review