Non-Cochrane · intervention · PM41861577
Long-Term Stability of the Use of Patient Specific Implants in Orthognathic Surgery: A Systematic Review.
Wu Aaron, Tay Hui Wen, Leung Yiu Yan · International dental journal · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.1016/j.identj.2026.109503
Findings
Population Patients undergoing maxillary orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I) with patient-specific implant fixation
3 findings
| Patient-specific implants (PSI) for jaw fixation | None (PSI arms pooled; no comparator in the pooled estimate) | Maxillary direct linear distance (U1 reference point) 6 months to 1 year postoperative vs 3 days to 2 weeks postoperative | Pooled weighted mean (absolute difference) 0.59 GRADE not reported 3 studies · 53 participants |
| Patient-specific implants (PSI) for jaw fixation | None (PSI arms pooled; no comparator in the pooled estimate) | Maxillary linear translation, x-axis (antero-posterior) 1 year postoperative vs 1 day or 2 weeks postoperative | Pooled weighted mean (absolute difference) 0.38 GRADE not reported 2 studies · 65 participants |
| Patient-specific implants (PSI) for jaw fixation | None (PSI arms pooled; no comparator in the pooled estimate) | Maxillary linear translation, y-axis (cranial-caudal) 1 year postoperative vs 1 day or 2 weeks postoperative | Pooled weighted mean (absolute difference) 0.69 GRADE not reported 2 studies · 65 participants |
Included primary studies 12
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kim 2023 Effectiveness of individualized 3D titanium-printed Orthognathic osteotomy guides and custom plates DOI:10.1186/s12903-023-03000-3 | 2023 | 1 other review | Maxillary direct linear distance (U1 reference point) | not extracted yet |
| Kim 2023 Effectiveness of individualized 3D titanium-printed Orthognathic osteotomy guides and custom plates. PMID:37138237 | 2023 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kotaniemi 2019 Comparison of postoperative skeletal stability of maxillary segments after Le Fort I osteotomy, using patient-specific implant versus… DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2019.04.003 | 2019 | 1 other review | Maxillary linear translation, x-axis (antero-posterior); Maxillary linear translation, y-axis (cranial-caudal) | not extracted yet |
| Kotaniemi 2019 Comparison of postoperative skeletal stability of maxillary segments after Le Fort I osteotomy, using patient-specific implant versus… PMID:31085061 | 2019 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Merta 2024 Skeletal stability after mandible bilateral sagittal split osteotomy – comparison of patient-specific implant and mini-plate fixation: A… DOI:10.1016/j.jcms.2023.11.010 | 2024 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Merta 2024 Skeletal stability after mandible bilateral sagittal split osteotomy - comparison of patient-specific implant and mini-plate fixation: A… PMID:38129183 | 2024 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| van der Wel 2023 Postoperative skeletal stability at the one-year follow-up after splintless Le Fort I osteotomy using patient-specific osteosynthesis… DOI:10.1016/j.ijom.2022.09.005 | 2023 | 1 other review | Maxillary linear translation, x-axis (antero-posterior); Maxillary linear translation, y-axis (cranial-caudal) | not extracted yet |
| van der Wel 2023 Postoperative skeletal stability at the one-year follow-up after splintless Le Fort I osteotomy using patient-specific osteosynthesis… PMID:36202719 | 2023 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Galli 2023 Stability of maxillary expansion osteotomy using patient-specific fixation implants without necessitating removable appliances: a… DOI:10.1007/s00784-023-05082-3 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Galli 2023 Stability of maxillary expansion osteotomy using patient-specific fixation implants without necessitating removable appliances: a… PMID:37256431 | 2023 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Kim 2019 The accuracy and stability of the maxillary position after orthognathic surgery using a novel computer-aided surgical simulation system DOI:10.1186/s12903-019-0711-y | 2019 | this review only | Maxillary direct linear distance (U1 reference point) | not extracted yet |
| Kim 2019 The accuracy and stability of the maxillary position after orthognathic surgery using a novel computer-aided surgical simulation system. PMID:30646896 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match). Only the non-Cochrane dental reviews have study lists, so overlap with Cochrane reviews is not counted yet.
| Review | Shared studies | Jaccard |
|---|---|---|
| Patient-specific guides and osteosynthesis versus CAD/CAM occlusal splints in orthognathic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis… (2026) | 8 | 0.13 |
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Patients who underwent orthognathic surgery, aged 14 to 70, no congenital craniofacial anomalies | Orthognathic surgery patients (n=171) |
| Intervention | Patient-specific implants for jaw fixation | PSIs in maxilla and/or mandible (6 studies) |
| Comparison | Conventional fixation with standard plates; single-arm studies also considered for qualitative synthesis | Conventional miniplates or titanium plates (4 studies); single-arm (2 studies) |
| Outcomes | Primary: long-term skeletal stability. Secondary: operative time, complications, reoperations | Linear, transverse, angular and rotational stability; operation time; complications; reoperations |
| Study designs | Clinical human studies with at least 10 patients | 4 retrospective cohorts, 1 prospective clinical study, 1 RCT |
| Timing | Minimum 6 months follow-up with radiographic data | 6 to 14.5 months radiographic follow-up |
AMSTAR 2 items
Two independent extractors rated each item. Their ratings are shown side by side because they have not been reconciled yet. The overall rating follows Shea et al. 2017: one critical flaw gives Low, more than one gives Critically Low.
| Item | Extractor A | Extractor B | Agree |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Research question includes PICO components | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 2Protocol established before the reviewcritical | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 3Choice of study designs explained | No | No | yes |
| 4Comprehensive literature searchcritical | Partial Yes | No | no |
| 5Study selection in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 6Data extraction in duplicate | No | No | yes |
| 7List of excluded studies with reasonscritical | No | No | yes |
| 8Included studies described in detail | Yes | Partial Yes | no |
| 9Risk of bias assessed satisfactorilycritical | RCT: Yes · NRSI: Yes | NRSI: Yes · RCT: Yes | no |
| 10Funding of included studies reported | No | No | yes |
| 11Appropriate meta-analysis methodscritical | RCT: No · NRSI: No | NRSI: No · RCT: No | no |
| 12Impact of risk of bias on the pooled results | No | No | yes |
| 13Risk of bias accounted for in interpretationcritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 14Heterogeneity explained | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 15Publication bias investigatedcritical | No | No | yes |
| 16Conflicts of interest reported | Yes | Yes | yes |
| Overall | Critically Low | Critically Low | yes |