Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

292 questions · 331 findings · 39 reviews

No studies found 48 · 14.5%GRADE not reported 150 · 45.3%Very low 81 · 24.5%Low 24 · 7.3%Moderate 19 · 5.7%High 9 · 2.7%

Chlorhexidine vs non‐antibacterial

Time to complete healing · people with burns

Chlorhexidine showed no clear difference in wound healing: time to complete healing (time‐to‐event data):… compared with non‐antibacterial (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Antiseptics for burns 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    HR 0.71 [0.39, 1.29]
    1 study · 51 participants
    Low

Chlorhexidine vs non‐antibacterial

Wound healing · people with burns

Chlorhexidine may leads to higher wound healing (mean time to healing): chlorhexidine versus… compared with non‐antibacterial (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Antiseptics for burns 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    MD 4.08 [0.73, 7.43]
    1 study · 51 participants
    Low

Chlorhexidine vs non‐antibacterial

Infection: chlorhexidine versus no antimicrobial/no additional antimicrobial · people with burns

It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine changes infection: chlorhexidine versus no antimicrobial/no additional… compared with non‐antibacterial (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Antiseptics for burns 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    RR 1.11 [0.54, 2.27]
    2 studies · 172 participants
    Very low

Chlorhexidine vs non‐antibacterial

Adverse events: chlorhexidine versus hydrocolloid · people with burns

It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine changes adverse events: chlorhexidine versus hydrocolloid compared with non‐antibacterial (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Antiseptics for burns 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    RR 0.2 [0.02, 1.65]
    1 study · 98 participants
    Very low

Chlorhexidine vs povidone‐iodine

Catheter‐related BSI ‐ overall comparison between chlorhexidine and povidone‐iodine (during in‐patient stay) · patients with a central venous catheter

It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine changes catheter‐related BSI ‐ overall comparison between chlorhexidine and… compared with povidone‐iodine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine vs povidone‐iodine

Catheter‐related BSI ‐ subgroup: chlorhexidine in aqueous solution versus povidone‐iodine in aqueous solution · patients with a central venous catheter

It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine changes catheter‐related BSI ‐ subgroup: chlorhexidine in aqueous solution… compared with povidone‐iodine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine vs povidone‐iodine

Catheter‐related BSI ‐ subgroup: chlorhexidine in alcohol versus povidone‐iodine in aqueous solution · patients with a central venous catheter

It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine changes catheter‐related BSI ‐ subgroup: chlorhexidine in alcohol versus… compared with povidone‐iodine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine vs povidone‐iodine

Catheter‐related BSI ‐ subgroup: chlorhexidine in alcohol versus povidone‐iodine in alcohol · patients with a central venous catheter

Chlorhexidine showed no clear difference in catheter‐related BSI ‐ subgroup: chlorhexidine in alcohol versus… compared with povidone‐iodine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine vs povidone‐iodine

All‐cause mortality ‐ Chlorhexidine in aqueous solution versus povidone‐iodine in aqueous solution Clinical assessment · patients with a central venous catheter

Chlorhexidine showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality ‐ Chlorhexidine in aqueous solution versus… compared with povidone‐iodine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine vs povidone‐iodine

All‐cause mortality ‐ Chlorhexidine in alcohol versus povidone‐iodine in aqueous solution Clinical assessment · patients with a central venous catheter

Chlorhexidine showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality ‐ Chlorhexidine in alcohol versus… compared with povidone‐iodine (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antimicrobial coolant A (chlorhexidine) vs Distilled water coolant

Reduction in level of contamination in aerosols (CFU): chlorhexidine coolant vs distilled water during ultrasonic scaling · People undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) in a dental setting

It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine coolant changes reduction in level of contamination in aerosols (CFU): chlorhexidine… compared with distilled water coolant (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine vaginal wash vs placebo

Chorioamnionitis Clinical findings · Pregnant women with a gestational age greater than 28 weeks, considered to be in labour receiving chlorhexidine vaginal douching during…

Chlorhexidine vaginal wash showed no clear difference in chorioamnionitis Clinical findings compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine vaginal wash vs placebo

Postpartum endometritis Clinical findings · Pregnant women with a gestational age greater than 28 weeks, considered to be in labour receiving chlorhexidine vaginal douching during…

Chlorhexidine vaginal wash showed no clear difference in postpartum endometritis Clinical findings compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine vaginal wash vs placebo

Neonatal sepsis · Pregnant women with a gestational age greater than 28 weeks, considered to be in labour receiving chlorhexidine vaginal douching during…

Chlorhexidine vaginal wash showed no clear difference in neonatal sepsis Clinical findings compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine vaginal wash vs placebo

Blood culture confirming neonatal sepsis Clinical findings and confirmation by laboratory · Pregnant women with a gestational age greater than 28 weeks, considered to be in labour receiving chlorhexidine vaginal douching during…

Chlorhexidine vaginal wash showed no clear difference in blood culture confirming neonatal sepsis Clinical findings and… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antimicrobial coolant A (chlorhexidine) vs povidone‐iodine

Reduction in level of contamination in aerosols (CFU): chlorhexidine vs povidone iodine coolant during ultrasonic scaling · People undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) in a dental setting

It is very uncertain whether antimicrobial coolant A (chlorhexidine) changes reduction in level of contamination in aerosols (CFU): chlorhexidine… compared with antimicrobial coolant B (povidone iodine) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antimicrobial coolant A (chlorhexidine) vs Antimicrobial coolant B (cinnamon extract)

Reduction in level of contamination in aerosols (CFU): chlorhexidine vs cinnamon extract coolant during ultrasonic scaling · People undergoing aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) in a dental setting

It is very uncertain whether antimicrobial coolant A (chlorhexidine) changes reduction in level of contamination in aerosols (CFU): chlorhexidine… compared with antimicrobial coolant B (cinnamon extract) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chlorhexidine gel vs Chlorhexidine, 0.2% to 2% (solution or gel)

Presence of dry socket · Adults (>18 years) having permanent tooth extraction (predominantly mandibular third molars)

Chlorhexidine gel 1% showed no clear difference in presence of dry socket compared with chlorhexidine gel 0.2%; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review