Findings

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,587 questions · 5,761 findings · 495 reviews

No studies found 1,011 · 17.5%GRADE not reported 1,797 · 31.2%Very low 1,100 · 19.1%Low 1,052 · 18.3%Moderate 649 · 11.3%High 152 · 2.6%

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Two miniplates (transbuccal approach) vs One miniplate plus two screws (intraoral approach at external oblique ridge)

Post-operative infection · Adults with fractures of the mandibular angle

Two miniplates (transbuccal approach) showed no clear difference in post-operative infection compared with one miniplate plus two screws (intraoral approach at external…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Two miniplates (transbuccal approach) vs One miniplate plus two screws (intraoral approach at external oblique ridge)

Requirement for additional (surgical) interventions (plate removal) · Adults with fractures of the mandibular angle

Two miniplates (transbuccal approach) showed no clear difference in requirement for additional (surgical) interventions (plate removal) compared with one miniplate plus two screws (intraoral approach at external…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Two miniplates (transbuccal approach) vs One miniplate plus two screws (intraoral approach at external oblique ridge)

Post-operative adverse events and complications (lip numbness; overall) · Adults with fractures of the mandibular angle
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for the management of mandibular fractures 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Angle of mandible only
    Siddiqui 2007: 22/36 (61%) single-miniplate vs 14/26 (54%) two-miniplate had one or more complications; subjective lip numbness 15/36 (41.7%) vs 10/26 (38.5%) (P=0.82), objective 16/36 (44.4%) vs 8/26 (31.7%) (P=0.29).…
    2 studies
    GRADE not reported

Low edentulism prevalence vs Not applicable

Oral health-related quality of life · people aged 60 years and older living in the community

No statistically significant difference in OHRQoL was reported by edentulism prevalence.

1 finding from 1 review

High edentulism prevalence vs Not applicable

Oral health-related quality of life · people aged 60 years and older living in the community

No statistically significant difference in OHRQoL was reported by edentulism prevalence.

1 finding from 1 review

Anorexia nervosa (as exposure; diagnosed by DSM-III/III-R/IV/V) vs Healthy controls

Percentage of bleeding on probing (BOP) · Patients with anorexia nervosa aged >=12 years (mean age ~18.4; entirely female in reported data), general community-dwelling population

Anorexia nervosa is associated with significantly increased bleeding on probing versus healthy controls (MD 16.57%, 95% CI 12.89 to 20.25; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) vs Healthy controls without cleft

Gingival index (GI) · Individuals assessed for periodontal health (mainly children and adolescents, age >2 years)

Persons with orofacial cleft have a higher gingival index than healthy controls (MD 0.15, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.19; low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Genetically predicted periodontitis vs Without periodontitis (lower genetic liability)

Lacunar stroke · European-ancestry adults

Genetically predicted periodontitis was associated with modestly higher odds of lacunar stroke (OR 1.24); ungraded MR, though the FDR-adjusted P was 0.064 for the primary IVW-FE method (ML-adjusted P 0.037).

1 finding from 1 review

Gamified mobile health app vs Conventional method

Plaque control · Children or adolescents

One RCT reported superior plaque control with a gamified mobile health app versus a conventional method; no effect estimate or GRADE assessment was reported.

1 finding from 1 review

High periodontal-disease prevalence vs Not applicable

Oral health-related quality of life · people aged 60 years and older living in the community

No statistically significant difference in OHRQoL was reported by periodontal-disease prevalence.

1 finding from 1 review

Electronic cigarette use vs Non-smokers

Peri-implant clinical and radiographic parameters (plaque index, probing depth, bone loss, pro-inflammatory profile) · Adult e-cigarette (ENDS) users with dental implants (incl. male implant-supported prosthesis patients)

Among dental implant patients, e-cigarette users show worse peri-implant parameters (more plaque, worse clinical and radiographic outcomes) than non-smokers (narrative synthesis; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review
  • An Umbrella Review of E-Cigarettes' Impact on Oral Microbiota and Biofilm Buildup. 2025 All outcomes
    Dental implant / peri-implant care · Implant/peri-implant populations: Vamos (implant patients), Youssef (male implant patients only), Yang (broad SR incl. peri-implant)
    Narrative synthesis: e-cigarette users with dental implants showed a higher peri-implant plaque index and worse clinico-radiographic and immunological peri-implant parameters than non-smokers (worse than non-smokers…
    3 studies
    GRADE not reported

Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) vs Healthy controls without cleft

Clinical attachment level (CAL) · Individuals assessed for periodontal health (mainly children and adolescents, age >2 years)

Clinical attachment level loss is greater in persons with orofacial cleft than in healthy controls (p<0.00001), but no pooled effect size was reported (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Gamified mobile health app vs Nongamified intervention

Regular use rate · Children or adolescents

One RCT reported a 72.4% regular-use rate with a gamified mobile health app versus 48.3% with a nongamified intervention; no GRADE assessment was reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Pulp and periapical diseases vs Without pulp and periapical diseases

Lacunar stroke · adults

No eligible studies were found for the association between pulp and periapical diseases and lacunar stroke in the meta-analysis.

1 finding from 1 review

Anorexia nervosa (as exposure; diagnosed by DSM-III/III-R/IV/V) vs Healthy controls

Salivary flow rate (stimulated) · Patients with anorexia nervosa aged >=12 years (mean age ~18.4; entirely female in reported data), general community-dwelling population

Stimulated salivary flow rate was significantly lower in anorexia nervosa patients than controls, but only unstimulated flow was meta-analyzed; this outcome is ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review