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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,052 questions · 1,797 findings · 134 reviews

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No studies found 10 · 0.6%GRADE not reported 1,630 · 90.7%Very low 95 · 5.3%Low 23 · 1.3%Moderate 22 · 1.2%High 17 · 0.9%

Community and caregiver oral health education plus media campaign vs Pre-intervention BBTD rate

Baby bottle tooth decay prevalence · Alaska Native and American Indian Head Start children

High-intensity community education was associated with a 33% reduction in BBTD prevalence, without a GRADE rating.

3 findings from 1 review

Community and caregiver oral health education plus media campaign vs Pre-intervention BBTD rate

Baby bottle tooth decay prevalence · Alaska Native Head Start children

The Alaska Native site had a 20% increase in BBTD prevalence, without a GRADE rating.

1 finding from 1 review

Presence of oral Candida albicans vs Absence of oral Candida albicans

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Children aged ≤6 years (early childhood)

RETRACTED. Among studies before 2017, oral C. albicans presence was associated with higher odds of ECC (OR 4.89, 95% CI 2.79-8.58); ungraded subgroup from a retracted review.

16 findings from 1 review
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Er:YAG laser preparation combined with acid-etching vs Acid-etching (phosphoric acid)

Sealant retention rate (completely retained) · Children with permanent molars requiring pit-and-fissure sealants

At 12 months, Er:YAG laser combined with acid-etching significantly improved sealant retention versus acid-etching alone (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.80, favouring laser+acid; ungraded, single study).

4 findings from 1 review
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Er:YAG laser preparation combined with acid-etching vs Acid-etching (phosphoric acid)

Physiological stress indicators (heart rate, oxygen saturation) · Children (ages 6-12) receiving pit-and-fissure sealants

Heart rate and oxygen saturation did not differ significantly between laser-plus-acid and acid-etching (ungraded, single study).

1 finding from 1 review

Er:YAG laser preparation combined with acid-etching vs Acid-etching (phosphoric acid)

Development of >=1 new carious lesion (caries incidence) · Children (high caries risk) with permanent molars requiring pit-and-fissure sealants

Caries incidence was 10% with laser-plus-acid versus 22% with acid-etching at 18 months, a non-significant difference (ungraded, single study).

1 finding from 1 review

Er:YAG laser preparation combined with acid-etching vs Acid-etching (phosphoric acid)

Dental anxiety (subjective and objective scores) · Children (ages 6-12) receiving pit-and-fissure sealants

Er:YAG laser preparation added to acid-etching did not increase children's dental anxiety versus acid-etching alone (P > 0.05; ungraded, single study).

1 finding from 1 review

Mutans streptococci present in oral samples at baseline vs Mutans streptococci absent in oral samples at baseline

Development of any (cavitated or non-cavitated) carious lesion · Children younger than 6 years with caries-free primary dentition (no cavitated or non-cavitated lesions at baseline)

Preschool children with mutans streptococci at baseline probably have about four times higher odds of developing early childhood caries (OR 4.13; moderate certainty).

10 findings from 1 review
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Mutans streptococci present in oral samples at baseline vs Mutans streptococci absent in oral samples at baseline

Future caries experience (dmft/dmfs) · Children younger than 6 years with caries-free primary dentition (no cavitated or non-cavitated lesions at baseline)

Children with mutans streptococci at baseline had a greater future caries experience (SMD 0.85, a large effect; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Simple childhood caries prediction models with at least two predictors vs No competing model

Dental caries discrimination (area under the curve) · Children or adolescents

The Luo (2021) model had an AUC of 0.77 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.77).

6 findings from 1 review
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ART sealant using high-viscosity glass ionomer (press-finger technique) vs Resin-based sealant

Development of carious lesions on sealed occlusal pits and fissures · Children with fully erupted permanent first molar teeth (mean age about 6 to 8 years)

At 48 months, no statistically significant difference was found between HVGIC and resin-based sealants (RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.31 to 1.21); evidence ungraded and at high risk of bias.

4 findings from 1 review
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Simplified caries prediction models (>=2 predictors; microbiome-primary studies excluded), but some pooled models include microbe predictors (Yaxuan 2023: S. mutans; Kim 2018: biofilm acidogenicity/saliva) vs No competing model

Model discrimination (area under the ROC curve, AUC) · Children and adolescents aged 1-18 years

Simplified childhood caries prediction models show moderate pooled discrimination (AUC 0.79, 95% CI 0.73-0.84) but with very high heterogeneity (I2=97.3%) and all models at high risk of bias (PROBAST); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Slum / urban-disadvantaged setting vs Non-slum urban / general-urban / national population

Periodontal disease prevalence · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs

Periodontal disease prevalence is high (23%-99%) across LMIC urban/slum populations; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Slum / urban-disadvantaged setting vs Non-slum urban / general-urban / national population

Dental trauma prevalence · Adult residents of slums and non-slum urban settings of LMICs

Dental trauma appears more common in urban and disadvantaged settings; ungraded, few studies.

1 finding from 1 review