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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
75,239 questions in 5,342 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 20.2%Ungraded 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Oral gentamicin vs nalidixic acid Diarrhoea at · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.71 [0.98, 2.97] | 1 study · 79 participants | Very low |
Oral gentamicin vs nalidixic acid Relapse ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oral gentamicin vs nalidixic acid Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotic vs no drug or placebo Relapse ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Oral gentamicin vs nalidixic acid Other adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sulphonamides vs tetracycline Diarrhoea at · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | RR 7.68 [0.46, 128.12] | 1 study · 60 participants | Very low |
Sulphonamides vs tetracycline Relapse ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sulphonamides vs tetracycline Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Sulphonamides vs tetracycline Other adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotic vs no drug or placebo Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Antibiotic vs no drug or placebo Other adverse events clinical criteria · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.43 [0.06, 34.13] | 1 study · 94 participants | Very low |
Fluoroquinolones vs beta‐lactams Diarrhoea on · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.45, 2.37] | 6 studies · 686 participants | Very low |
Fluoroquinolones vs beta‐lactams Relapse ‐ All trials clinical criteria · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.11, 7.55] | 3 studies · 357 participants | Very low |
Fluoroquinolones vs beta‐lactams Serious adverse events clinical criteria · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | RR 10.9 [0.61, 194.82] | 1 study · 221 participants | Very low |
Fluoroquinolones vs beta‐lactams Adverse events leading to discontinuation of treatment · patients with Shigella dysentery Antibiotic therapy for Shigella dysentery (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.27, 3.89] | 1 study · 127 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR % Change total body bone mineral content from baseline · patients with improving bone mineral density in children Vitamin D supplementation for improving bone mineral density in children (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 672 participants | High |
Intervention NR % Change hip bone mineral density from baseline · patients with improving bone mineral density in children Vitamin D supplementation for improving bone mineral density in children (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 639 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR % Change lumbar spine bone mineral density from baseline · patients with improving bone mineral density in children Vitamin D supplementation for improving bone mineral density in children (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 660 participants | High |
Intervention NR % Change forearm bone mineral density from baseline · patients with improving bone mineral density in children Vitamin D supplementation for improving bone mineral density in children (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 427 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Adverse events3 ‐ not reported · patients with improving bone mineral density in children Vitamin D supplementation for improving bone mineral density in children (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Night splinting vs no night splinting Change in ankle dorsiflexion range of motion Lidcome Template in degrees. Scale from: 0.36 to 31.28. · patients with patients with reduced ankle range of motion in neuromuscular disease Interventions for increasing ankle range of motion in patients with neuromuscular disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 52 participants | Very low |
Teicoplanin vs vancomycin Nephrotoxicity · patients with proven or suspected infection Teicoplanin versus vancomycin for proven or suspected infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.66 [0.48, 0.9] | 23 studies · 2596 participants | Moderate |
Teicoplanin vs vancomycin Clinical cure or improvement · patients with proven or suspected infection Teicoplanin versus vancomycin for proven or suspected infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.03 [0.98, 1.08] | 20 studies · 1703 participants | Moderate |
Teicoplanin vs vancomycin Microbiological cure · patients with proven or suspected infection Teicoplanin versus vancomycin for proven or suspected infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.93, 1.03] | 16 studies · 914 participants | Moderate |
Teicoplanin vs vancomycin Renal failure needing dialysis2 · patients with proven or suspected infection Teicoplanin versus vancomycin for proven or suspected infection (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 606 participants | Ungraded |
Teicoplanin vs vancomycin Mortality · patients with proven or suspected infection Teicoplanin versus vancomycin for proven or suspected infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.79, 1.3] | 16 studies · 1565 participants | Low |
Teicoplanin vs vancomycin Cutaneous rash · patients with proven or suspected infection Teicoplanin versus vancomycin for proven or suspected infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.57 [0.35, 0.92] | 18 studies · 1823 participants | Moderate |
Teicoplanin vs vancomycin Total adverse events · patients with proven or suspected infection Teicoplanin versus vancomycin for proven or suspected infection (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.56 [0.33, 0.95] | 11 studies · 880 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Function Scales: Timed up and go test, Functional stair test and Nottingham health profile · for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 2 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Patient Satisfaction ‐ not measured · for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain ‐ not measured · for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Quadriceps strength · for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 2 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Quadriceps activation · for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 34 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Adverse effects ‐ burns, skin damage, or cardiac arrhythmias ‐ not measured · for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement Surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation for quadriceps strengthening pre and post total knee replacement (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Pain intensity Various validated pain scales · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee Joint lavage for osteoarthritis of the knee (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 567 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pain intensity Various validated pain scales · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee Joint lavage for osteoarthritis of the knee (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 380 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Function Various validated function scales. · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee Joint lavage for osteoarthritis of the knee (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 540 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Function Various validated function scales. · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee Joint lavage for osteoarthritis of the knee (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 381 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Number of patients experiencing adverse events · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee Joint lavage for osteoarthritis of the knee (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Number of patients who withdrew due to adverse event · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee Joint lavage for osteoarthritis of the knee (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 8 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Number of patients experiencing any serious adverse event · Patients with osteoarthritis of the knee Joint lavage for osteoarthritis of the knee (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 98 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs HALOPERIDOL Global outcome: Number of additional injections ‐ 2‐4 injections · patients with psychosis induced aggression or agitation Chlorpromazine for psychosis induced aggression or agitation (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.9 [0.52, 1.55] | 1 study · 30 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs HALOPERIDOL Global outcome: Number of additional injections ‐ 5 or more · patients with psychosis induced aggression or agitation Chlorpromazine for psychosis induced aggression or agitation (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.75 [0.2, 2.79] | 1 study · 30 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs HALOPERIDOL Adverse effects ‐ cardiovascular ‐ hypotension · patients with psychosis induced aggression or agitation Chlorpromazine for psychosis induced aggression or agitation (2010) · Cochrane | RR 5 [0.26, 96.13] | 1 study · 30 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs HALOPERIDOL Adverse effects ‐ movement disorders ‐ extrapyramidal side effects · patients with psychosis induced aggression or agitation Chlorpromazine for psychosis induced aggression or agitation (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 30 participants | Ungraded |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs HALOPERIDOL Adverse effects ‐ seizures · patients with psychosis induced aggression or agitation Chlorpromazine for psychosis induced aggression or agitation (2010) · Cochrane | RR 3 [0.13, 68.26] | 1 study · 30 participants | Very low |
CHLORPROMAZINE vs HALOPERIDOL Leaving the study early · patients with psychosis induced aggression or agitation Chlorpromazine for psychosis induced aggression or agitation (2010) · Cochrane | RR 2 [0.2, 19.78] | 1 study · 30 participants | Very low |
Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine vs placebo Febrile reactions (fever with or without chills, chills with or without rigors) ‐ Intention‐to treat analysis · patients with requirement of prophylaxis to avoid allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.52 [0.21, 1.25] | 1 study · 334 participants | Low |
Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydrammine vs placebo (Unit of randomisation: transfusion) Adverse events · patients with requirement of prophylaxis to avoid allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0 [0, 0] | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Acetaminophen plus Diphenhydramine vs placebo Anaphylatic reactions ‐ not reported · patients with requirement of prophylaxis to avoid allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of allergic and febrile non‐haemolytic transfusion reactions (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0 [0, 0] | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |