Catheter‐related blood stream infection · patients with CVCs
Chlorhexidine gluconate‐impregnated (CGI) dressing showed no clear difference in catheter‐related blood stream infection compared with SPU dressings (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Catheter tip colonisation · patients with CVCs
Chlorhexidine gluconate‐impregnated (CGI) dressing probably leads to lower catheter tip colonisation: compared with SPU dressings (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Supragingival calculus formation (various calculus indices) · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…
Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in… showed no clear difference in supragingival calculus formation (various calculus indices) compared with placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral…; GRADE not reported.
3 findings from 1 review
SMD 0.02 [-0.09, 0.14]
2 studies · 102 participants
GRADE not reported
SMD 0.32 [-0.04, 0.69]
6 studies · 425 participants
GRADE not reported
SMD 0.80 [0.33, 1.26]
4 studies · 323 participants
GRADE not reported
Gingivitis · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…
Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in… leads to lower gingivitis (gingival inflammation) measured by Gingival Index of Loe… compared with placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral… (high certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Gingival bleeding (various bleeding indices) · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…
Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in… led to lower gingival bleeding (various bleeding indices) compared with placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral…; GRADE not reported.
2 findings from 1 review
Plaque · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…
Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in… leads to lower dental plaque (various plaque indices) compared with placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral… (high certainty).
2 findings from 1 review
Other adverse effects (taste disturbance, oral mucosal effects, burning sensation) · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…
1 finding from 1 review
Extrinsic tooth staining (various staining indices) · Children or adults with gingivitis or periodontitis capable of performing normal mechanical oral hygiene procedures (some with medical…
Chlorhexidine mouthrinse (any concentration; 0.05% to 0.2%) used in… led to higher extrinsic tooth staining (various staining indices) compared with placebo/control mouthrinse, or no mouthrinse (mechanical oral…; GRADE not reported.
2 findings from 1 review
Adverse events requiring hospitalisation (SAE) · Neonates and caregivers
It is very uncertain whether four per cent chlorhexidine + hand hygiene promotion changes adverse events requiring hospitalisation (SAE) compared with usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Authors reported adverse outcomes (events without hospitalisation) · Neonates and caregivers
It is very uncertain whether four per cent chlorhexidine + hand hygiene promotion changes authors reported adverse outcomes (events without hospitalisation) compared with usual care (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Plaque · Adults with dental implants and healthy peri-implant soft tissues at baseline
Chlorhexidine solution enclosed in implant inner part showed no clear difference in plaque compared with physiologic (saline) solution; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of participants with new or worsening signs/symptoms of inflammation requiring a revisit, up to 14 days after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Change in periapical radiolucency (radiography or CBCT), up to 1 year after treatment · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Adverse effects · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain 72 hours to 14 days after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Proportion of participants with moderate to severe pain up to 6 hours after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Proportion of participants or samples with positive bacterial growth culture, up to 72 hours after the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
Sodium hypochlorite 1% with chlorhexidine 2% final rinse led to lower proportion of participants or samples with positive bacterial growth… compared with sodium hypochlorite 1% with normal saline final rinse; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Mean change in health-related quality of life or participant-expressed satisfaction with the procedure · Patients aged 14 to 78 years with mature permanent teeth (fully formed roots), single or multi-rooted, with pulpal or periapical…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found
Probing pocket depth (PPD/PD) · Orthodontic patients (any age) undergoing orthodontic treatment (mostly fixed appliances)
Chlorhexidine mouthwash may reduce pocket probing depth versus placebo in the short term (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Plaque · Orthodontic patients (any age) undergoing orthodontic treatment (mostly fixed appliances)
Chlorhexidine mouthwash may reduce the Plaque Index versus blank control in the short term (WMD -0.70, 95% CI -1.12 to -0.27), but the evidence is very uncertain (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review