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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
191 questions in 16 reviews · Sexually Transmitted Infections
current versionsNo studies 38 · 19.9%Ungraded 4 · 2.1%Very low 53 · 27.7%Low 68 · 35.6%Moderate 19 · 9.9%High 9 · 4.7%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Ceftriaxone vs penicillin G Adverse events Any untoward medical occurrence regarding medications · people with neurosyphilis Antibiotic therapy for adults with neurosyphilis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 1 participants | Very low |
Ceftriaxone vs penicillin G Recurrence of neurosyphilis · people with neurosyphilis Antibiotic therapy for adults with neurosyphilis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ceftriaxone vs penicillin G Time to recovery · people with neurosyphilis Antibiotic therapy for adults with neurosyphilis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ceftriaxone vs penicillin G Quality of life · people with neurosyphilis Antibiotic therapy for adults with neurosyphilis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ceftriaxone vs penicillin G Withdrawals · people with neurosyphilis Antibiotic therapy for adults with neurosyphilis (2019) · Cochrane | RR 2 [0.42, 9.48] | 1 study · 36 participants | Very low |
Antibiotic treatment vs no intervention Neonatal death rate due congenital syphilis · newborns with congenital syphilis Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotic treatment (benzathine penicillin) vs any other antibiotic (procaine benzylpenicillin) Serological cure (4‐fold decrease or greater in non‐treponemal tests titre) · newborns with congenital syphilis Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.97, 1.03] | 1 study · 129 participants | Moderate |
Antibiotic treatment (benzathine penicillin) vs any other antibiotic (procaine benzylpenicillin) Minor adverse events of therapy · newborns with congenital syphilis Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotic treatment vs no intervention Neonatal death rate due any cause · newborns with congenital syphilis Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.83 [0.06, 11.7] | 1 study · 22 participants | Low |
Antibiotic treatment vs no intervention Absence of clinical manifestations of congenital syphilis during · newborns with congenital syphilis Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.12 [0.01, 2.09] | 1 study · 22 participants | Low |
Antibiotic treatment vs no intervention Serious adverse events · newborns with congenital syphilis Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotic treatment vs no intervention Serological cure (≥ 4‐fold decrease in non‐treponemal tests titre) · newborns with congenital syphilis Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis (2019) · Cochrane | RR 2.13 [1.06, 4.27] | 1 study · 20 participants | Low |
Antibiotic treatment vs no intervention Minor adverse events of therapy · newborns with congenital syphilis Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotic treatment (benzathine penicillin) vs any other antibiotic (procaine benzylpenicillin) Neonatal death rate due congenital syphilis · newborns with congenital syphilis Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 participants | Ungraded |
Antibiotic treatment (benzathine penicillin) vs any other antibiotic (procaine benzylpenicillin) Neonatal death rate due to any cause · newborns with congenital syphilis Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotic treatment (benzathine penicillin) vs any other antibiotic (procaine benzylpenicillin) Absence of clinical manifestations of congenital syphilis during · newborns with congenital syphilis Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.97, 1.03] | 1 study · 152 participants | High |
Probiotics used as adjuvants to conventional antifungal drugs vs conventional antifungal drugs Clinical cure rate (short‐term) · non‐pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non‐pregnant women (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.14 [1.05, 1.24] | 5 studies · 695 participants | Low |
Probiotics used as adjuvants to conventional antifungal drugs vs conventional antifungal drugs Clinical cure rate (long‐term) · non‐pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non‐pregnant women (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.07 [0.86, 1.33] | 1 study · 172 participants | Very low |
Probiotics used as adjuvants to conventional antifungal drugs vs conventional antifungal drugs Mycological cure rate (short‐term) · non‐pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non‐pregnant women (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [1.02, 1.1] | 7 studies · 969 participants | Low |
Probiotics used as adjuvants to conventional antifungal drugs vs conventional antifungal drugs Mycological cure rate (long‐term) · non‐pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non‐pregnant women (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.26 [0.93, 1.71] | 3 studies · 627 participants | Very low |
Probiotics used as adjuvants to conventional antifungal drugs vs conventional antifungal drugs Relapse rate · non‐pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non‐pregnant women (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.34 [0.17, 0.68] | 3 studies · 388 participants | Very low |
Probiotics used as adjuvants to conventional antifungal drugs vs conventional antifungal drugs Rate of serious adverse events · non‐pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis Probiotics for vulvovaginal candidiasis in non‐pregnant women (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.8 [0.22, 2.94] | 2 studies · 440 participants | Low |
Macrolides vs any other antibiotic Clinical cure: syndromic approach · sexually active adults Macrolides for treatment of Haemophilus ducreyi infection in sexually active adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.09 [0.97, 1.21] | 2 studies · 340 participants | Low |
Macrolides vs any other antibiotic Clinical cure: aetiological approach · sexually active adults Macrolides for treatment of Haemophilus ducreyi infection in sexually active adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.98, 1.15] | 5 studies · 348 participants | Low |
Macrolides vs any other antibiotic Clinical improvement: syndromic approach · sexually active adults Macrolides for treatment of Haemophilus ducreyi infection in sexually active adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.52, 1.52] | 2 studies · 340 participants | Very low |
Macrolides vs any other antibiotic Clinical improvement: aetiological approach · sexually active adults Macrolides for treatment of Haemophilus ducreyi infection in sexually active adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.8 [0.42, 1.51] | 3 studies · 187 participants | Low |
Macrolides vs any other antibiotic Microbiological cure · sexually active adults Macrolides for treatment of Haemophilus ducreyi infection in sexually active adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.74, 1.16] | 1 study · 45 participants | Low |
Macrolides vs any other antibiotic Minor adverse events · sexually active adults Macrolides for treatment of Haemophilus ducreyi infection in sexually active adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.34 [0.24, 7.51] | 3 studies · 412 participants | Very low |
Macrolide (erythromycin) vs any other macrolide Clinical cure: syndromic approach · sexually active adults Macrolides for treatment of Haemophilus ducreyi infection in sexually active adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.91, 1.1] | 2 studies · 269 participants | Low |
Macrolide (erythromycin) vs any other macrolide Clinical cure: aetiological approach · sexually active adults Macrolides for treatment of Haemophilus ducreyi infection in sexually active adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.04 [0.93, 1.16] | 2 studies · 211 participants | Low |
Macrolide (erythromycin) vs any other macrolide Minor adverse events · sexually active adults Macrolides for treatment of Haemophilus ducreyi infection in sexually active adults (2017) · Cochrane | RR 1.14 [0.63, 2.06] | 1 study · 101 participants | Very low |
Oral acyclovir vs placebo Duration of symptoms from onset of treatment · men and women with their first episode of genital herpes Interventions for men and women with their first episode of genital herpes (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 82 participants | Low |
Oral acyclovir vs placebo Adverse events · men and women with their first episode of genital herpes Interventions for men and women with their first episode of genital herpes (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 130 participants | Very low |
Oral acyclovir vs placebo Duration of lesions from onset of treatment · men and women with their first episode of genital herpes Interventions for men and women with their first episode of genital herpes (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 86 participants | Low |
Oral acyclovir vs placebo Time to recurrence · men and women with their first episode of genital herpes Interventions for men and women with their first episode of genital herpes (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 198 participants | Very low |
Topical acyclovir vs placebo Duration of symptoms from onset of treatment · men and women with their first episode of genital herpes Interventions for men and women with their first episode of genital herpes (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 195 participants | Low |
Topical acyclovir vs placebo Duration of lesions from onset of treatment · men and women with their first episode of genital herpes Interventions for men and women with their first episode of genital herpes (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 195 participants | Low |
Topical acyclovir vs placebo Adverse events ‐ pain with topical application · men and women with their first episode of genital herpes Interventions for men and women with their first episode of genital herpes (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.74 [0.46, 1.2] | 3 studies · 247 participants | Low |
Topical acyclovir vs placebo Time to recurrence · men and women with their first episode of genital herpes Interventions for men and women with their first episode of genital herpes (2016) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 129 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Chlamydia prevalence (general population) Outcome was chlamydia test positivity after 3 yearly invitations in intervention clusters vs 1 invitation in control areas. Uptake was too low for chlamydia positivity to be considered an unbiased estimate... · healthy adults Screening for genital chlamydia infection (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.96 [0.84, 1.09] | 1 study · 30122 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Chlamydia prevalence (high risk population) Outcome was prevalence of positive chlamydia tests in repeated cross‐sectional surveys of women tested at sex venues after 4 years of intervention. · healthy adults Screening for genital chlamydia infection (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.72 [0.54, 0.98] | 1 study · 4156 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) at 12 months (intention‐to‐treat) Outcome was clinically diagnosed PID reported by the participant or extracted from medical records, pharmacy records or hospital discharge coding. Outcome very likely... · healthy adults Screening for genital chlamydia infection (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.68 [0.49, 0.94] | 4 studies · 21686 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Incidence of epididymitis in men at 12 months (intention‐to‐treat) Outcome was epididymitis diagnosed in hospital and abstracted from hospital discharge coding. · healthy adults Screening for genital chlamydia infection (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.8 [0.45, 1.42] | 1 study · 14980 participants | Very low |
Any antibiotic treatment vs placebo Recurrence · sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis Antibiotic treatment for the sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.67, 1.52] | 3 studies · 372 participants | Very low |
Any antibiotic treatment vs no intervention Symptomatic improvement · sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis Antibiotic treatment for the sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.66 [0.39, 1.11] | 1 study · 70 participants | Very low |
Any antibiotic treatment vs placebo Recurrence · sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis Antibiotic treatment for the sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.28 [0.68, 2.43] | 1 study · 218 participants | Low |
Any antibiotic treatment vs placebo Clinical improvement during the first week · sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis Antibiotic treatment for the sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.96, 1.03] | 4 studies · 712 participants | High |
Any antibiotic treatment vs placebo Clinical improvement · sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis Antibiotic treatment for the sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.94, 1.11] | 3 studies · 590 participants | High |
Any antibiotic treatment vs placebo Clinical improvement · sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis Antibiotic treatment for the sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis (2016) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.9, 1.07] | 4 studies · 572 participants | High |
Any antibiotic treatment vs placebo Symptomatic improvement during the first week · sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis Antibiotic treatment for the sexual partners of women with bacterial vaginosis (2016) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [1, 1.12] | 3 studies · 577 participants | High |