Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

17 questions · 17 findings · 12 reviews · Heart

No studies found 1 · 5.9%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 5 · 29.4%Low 4 · 23.5%Moderate 6 · 35.3%High 1 · 5.9%

Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) vs no RIPC

Composite endpoint (including all‐cause mortality, non‐fatal myocardial infarction and/or any new stroke assessed at 30 days after surgery) · people undergoing CABG (with or without valve surgery)

RIPC showed no clear difference in composite endpoint (including all‐cause mortality, non‐fatal… compared with no RIPC (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Transmyocardial laser revascularization vs medical treatment

Early postoperative mortality Deaths in the 30 days after surgery · patients with refractory angina

Transmyocardial laser revascularization showed no clear difference in early postoperative mortality Deaths in the 30 days after surgery compared with medical treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mortality · patients undergoing cardiac surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

30‐day mortality4 · individuals with atrial fibrillation who are undergoing cardiac surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in 30‐day mortality4 (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

All‐cause mortality · individuals with atrial fibrillation who are undergoing cardiac surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic corticosteroids vs placebo or no corticosteroids

Mortality within the longest · adults diagnosed with coronary artery disease or cardiac valve disease, and candidates for cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass

Prophylactic corticosteroids showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality (during the index hospital admission, or within… compared with placebo or no corticosteroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review