Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,087 questions · 2,360 findings · 390 reviews

No studies found 224 · 9.5%GRADE not reported 603 · 25.6%Very low 555 · 23.5%Low 548 · 23.2%Moderate 312 · 13.2%High 118 · 5%

Total hip arthroplasty vs hemiarthroplasty

Mortality, early (within 4 months) · adults with displaced and undisplaced hip fractures

It is very uncertain whether total hip arthroplasty changes mortality, early (within 4 months) compared with hemiarthroplasty (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cemented vs uncemented hemiarthroplasty

Functional status, early (within 4 months): using HHS (range from 0 to 100) and Johansen hip score (range from 0 to 100); higher scores indicate better function · adults with displaced and undisplaced hip fractures
1 finding from 1 review

Cemented vs uncemented hemiarthroplasty

Mobility, early (within 4 months): able to walk outdoors using no more than 1 walking aid. · adults with displaced and undisplaced hip fractures

Cemented showed no clear difference in mobility, early (within 4 months): able to walk outdoors using no… compared with uncemented hemiarthroplasty (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cemented vs uncemented hemiarthroplasty

Mortality, early (within 4 months) · adults with displaced and undisplaced hip fractures

Cemented showed no clear difference in mortality, early (within 4 months) compared with uncemented hemiarthroplasty (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Continuation vs reduction of polypharmacy

Adverse effects – leaving the study early due to adverse effects – overall tolerability – total · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Continuation changes adverse effects – leaving the study early due to adverse effects –… compared with reduction of polypharmacy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Continuation vs reduction of polypharmacy

Leaving the study early ‐ for any reason ‐ overall acceptability (combined time points) · patients with schizophrenia

Summary of findings table ‐ Continuation may leads to lower leaving the study early due to any reason – overall acceptability… compared with reduction of polypharmacy (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction vs dose continuation

Withdrawals due to adverse events · patients with schizophrenia

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction probably leads to higher adverse effect ‐ leaving the study early due to adverse effects ‐… compared with dose continuation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction vs dose continuation

Leaving the study early ‐ for any reason ‐ overall acceptability (combined time points) · patients with schizophrenia

Summary of findings table ‐ Antipsychotic dose reduction probably leads to higher leaving the study early ‐ for any reason ‐ overall acceptability… compared with dose continuation (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Near-infrared (NIR) transillumination vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, radiographs/microCT, or tooth separation)

Sensitivity for detection and diagnosis of early (enamel) caries · Asymptomatic children, adolescents, or adults presenting for clinical examination (in vivo studies), or extracted teeth of children or…
1 finding from 1 review

Fibre-optic transillumination (FOTI) vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, radiographs/microCT, or tooth separation)

Sensitivity for detection and diagnosis of early (enamel) caries · Asymptomatic children, adolescents, or adults presenting for clinical examination (in vivo studies), or extracted teeth of children or…
1 finding from 1 review

Transillumination and optical coherence tomography devices (all illumination devices combined: NIR, OCT, and FOTI/DIFOTI) vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, radiographs/microCT, or tooth separation)

Specificity for detection and diagnosis of early (enamel) caries · Asymptomatic children, adolescents, or adults presenting for clinical examination (in vivo studies), or extracted teeth of children or…
1 finding from 1 review

Fibre-optic transillumination (FOTI) vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, radiographs/microCT, or tooth separation)

Specificity for detection and diagnosis of early (enamel) caries · Asymptomatic children, adolescents, or adults presenting for clinical examination (in vivo studies), or extracted teeth of children or…
1 finding from 1 review

Standard testing plus PET/CT scanning vs standard testing alone

Stage at diagnosis (early-stage detection) · people with unprovoked VTE

Standard testing plus PET/CT scanning showed no clear difference in stage of cancer ‐ early compared with standard testing alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review