Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

73 questions · 73 findings · 34 reviews

No studies found 19 · 26%GRADE not reported 2 · 2.7%Very low 15 · 20.5%Low 15 · 20.5%Moderate 13 · 17.8%High 9 · 12.3%

Vitamin D vs placebo or no intervention

Adverse events ‐ Nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin D3 combined with calcium · healthy participants or recruited among the general population; individuals diagnosed with a specific disease in a stable phase or with…

Vitamin D may leads to higher adverse events: nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin… compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D plus calcium vs vitamin D

Adverse events (number) Asymptomatic hypercalcaemia and hypercalciuria

It is very uncertain whether vitamin D plus calcium changes adverse events (number) Definition: asymptomatic hypercalcaemia and… compared with vitamin D (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin A vs placebo

Adverse events: yellowing of the skin · healthy people and healthy male physicians

Vitamin A leads to higher adverse events: yellowing of the skin compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review