Non-Cochrane · intervention · PM42420964
Patient-specific guides and osteosynthesis versus CAD/CAM occlusal splints in orthognathic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of accuracy, operative time, and complications.
Guo Xiaoshuang, Gong Hao, Zhao Fangning, et al. · BMC oral health · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.1186/s12903-026-09056-1
Findings
Population Patients undergoing orthognathic surgery for dentofacial deformities
37 findings
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Jaw segment: Mandible | MD -0.50 [-1.77, 0.78] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall | MD -0.52 [-0.77, -0.28] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency 15 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Sensitivity: Cohort studies only | MD -0.41 [-0.69, -0.13] GRADE not reported 7 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Angular deviation, pitch (degrees) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall | MD -0.50 [-1.32, 0.31] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Diagnosis: Class III malocclusion | MD -0.54 [-1.10, 0.01] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Superoinferior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Sensitivity: RCTs only | MD -0.35 [-0.93, 0.24] GRADE not reported 8 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Overall postoperative complications Postoperative (follow-up varied) · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall | RR 1.01 [0.64, 1.60] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision 9 studies · 538 participants |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Sensitivity: Cohort studies only | MD -0.46 [-0.66, -0.25] GRADE not reported 9 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Superoinferior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Diagnosis: Class III malocclusion | MD -0.19 [-0.40, 0.02] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Diagnosis: Facial asymmetry | MD -0.91 [-1.39, -0.42] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Sensitivity: Cohort studies only | MD -0.54 [-0.89, -0.18] GRADE not reported 7 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall pooled effect in subgroup analysis dataset (Figs. 8 and 9) | MD -0.34 [-0.55, -0.12] GRADE not reported 13 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Jaw segment: Maxilla | MD -0.33 [-0.56, -0.10] GRADE not reported 10 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Sensitivity: RCTs only | MD -0.41 [-0.74, -0.07] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall | MD -0.40 [-0.60, -0.20] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency 13 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Combined three-dimensional angular deviation (degrees) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall | MD -0.54 [-1.07, -0.01] Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness 6 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Angular deviation, yaw (degrees) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall | MD -0.63 [-1.11, -0.15] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall pooled effect in subgroup analysis dataset (Figs. 8 and 9) | MD -0.40 [-0.69, -0.11] GRADE not reported 15 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall | MD -0.51 [-0.70, -0.33] GRADE not reported 14 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Superoinferior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Diagnosis: Facial asymmetry | MD -0.27 [-1.66, 1.13] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Superoinferior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Sensitivity: Cohort studies only | MD -0.54 [-0.86, -0.22] GRADE not reported 7 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Superoinferior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall | MD -0.48 [-0.78, -0.17] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency 15 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Sensitivity: RCTs only | MD -0.54 [-0.96, -0.13] GRADE not reported 8 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Diagnosis: Facial asymmetry | MD -0.64 [-1.06, -0.22] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Angular deviation, roll (degrees) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall | MD -0.72 [-1.15, -0.29] GRADE not reported 6 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Superoinferior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Jaw segment: Mandible | MD -0.36 [-2.03, 1.31] GRADE not reported 4 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Operative time (minutes), total bimaxillary operation time Intraoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Total bimaxillary operation time | MD -10.77 [-47.99, 26.44] Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency 4 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Sensitivity: RCTs only | MD -0.56 [-0.92, -0.19] GRADE not reported 9 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Diagnosis: Mixed deformities | MD -0.36 [-0.61, -0.10] GRADE not reported 7 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Superoinferior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Diagnosis: Mixed deformities | MD -0.34 [-0.89, 0.22] GRADE not reported 7 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Jaw segment: Mandible | MD -0.47 [-1.31, 0.37] GRADE not reported 3 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Diagnosis: Class III malocclusion | MD -0.13 [-0.62, 0.37] GRADE not reported 2 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Superoinferior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Jaw segment: Maxilla | MD -0.33 [-0.67, 0.02] GRADE not reported 11 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Operative time (minutes), maxillary surgery time only Intraoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Maxillary surgery time only | MD -22.61 [-64.23, 19.02] Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency 3 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Superoinferior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Overall pooled effect in subgroup analysis dataset (Figs. 8 and 9) | MD -0.28 [-0.62, 0.06] GRADE not reported 15 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Jaw segment: Maxilla | MD -0.39 [-0.70, -0.08] GRADE not reported 11 studies |
| Patient-specific implant (PSI) workflows (cutting/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates) | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer workflows | Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm) Within 3 days to 1 month postoperative · Orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I, BSSO, bimaxillary) · Diagnosis: Mixed deformities | MD -0.19 [-0.64, 0.25] GRADE not reported 7 studies |
Included primary studies 56
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kim SH 2023 Effectiveness of individualized 3D titanium-printed Orthognathic osteotomy guides and custom plates DOI:10.1186/s12903-023-03000-3 | 2023 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kim SH 2023 Effectiveness of individualized 3D titanium-printed Orthognathic osteotomy guides and custom plates. PMID:37138237 | 2023 | 1 other review | Operative time (minutes), total bimaxillary operation time; Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary; Overall postoperative complications | not extracted yet |
| Kotaniemi 2019 Comparison of postoperative skeletal stability of maxillary segments after Le Fort I osteotomy, using patient-specific implant versus… DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2019.04.003 | 2019 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kotaniemi 2019 Comparison of postoperative skeletal stability of maxillary segments after Le Fort I osteotomy, using patient-specific implant versus… PMID:31085061 | 2019 | 1 other review | Overall postoperative complications | not extracted yet |
| Merta 2024 Skeletal stability after mandible bilateral sagittal split osteotomy – comparison of patient-specific implant and mini-plate fixation: A… DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2023.11.010 | 2024 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Merta 2024 Skeletal stability after mandible bilateral sagittal split osteotomy - comparison of patient-specific implant and mini-plate fixation: A… PMID:38129183 | 2024 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| van der Wel 2023 Postoperative skeletal stability at the one-year follow-up after splintless Le Fort I osteotomy using patient-specific osteosynthesis… DOI:10.1016/j.ijom.2022.09.005 | 2023 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| van der Wel 2023 Postoperative skeletal stability at the one-year follow-up after splintless Le Fort I osteotomy using patient-specific osteosynthesis… PMID:36202719 | 2023 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Abdelhamid 2025 Accuracy Assessment of Customized Titanium Plates Compared to 3D-Printed Splints in Le Fort I Osteotomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial… PMID:40519468 | 2025 | this review only | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm); Operative time (minutes), maxillary surgery time only; Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm); Superoinferior translational deviation (mm); Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary | not extracted yet |
| Cassoni 2022 Three-Dimensional Comparison of the Maxillary Surfaces through ICP-Type Algorithm: Accuracy Evaluation of CAD/CAM Technologies in… PMID:36142107 | 2022 | this review only | Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary | not extracted yet |
| Chen 2021 Comparison of three different types of splints and templates for maxilla repositioning in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: a randomized… DOI:10.1016/j.ijom.2020.09.023 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chen 2021 Comparison of three different types of splints and templates for maxilla repositioning in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: a randomized… PMID:33131986 | 2021 | this review only | Operative time (minutes), maxillary surgery time only; Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary | not extracted yet |
| Chen 2022 Comparison of the Accuracy of Maxillary Repositioning Between Using Splints and Templates in 2-Jaw Orthognathic Surgery DOI:10.1016/j.joms.2022.04.016 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Chen 2022 Comparison of the Accuracy of Maxillary Repositioning Between Using Splints and Templates in 2-Jaw Orthognathic Surgery. PMID:35636471 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Fleury 2022 Custom Plates in Orthognathic Surgery: A Single Surgeon’s Experience and Learning Curve DOI:10.1097/scs.0000000000008574 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Fleury 2022 Custom Plates in Orthognathic Surgery: A Single Surgeon's Experience and Learning Curve. PMID:35184108 | 2022 | this review only | Overall postoperative complications | not extracted yet |
| Hanafy 2020 Precision of orthognathic digital plan transfer using patient-specific cutting guides and osteosynthesis versus mixed analogue–digitally… DOI:10.1016/j.ijom.2019.06.023 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Hanafy 2020 Precision of orthognathic digital plan transfer using patient-specific cutting guides and osteosynthesis versus mixed analogue-digitally… PMID:31262680 | 2020 | this review only | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm); Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm); Superoinferior translational deviation (mm); Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary | not extracted yet |
| Harding 2022 Accuracy of mandibular proximal segment position using virtual surgical planning and custom osteosynthesis plates DOI:10.1016/j.ijom.2021.04.002 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Harding 2022 Accuracy of mandibular proximal segment position using virtual surgical planning and custom osteosynthesis plates. PMID:33941394 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Hu 2019 The Drilling Guiding Templates and Pre-Bent Titanium Plates Improves the Operation Accuracy of Orthognathic Surgery With Computer-Aided… DOI:10.1097/scs.0000000000005656 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Hu 2019 The Drilling Guiding Templates and Pre-Bent Titanium Plates Improves the Operation Accuracy of Orthognathic Surgery With Computer-Aided… PMID:31232991 | 2019 | this review only | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm); Operative time (minutes), total bimaxillary operation time; Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm); Superoinferior translational deviation (mm); Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary | not extracted yet |
| Jones 2022 Comparison of the Accuracy of Maxillary Positioning With Interim Splints Versus Patient-Specific Guides and Plates in Executing a Virtual… DOI:10.1016/j.joms.2022.01.006 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Jones 2022 Comparison of the Accuracy of Maxillary Positioning With Interim Splints Versus Patient-Specific Guides and Plates in Executing a Virtual… PMID:35151639 | 2022 | this review only | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm); Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm); Superoinferior translational deviation (mm); Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary | not extracted yet |
| Karanxha 2021 Accuracy of splint vs splintless technique for virtually planned orthognathic surgery: A voxel-based three-dimensional analysis DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2020.11.008 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Karanxha 2021 Accuracy of splint vs splintless technique for virtually planned orthognathic surgery: A voxel-based three-dimensional analysis. PMID:33277160 | 2021 | this review only | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm); Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm); Superoinferior translational deviation (mm); Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary; Combined three-dimensional angular deviation (degrees); Angular deviation, pitch (degrees); Angular deviation, roll (degrees); Angular deviation, yaw (degrees) | not extracted yet |
| Kraeima 2020 Splintless surgery using patient-specific osteosynthesis in Le Fort I osteotomies: a randomized controlled multi-centre trial DOI:10.1016/j.ijom.2019.08.005 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kraeima 2020 Splintless surgery using patient-specific osteosynthesis in Le Fort I osteotomies: a randomized controlled multi-centre trial. PMID:31506186 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kuehle 2023 Accuracy of Patient-Specific Implants in Virtually Planned Segmental Le Fort I Osteotomies. PMID:37762977 | 2023 | this review only | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm); Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm); Superoinferior translational deviation (mm); Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary; Combined three-dimensional angular deviation (degrees); Angular deviation, pitch (degrees); Angular deviation, roll (degrees); Angular deviation, yaw (degrees); Overall postoperative complications | not extracted yet |
| Li 2020 Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Cutting and Drilling Guides with Prebent Titanium Plates Improve Surgical Accuracy of Skeletal… DOI:10.1097/prs.0000000000006794 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Li 2020 Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Cutting and Drilling Guides with Prebent Titanium Plates Improve Surgical Accuracy of Skeletal… PMID:32332545 | 2020 | this review only | Operative time (minutes), total bimaxillary operation time; Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm); Superoinferior translational deviation (mm); Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary; Overall postoperative complications | not extracted yet |
| Li 2021 Randomized Clinical Trial of the Accuracy of Patient-Specific Implants versus CAD/CAM Splints in Orthognathic Surgery DOI:10.1097/prs.0000000000008427 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Li 2021 Randomized Clinical Trial of the Accuracy of Patient-Specific Implants versus CAD/CAM Splints in Orthognathic Surgery. PMID:34705785 | 2021 | this review only | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm); Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm); Superoinferior translational deviation (mm); Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary; Combined three-dimensional angular deviation (degrees); Angular deviation, pitch (degrees); Angular deviation, roll (degrees); Angular deviation, yaw (degrees); Overall postoperative complications | not extracted yet |
| Liu 2020 Do patient-specific cutting guides and plates improve the accuracy of maxillary repositioning in hemifacial microsomia? DOI:10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.02.021 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Liu 2020 Do patient-specific cutting guides and plates improve the accuracy of maxillary repositioning in hemifacial microsomia? PMID:32156446 | 2020 | this review only | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm); Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm); Superoinferior translational deviation (mm); Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary; Combined three-dimensional angular deviation (degrees); Angular deviation, pitch (degrees); Angular deviation, roll (degrees); Angular deviation, yaw (degrees) | not extracted yet |
| Liu 2021 Effect of computer-assisted design and manufacturing cutting and drilling guides accompanied with pre-bent titanium plates on the… DOI:10.1016/j.ijom.2021.01.023 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Liu 2021 Effect of computer-assisted design and manufacturing cutting and drilling guides accompanied with pre-bent titanium plates on the… PMID:33685740 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Malenova 2023 Accuracy of maxillary positioning using computer-designed and manufactured occlusal splints or patient-specific implants in orthognathic… DOI:10.1007/s00784-023-05125-9 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Malenova 2023 Accuracy of maxillary positioning using computer-designed and manufactured occlusal splints or patient-specific implants in orthognathic… PMID:37382718 | 2023 | this review only | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm); Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm); Superoinferior translational deviation (mm); Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary; Combined three-dimensional angular deviation (degrees); Angular deviation, pitch (degrees); Angular deviation, roll (degrees); Angular deviation, yaw (degrees) | not extracted yet |
| Morsi 2025 Digitally Fabricated Interocclusal Wafer Versus Wafer-Less Distal Segment Repositioning for Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy (BSSO) in… DOI:10.1097/scs.0000000000011772 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Morsi 2025 Digitally Fabricated Interocclusal Wafer Versus Wafer-Less Distal Segment Repositioning for Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy (BSSO) in… PMID:40769133 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Pietzka 2023 Dental Root Injuries Caused by Osteosynthesis Screws in Orthognathic Surgery-Comparison of Conventional Osteosynthesis and Osteosynthesis… PMID:37240877 | 2023 | this review only | Overall postoperative complications | not extracted yet |
| Ruckschloss 2019 Accuracy of patient-specific implants and additive-manufactured surgical splints in orthognathic surgery — A three-dimensional… DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2019.02.011 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ruckschloss 2019 Accuracy of patient-specific implants and additive-manufactured surgical splints in orthognathic surgery - A three-dimensional… PMID:30894302 | 2019 | this review only | Mediolateral translational deviation (mm); Anteroposterior translational deviation (mm); Superoinferior translational deviation (mm); Combined three-dimensional linear deviation (mm), supportive summary; Combined three-dimensional angular deviation (degrees); Angular deviation, pitch (degrees); Angular deviation, roll (degrees); Angular deviation, yaw (degrees) | not extracted yet |
| Sanchez-Jauregui 2022 Custom made cutting guides and osteosynthesis plates versus CAD/CAM occlusal splints in positioning and fixation of the maxilla in… DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2022.05.010 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sanchez-Jauregui 2022 Custom made cutting guides and osteosynthesis plates versus CAD/CAM occlusal splints in positioning and fixation of the maxilla in… PMID:35760659 | 2022 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Schneider 2019 Customized virtual surgical planning in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: a prospective randomized trial DOI:10.1007/s00784-018-2732-3 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Schneider 2019 Customized virtual surgical planning in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: a prospective randomized trial. PMID:30443778 | 2019 | this review only | Operative time (minutes), total bimaxillary operation time | not extracted yet |
| Suojanen 2018 Comparison between patient specific implants and conventional mini-plates in Le Fort I osteotomy with regard to infections: No differences… DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2018.07.011 | 2018 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Suojanen 2018 Comparison between patient specific implants and conventional mini-plates in Le Fort I osteotomy with regard to infections: No differences… PMID:30097411 | 2018 | this review only | Overall postoperative complications | not extracted yet |
| Suojanen 2019 No differences in infections between patient-specific implants and conventional mini-plates in mandibular bilateral sagittal split… DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2018.10.009 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Suojanen 2019 No differences in infections between patient-specific implants and conventional mini-plates in mandibular bilateral sagittal split… PMID:31178267 | 2019 | this review only | Overall postoperative complications | not extracted yet |
| Yamashita 2023 A Novel Orthognathic Surgery With a Half-Millimeter Accuracy for the Maxillary Positioning Using Prebent Plates and Computer-Aided Design… DOI:10.1097/scs.0000000000009409 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Yamashita 2023 A Novel Orthognathic Surgery With a Half-Millimeter Accuracy for the Maxillary Positioning Using Prebent Plates and Computer-Aided Design… PMID:37253149 | 2023 | this review only | Operative time (minutes), maxillary surgery time only | not extracted yet |
| Yan 2025 Accuracy of patient-specific implants versus CAD/CAM splints with the mandible-first approach in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery for… DOI:10.1016/j.ijom.2024.05.005 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Yan 2025 Accuracy of patient-specific implants versus CAD/CAM splints with the mandible-first approach in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery for… PMID:38834408 | 2025 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match). Only the non-Cochrane dental reviews have study lists, so overlap with Cochrane reviews is not counted yet.
| Review | Shared studies | Jaccard |
|---|---|---|
| Long-Term Stability of the Use of Patient Specific Implants in Orthognathic Surgery: A Systematic Review. (2026) | 8 | 0.13 |
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Patients undergoing orthognathic surgery for dentofacial deformities | 1317 patients (PSI 665; splints 652) in 30 studies (n=30); bimaxillary (n=19), mandible only (n=4) |
| Intervention | PSI workflows: patient-specific cutting/repositioning/drilling guides and/or customized osteosynthesis plates | PSI workflows (n=30) |
| Comparison | CAD/CAM occlusal splint or wafer-based workflows | CAD/CAM splints (n=30) |
| Outcomes | Axis-specific translational and rotational accuracy (primary); operative time and postoperative complications (secondary); long-term stability not pooled | Linear accuracy (axes n=13-15 comparisons; combined n=14 studies), angular accuracy (n=6), complications (n=9), operative time (n=7) |
| Study designs | Comparative clinical studies (RCTs and observational comparative studies, at least 5 patients per arm) | 12 RCTs and 18 cohort studies (16 retrospective, 2 prospective); 21 pooled, 9 narrative |
| Timing | Not specified | Postoperative imaging from 3 days to 1 month |