Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,199 questions · 1,226 findings · 451 reviews

No studies found 289 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 121 · 9.9%Very low 350 · 28.5%Low 279 · 22.8%Moderate 139 · 11.3%High 48 · 3.9%

Music therapy plus treatment as usual (TAU) vs TAU

Any adverse events Up to 3 months · patients with depression

Music therapy plus treatment as usual (TAU) showed no clear difference in any adverse events Up to 3 months compared with TAU (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylaxis (teeth cleaning) and CHX or iodine-NaF solution application in the dentition of women (mothers) vs placebo

Adverse events for mother or child · For interventions, pregnant women and mothers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years of age
1 finding from 1 review

Advice about a healthy diet (including breastfeeding promotion and sugar avoidance) and feeding practices (e.g. relating to bottle-feeding and sleep) for infants and young children vs usual care

Adverse events for mother or child · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years…
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Investigator‐defined adverse events · adults without prevalent cardiovascular disease (primary cardiovascular disease prevention)

The intervention showed no clear difference in investigator‐defined adverse events (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combination chemotherapy vs single‐agent chemotherapy

Toxicity ‐ early adverse events G3/4 · people with resectable stage II and III rectal cancer undergoing preoperative chemoradiation followed by surgery

Combination chemotherapy probably leads to higher toxicity ‐ early adverse events G3/4 compared with single‐agent chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Palliative care vs usual care

Adverse effects: at least one serious adverse event · adults with multiple sclerosis Interventions: immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs Comparator: placebo Outcome: withdrawals due to…

Palliative care showed no clear difference in serious adverse events Assessed by: number of participants… compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Thyroxine vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse events including maternal pregnancy complications, foetal complications and adverse effects of thyroxine · subfertile women with euthyroid autoimmune thyroid disease or subclinical hypothyroidism

Thyroxine led to lower adverse events including maternal pregnancy complications, foetal… compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events ‐ Ectopic pregnancy Melatonin lower dose versus melatonin higher dose№ of participants: 120(1 RCT) · women with subfertility
1 finding from 1 review

Kesho Bora: AZT/3TC/LPV‐r vs Short‐Course AZT (intrapartum AZT/3TC/sd‐NVP)

Infant Grade 3/4 Severe Adverse Events · HIV‐infected Pregnant Women With CD4 Counts 200‐500 Cells/mm3

Kesho Bora: AZT/3TC/LPV‐r showed no clear difference in infant Grade 3/4 Severe Adverse Events compared with short‐Course AZT (intrapartum AZT/3TC/sd‐NVP) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Heparin plus aspirin vs aspirin

Adverse events in the mother ‐ Bleeding · women with persistent antiphospholipid antibodies and recurrent pregnancy loss

Heparin plus aspirin showed no clear difference in adverse events in the mother ‐ Bleeding compared with aspirin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review