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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
191 questions in 16 reviews · Sexually Transmitted Infections
current versionsNo studies 38 · 19.9%Ungraded 4 · 2.1%Very low 53 · 27.7%Low 68 · 35.6%Moderate 19 · 9.9%High 9 · 4.7%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Drug treatment vs placebo or no treatment Primary outcome 1: Number of clinical recurrences per participant per year · non‐pregnant women with a diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Drug treatment vs placebo or no treatment Primary outcome 2: Clinical recurrence at 6 months · non‐pregnant women with a diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.36 [0.21, 0.63] | 6 studies · 607 participants | Low |
Drug treatment vs placebo or no treatment Primary outcome 2: Clinical recurrence at 12 months · non‐pregnant women with a diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.8 [0.72, 0.89] | 6 studies · 585 participants | Low |
Drug treatment vs placebo or no treatment Primary outcome 3: Adverse events · non‐pregnant women with a diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 5 participants | Very low |
Oral drug treatment vs topical drug treatment Primary outcome 1: Number of clinical recurrences per participant per year · non‐pregnant women with a diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Oral drug treatment vs topical drug treatment Primary outcome 2: Clinical recurrence at 6 months · non‐pregnant women with a diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.66 [0.83, 3.31] | 3 studies · 206 participants | Very low |
Oral drug treatment vs topical drug treatment Primary outcome 2: Clinical recurrence at 12 months · non‐pregnant women with a diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.95 [0.71, 1.27] | 3 studies · 206 participants | Very low |
Oral drug treatment vs topical drug treatment Primary outcome 3: Adverse events · non‐pregnant women with a diagnosis of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis Treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 3 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR HIV infection · heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.71 [0.57, 0.89] | 2 studies · 4588 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR HIV infection · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.83 [0.68, 1.02] | 3 studies · 4958 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Herpes simplex virus · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.9 [0.82, 0.99] | 2 studies · 2439 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Gonorrhoea · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.66 [0.4, 1.1] | 1 study · 2010 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Trichomoniasis · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.21 [0.84, 1.74] | 1 study · 2010 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Chlamydia · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.9 [0.71, 1.13] | 1 study · 2010 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Syphilis · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.27 [0.58, 2.78] | 1 study · 2010 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Serious adverse events · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.81, 1.24] | 3 studies · 4958 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Acceptability · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Minor adverse events · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR HIV Infection · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.2 [0.74, 1.95] | 2 studies · 3069 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Herpes simplex virus · heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Herpes simplex · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.37, 2.62] | 1 study · 1425 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Gonorrhoea · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.67, 1.17] | 2 studies · 3069 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Trichomoniasis · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.96 [0.62, 1.49] | 1 study · 1425 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Chlamydia · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.7 [0.49, 0.99] | 2 studies · 3069 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Syphilis · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.69 [0.26, 1.81] | 1 study · 1425 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Serious adverse events · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.25 [0.87, 1.79] | 2 studies · 3069 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Acceptability · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Minor adverse events · Heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Gonorrhoea · heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.87, 1.15] | 2 studies · 4588 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Trichomoniasis · heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.92, 1.23] | 2 studies · 4588 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Chlamydia · heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.97 [0.89, 1.07] | 2 studies · 4588 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Syphilis · heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.7 [0.63, 4.59] | 1 study · 1956 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Serious adverse events · heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [0.94, 1.32] | 2 studies · 4588 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Acceptability · heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Minor adverse events · heterosexual women Topical microbicides for preventing sexually transmitted infections (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oral vs intra‐vaginal antifungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Clinical cure (short term: 5 to 15 days) · women aged 16 and over with uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Oral versus intra‐vaginal imidazole and triazole anti‐fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal… (2020) · Cochrane | OR 1.14 [0.91, 1.43] | 13 studies · 1859 participants | Moderate |
Oral vs intra‐vaginal antifungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Clinical cure (long term; 2 to 12 weeks) · women aged 16 and over with uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Oral versus intra‐vaginal imidazole and triazole anti‐fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal… (2020) · Cochrane | OR 1.07 [0.77, 1.5] | 9 studies · 1042 participants | Moderate |
Oral vs intra‐vaginal antifungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Mycological cure (short term; 5 to 15 days) · women aged 16 and over with uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Oral versus intra‐vaginal imidazole and triazole anti‐fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal… (2020) · Cochrane | OR 1.24 [1.03, 1.5] | 19 studies · 3057 participants | Moderate |
Oral vs intra‐vaginal antifungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Mycological cure (long term; 2 to 12 weeks) · women aged 16 and over with uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Oral versus intra‐vaginal imidazole and triazole anti‐fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal… (2020) · Cochrane | OR 1.29 [1.05, 1.6] | 13 studies · 1661 participants | Moderate |
Oral vs intra‐vaginal antifungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Safety (withdrawals due to adverse effects) · women aged 16 and over with uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Oral versus intra‐vaginal imidazole and triazole anti‐fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 23 studies · 4637 participants | High |
Oral vs intra‐vaginal antifungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Side effects (patient‐reported side effects) · women aged 16 and over with uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Oral versus intra‐vaginal imidazole and triazole anti‐fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal… (2020) · Cochrane | OR 1.04 | 16 studies · 3155 participants | Low |
Oral vs intra‐vaginal antifungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Treatment preference · women aged 16 and over with uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Oral versus intra‐vaginal imidazole and triazole anti‐fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 12 studies · 2206 participants | Low |
Oral vs intra‐vaginal antifungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Time to first relief of symptoms · women aged 16 and over with uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Oral versus intra‐vaginal imidazole and triazole anti‐fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 10 studies · 1910 participants | Low |
Oral vs intra‐vaginal antifungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Costs · women aged 16 and over with uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis Oral versus intra‐vaginal imidazole and triazole anti‐fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal… (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Regimens containing macrolides (azithromycin) vs regimens containing tetracycline (doxycycline) Clinical cure according to criteria established by study authors Mild‐moderate PID · women with PID Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.18 [0.89, 1.55] | NR | Very low |
Regimens containing quinolone vs regimens containing cephalosporins Clinical cure according to criteria established by study authors Severe PID · women with PID Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.91, 1.23] | NR | Low |
Regimens containing quinolone vs regimens containing cephalosporins Adverse events: any antibiotic‐related adverse event leading to discontinuation of therapy · women with PID Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 2.24 [0.52, 9.72] | NR | Very low |
Regimens containing quinolone vs regimens containing cephalosporins Microbiological clearance · women with PID Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease (2020) · Cochrane | RR 0.95 [0.84, 1.08] | NR | Very low |
Regimens containing quinolone vs regimens containing cephalosporins Laparoscopic evidence of resolution of PID based on physician opinion · women with PID Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Regimens containing quinolone vs regimens containing cephalosporins Length of stay (for inpatient care) · women with PID Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease (2020) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |