Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

30 questions · 30 findings · 22 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

No studies found 2 · 6.7%GRADE not reported 4 · 13.3%Very low 2 · 6.7%Low 11 · 36.7%Moderate 7 · 23.3%High 4 · 13.3%

Lower genital tract infection screening vs No screening

Preterm low birthweight (below or equal 2500 g) · pregnant women presenting for routine prenatal care

Lower genital tract infection screening probably leads to lower preterm low birthweight (below or equal 2500 g) compared with no screening (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lower genital tract infection screening vs No screening

Preterm very low birthweight (below or equal 1500 g) · pregnant women presenting for routine prenatal care

Lower genital tract infection screening probably leads to lower preterm very low birthweight (below or equal 1500 g) compared with no screening (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Low birthweight · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

Any supplement containing iodine showed no clear difference in low birthweight compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (child… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin B12 supplementation vs no supplementation or placebo

Low birthweight · pregnant women

Summary of findings table ‐ Vitamin B12 supplementation showed no clear difference in low birthweight (< 2500 g) compared with placebo/no vitamin B12 supplementation (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Calcium supplementation/fortification vs placebo or no intervention

Low birthweight · healthy pregnant women receiving calcium supplementation vs placebo or no treatment

Calcium supplementation showed no clear difference in low birthweight (< 2500 g) compared with placebo or no treatment (maternal outcomes) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy vs control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20)

Birthweight < 2500 (g) · Pregnant women who smoke

Outcomes for all interventions for smoking cessation in pregnancy leads to lower low birthweight (under 2500 g) compared with control: subgrouped by main intervention strategy (comparison 20) (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D + calcium + other vitamins and minerals vs calcium + other vitamins and minerals (but no vitamin D)

Low birthweight · pregnant women and their infants..

Vitamin D + calcium + other vitamins and minerals showed no clear difference in low birthweight (less than 2500 g) compared with calcium + other vitamins and minerals (but no vitamin D) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review