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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
75,239 questions in 5,342 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 20.2%Ungraded 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty vs Hemiarthroplasty Pain (Visual Analog Scale) Visual Analog Scale. Scale from: 0 to 100 (Lower is better). · patients with Shoulder osteoarthritis Surgery for shoulder osteoarthritis (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 41 participants | Low |
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty vs Hemiarthroplasty Disability/Function (ASES) American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder Score. Scale from: 0 to 100 (Higher is better). · patients with Shoulder osteoarthritis Surgery for shoulder osteoarthritis (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 88 participants | Moderate |
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty vs Hemiarthroplasty Adverse Events‐Total (Intra‐operative and post‐operative) · patients with Shoulder osteoarthritis Surgery for shoulder osteoarthritis (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.19 [0.37, 3.81] | 1 study · 41 participants | Moderate |
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty vs Hemiarthroplasty Revision Rate · patients with Shoulder osteoarthritis Surgery for shoulder osteoarthritis (2010) · Cochrane | RR 6.18 [0.77, 49.52] | 2 studies · 88 participants | Moderate |
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty vs Hemiarthroplasty Serious Adverse Events4 · patients with Shoulder osteoarthritis Surgery for shoulder osteoarthritis (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 5 participants | Ungraded |
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty vs Hemiarthroplasty Withdrawals due to adverse event · patients with Shoulder osteoarthritis Surgery for shoulder osteoarthritis (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 5 participants | Ungraded |
SULPIRIDE AUGMENTATION OF ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG vs ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG Global state: No clinically important response ‐ short term · patients with schizophrenia Sulpiride augmentation for schizophrenia (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.58 [0.3, 1.09] | 3 studies · 193 participants | Low |
SULPIRIDE AUGMENTATION OF ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG vs ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG Specific adverse effects: 1a. CNS ‐ short term ‐ movement disorder ‐ extrapyramidal effects · patients with schizophrenia Sulpiride augmentation for schizophrenia (2010) · Cochrane | RR 48.24 [3.05, 762.56] | 1 study · 70 participants | Very low |
SULPIRIDE AUGMENTATION OF ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG vs ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG Specific adverse effects: 3a. Endocrine system ‐ short term ‐ weight gain · patients with schizophrenia Sulpiride augmentation for schizophrenia (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.3 [0.09, 0.99] | 1 study · 64 participants | Low |
SULPIRIDE AUGMENTATION OF ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG vs ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG Specific adverse effects: 4. Gastrointestinal system ‐ short term ‐ salavation ‐ too much · patients with schizophrenia Sulpiride augmentation for schizophrenia (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.49 [0.29, 0.83] | 3 studies · 162 participants | Low |
SULPIRIDE AUGMENTATION OF ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG vs ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG Mental state: 1a. General ‐ No clinical important improvement ‐ BPRS ‐ short term · patients with schizophrenia Sulpiride augmentation for schizophrenia (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.55 [0.32, 0.92] | 1 study · 28 participants | Low |
SULPIRIDE AUGMENTATION OF ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG vs ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG Mental state: 2a. Negative symptoms ‐ No clinical important improvement ‐ negative symptoms (SANS) · patients with schizophrenia Sulpiride augmentation for schizophrenia (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.76 [0.56, 1.04] | 1 study · 28 participants | Low |
SULPIRIDE AUGMENTATION OF ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG vs ANY ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG SENSITIVITY ‐ Global/mental state: No clinically important response ‐ short term · patients with schizophrenia Sulpiride augmentation for schizophrenia (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.56 [0.36, 0.88] | 4 studies · 221 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Pain (0‐10 cm visual analog scale)‐ Pain at 6‐12 weeks Visual Analog or Verbal Rating Scale. Scale from: 0 to 10. ( · patients with shoulder pain Botulinum toxin for shoulder pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 76 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Number of Adverse Events (AEs) ( · patients with shoulder pain Botulinum toxin for shoulder pain (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.46 [0.64, 3.36] | 3 studies · 65 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Disability/function ‐ not reported · patients with shoulder pain Botulinum toxin for shoulder pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR WIthdrawals due to Adverse Events ‐ not reported · patients with shoulder pain Botulinum toxin for shoulder pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Intervention NR Serious Adverse Events ‐ not reported · patients with shoulder pain Botulinum toxin for shoulder pain (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Early ART vs standard or deferred ART (CD4 <= 200 or CD4 <= 250 cells/µl) Death · patients with asymptomatic, HIV‐infected, treatment naive adults Optimal time for initiation of antiretroviral therapy in asymptomatic, HIV‐infected, treatment‐naive adults (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.26 [0.11, 0.62] | 2 studies · 1065 participants | Moderate |
Early ART vs standard or deferred ART (CD4 <= 200 or CD4 <= 250 cells/µl) Tuberculosis · patients with asymptomatic, HIV‐infected, treatment naive adults Optimal time for initiation of antiretroviral therapy in asymptomatic, HIV‐infected, treatment‐naive adults (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.54 [0.26, 1.12] | 2 studies · 1065 participants | Moderate |
Early ART vs standard or deferred ART (CD4 <= 200 or CD4 <= 250 cells/µl) Disease progression measured by opportunistic disease Opportunistic disease events · patients with asymptomatic, HIV‐infected, treatment naive adults Optimal time for initiation of antiretroviral therapy in asymptomatic, HIV‐infected, treatment‐naive adults (2010) · Cochrane | OR 0.29 [0.03, 2.87] | 1 study · 249 participants | Low |
Intraperitoneal vs oral calcitriol Abnormal bone histology Bone biopsy · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.06 [0.7, 1.61] | 1 study · 33 participants | Low |
Intermittent oral vs daily oral calcitriol Fall in PTH · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.88 [0.65, 1.19] | 1 study · 59 participants | Moderate |
Intermittent oral vs daily oral calcitriol Kidney function mL/min/1.73 m(2) · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 83 participants | Moderate |
Intermittent oral vs daily oral calcitriol Adverse events ‐ Calcium > 11.5 mg/dL · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 80 participants | Moderate |
Intermittent oral vs daily oral calcitriol Adverse events ‐ Phosphorus level > 7.5 mg/dL · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 59 participants | Low |
Vitamin D preparations vs placebo/no treatment PTH pg/mL · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 12 participants | Low |
Vitamin D preparations vs placebo/no treatment Number without 30% fall in PTH on two occasions · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.6 [0.4, 0.89] | 2 studies · 76 participants | Low |
Vitamin D preparations vs placebo/no treatment Hypercalcaemia · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 103 participants | Low |
Vitamin D preparations vs placebo/no treatment Change in calcium‐phosphorus product mg(2)/dL(2) · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 76 participants | Moderate |
Calcitriol vs ergocalciferol Height velocity equal to or greater than expected · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.22 [0.03, 1.53] | 1 study · 15 participants | Very low |
Calcitriol vs ergocalciferol Improved bone histology · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.53 [0.77, 3.06] | 1 study · 15 participants | Very low |
Intraperitoneal vs oral calcitriol Adynamic bone disease Bone histology · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.49 [0.59, 3.74] | 1 study · 33 participants | Low |
Calcitriol vs ergocalciferol PTH ng/mL · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 13 participants | Very low |
Calcitriol vs ergocalciferol Hypercalcaemia · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | RR 1.75 [0.68, 4.5] | 1 study · 15 participants | Very low |
Calcitriol vs ergocalciferol Calcium mmol/L · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 13 participants | Very low |
Calcitriol vs ergocalciferol Phosphorus mmol/L · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 13 participants | Very low |
Calcitriol vs ergocalciferol ALP U/L · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 13 participants | Very low |
Calcium carbonate vs aluminium hydroxide Height SDS · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 17 participants | Very low |
Calcium carbonate vs aluminium hydroxide Abnormal bone biopsy Bone histology · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.35 [0.13, 0.95] | 1 study · 17 participants | Very low |
Calcium carbonate vs aluminium hydroxide Bone aluminium mg/kg dry weight · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 17 participants | Very low |
Calcium carbonate vs aluminium hydroxide PTH mL‐Eq/L · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 17 participants | Very low |
Calcium carbonate vs aluminium hydroxide ALP U/L · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 17 participants | Very low |
Intraperitoneal vs oral calcitriol Osteitis fibrosa Bone histology · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | RR 0.35 [0.08, 1.51] | 1 study · 33 participants | Low |
Calcium carbonate vs aluminium hydroxide Hypercalcaemia · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 17 participants | Very low |
Sevelamer vs calcium carbonate Bone formation rate um(2)/mm(2)/d · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Very low |
Sevelamer vs calcium carbonate Fall in bone formation rate % · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Very low |
Sevelamer vs calcium carbonate PTH pg/mL · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Very low |
Sevelamer vs calcium carbonate ALP U/L · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Very low |
Sevelamer vs calcium carbonate Calcium‐phosphorous product mg(2)/dL(2) · patients with bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease Interventions for bone disease in children with chronic kidney disease (2010) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 29 participants | Very low |