Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

4,918 questions · 5,537 findings · 1,803 reviews

No studies found 1,309 · 23.6%GRADE not reported 440 · 7.9%Very low 1,560 · 28.2%Low 1,292 · 23.3%Moderate 751 · 13.6%High 185 · 3.3%

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Methotrexate vs placebo

SAEs · psoriatic arthritis

Methotrexate showed no clear difference in serious adverse events (SAEs) assessed by number of events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Combinations of antipsychotic drugs vs single antipsychotic drugs

Adverse events: Serious event or requiring discontinuation · schizophrenia or related disorders

It is very uncertain whether combinations of antipsychotic drugs changes adverse events: Serious event or requiring discontinuation compared with single antipsychotic drugs (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events ‐ total of adverse events (Skin irritation) · patients with fractures of the middle third of the clavicle

The intervention showed no clear difference in adverse events ‐ total of adverse events (Skin irritation) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse events: Acupuncture versus sham or placebo control · women with primary dysmenorrhoea

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) vs short‐course radiotherapy (16 Gy

Adverse events Grade 3 oesophagitis, diarrhoea and nausea · adults with metastatic extradural spinal cord compression (poor prognosis, no spinal instability or bony impingement of cord)

Split‐course radiotherapy (8 fractions, 30 Gy) showed no clear difference in adverse events Grade 3 oesophagitis, diarrhoea, and nausea compared with short‐course radiotherapy (2 fractions, 16 Gy) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs propafenone

Adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): heart failure · patients with myocardial infarction

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine changes adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): heart failure compared with propafenone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laparoscopic myomectomy vs open myomectomy (all types)

Perioperative in‐hospital adverse events; laparoconversion · women with uterine fibroids

Laparoscopic myomectomy showed no clear difference in perioperative in‐hospital adverse events; laparoconversion compared with open myomectomy (all types) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Band ligation vs no intervention or a sham procedure

Serious adverse events Idiopathic thrombocytopaenic purpura · children with portal hypertension and large oesophageal varices, without previous gastrointestinal bleeding or beta‐blocker treatment

It is very uncertain whether band ligation changes serious adverse events Idiopathic thrombocytopaenic purpura compared with sham or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) vs usual care

Adverse events: number of people with 1 or more (all‐cause) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether multi‐component interventions (with telehealth as a component of care) changes adverse events: number of people with 1 or more (all‐cause) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapy vs usual care or attention control

Adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 1.14) · people with stroke

It is very uncertain whether psychological therapy changes adverse events: death ‐ at end of treatment (Analysis 2.16) compared with usual care and/or attention control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review