parastomal hernia (RCT) clinical exam, sonography, intraoperatively, or combination, during stoma reversal · people undergoing enterostomy placement for any reason
Lateral pararectal showed no clear difference in parastomal hernia (RCT) clinical exam, sonography, intraoperatively,… compared with transrectal enterostomy placement (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pre‐eclampsia, or pregnancy loss, or stillbirth (or combination) at any gestational age · women who are not yet pregnant and women in the early stages of pregnancy
Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in pre‐eclampsia, or pregnancy loss, or stillbirth (or combination) at… compared with placebo (maternal outcomes) commencing before or early (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Subgroup: combination NRT; smoking cessation (≥ 6 month · people who smoke
Reduction and pharmacotherapy showed no clear difference in subgroup: combination NRT; smoking cessation (≥ 6 month compared with reduction alone (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Combination of patient mail and telephone reminder or recall · children, adolescents, and adults with a need for routine immunizations, excluding travel immunizations
The intervention probably leads to higher combination of patient mail and telephone reminder or recall (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Combination of patient reminder or recall with outreach intervention · children, adolescents, and adults with a need for routine immunizations, excluding travel immunizations
The intervention leads to higher combination of patient reminder or recall with outreach intervention (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Combination of patient reminder or recall with provider reminder intervention · children, adolescents, and adults with a need for routine immunizations, excluding travel immunizations
The intervention probably leads to higher combination of patient reminder or recall with provider reminder… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Knowledge or understanding (Different measures used by the studies: knowledge of vaccine‐preventable diseases, vaccines, contraindications to vaccination, or a combination, on varying scales) Final time point (3 or 6 months post‐intervention) · parents of preschool‐aged children or expectant parents
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Attitudes or beliefs (Different measures used by the studies: perceived severity of vaccine‐preventable diseases, perceived necessity of vaccines, or a combination, on varying scales) Final time point (3 or 6 months post‐intervention) · parents of preschool‐aged children or expectant parents
1 finding from 1 review
Aerobic exercise tolerance (all cancers: 8 to 12 weeks of
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Treatment 1: fixed combination of topical gatifloxacin 0.3% and prednisolone acetate 1% · participants undergoing cataract surgery
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
108 participants
Very low
Combination silicone foam dressings · people with pressure ulcers
It is very uncertain whether NMA evidence for individual network: proportion with complete… changes combination silicone foam dressings compared with saline gauze (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 1.93 [0.38, 9.98]
Studies not reported
Very low
Beta‐blocker/thiazide combination (any dose) Mean duration of 10 weeks · children (from 1 to 18 years of age) with hypertension from primary or secondary causes
2 findings from 1 review
Muscle strength · patients with the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or motor neuron disease
1 finding from 1 review
Did not attend appointment ‐ combination of telephone and text‐based prompts · people with severe mental disorders
It is very uncertain whether PROMPT TYPE changes did not attend appointment ‐ combination of telephone and text‐based… compared with NO PROMPT (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Outcomes (weighted · stable COPD
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Moderate‐to‐severe exacerbations (rate) · stable COPD
Triple therapy may leads to lower moderate‐to‐severe exacerbations (rate) compared with LABA/LAMA combination (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Severe exacerbations (rate) · stable COPD
Triple therapy may leads to lower severe exacerbations (rate) compared with LABA/LAMA combination (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Respiratory HRQoL measured by SGRQ, ≥ 4‐point decrease from baseline (lower scores indicate better HRQoL) · stable COPD
Triple therapy leads to higher respiratory HRQoL measured by SGRQ, ≥ 4‐point decrease from baseline… compared with LABA/LAMA combination (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pneumonia (labelled as an SAE) · stable COPD
Triple therapy probably leads to higher pneumonia (labelled as an SAE) compared with LABA/LAMA combination (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
SAEs · stable COPD
Triple therapy showed no clear difference in all‐cause SAEs compared with LABA/LAMA combination (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review