Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

149 questions · 149 findings · 58 reviews

No studies found 31 · 20.8%GRADE not reported 17 · 11.4%Very low 28 · 18.8%Low 41 · 27.5%Moderate 23 · 15.4%High 9 · 6%

Music therapy vs placebo or usual care

Adverse events Any serious or non‐serious adverse event · Individuals with autism spectrum disorder

Music therapy showed no clear difference in adverse events Any serious or non‐serious adverse event compared with placebo therapy or standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Risk of adverse events (until time of hospital discharge) · individuals with infant botulism

The intervention showed no clear difference in risk of adverse events (until time of hospital discharge) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events, any (endpoints fall between 1 6 six months) · Any individual experiencing recurrent aggressive outbursts or episodes
1 finding from 1 review

Long‐term red cell transfusion vs hydroxyurea and phlebotomy

Serious adverse events as a result of sickle cell‐related complications · individuals with sickle cell disease who are at risk of a primary stroke who have had long‐term red cell transfusions to prevent a stroke

It is very uncertain whether long‐term red cell transfusion changes serious adverse events as a result of sickle cell‐related… compared with hydroxyurea and phlebotomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐term red cell transfusion vs hydroxyurea and phlebotomy

Serious adverse events as a result of sickle cell‐related complications · individuals with sickle cell disease who have had a stroke who have had long‐term red cell transfusions to prevent another stroke

It is very uncertain whether long‐term red cell transfusion changes serious adverse events as a result of sickle cell‐related… compared with hydroxyurea and phlebotomy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Long‐term red cell transfusion vs no transfusion

Serious adverse events as a result of sickle cell‐related complications · individuals with sickle cell disease who are at risk of a primary stroke who have not had previous long‐term red cell transfusions

Long‐term red cell transfusion may leads to lower serious adverse events as a result of sickle cell‐related… compared with no transfusion (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings ‐ triple therapy: elexacaftor‐tezacaftor‐ivacaftor vs control (ivacaftor alone or tezacaftor plus ivacaftor)

Adverse events ‐ treatment emergent · adults and children aged 12 years and over with cystic fibrosis and either F508del/gating variant or F508del/residual function genotype

Summary of findings ‐ triple therapy: elexacaftor‐tezacaftor‐ivacaftor showed no clear difference in adverse events: number of participants with treatment‐emergent… compared with control (ivacaftor alone or tezacaftor plus ivacaftor) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids vs no corticosteroid use

Number and nature of adverse events secondary to corticosteroid use (hospital‐acquired infection) · individuals with influenza

It is very uncertain whether corticosteroid therapy changes number and nature of adverse events secondary to corticosteroid use… compared with no corticosteroid therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or no intervention

Adverse events ‐ Nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin D3 combined with calcium · healthy participants or recruited among the general population; individuals diagnosed with a specific disease in a stable phase or with…

Vitamin D may leads to higher adverse events: nephrolithiasis in trials using vitamin… compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperimmune immunoglobulin from human plasma vs saline placebo

Serious adverse events up to day 28 (data available only as a composite of serious adverse events or death up to day 28) · individuals with moderate or severe COVID‐19

Hyperimmune immunoglobulin from human plasma showed no clear difference in serious adverse events up to day 28 (data available only as a… compared with saline placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review