Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

19 questions · 21 findings · 10 reviews · Drugs and Alcohol

No studies found 2 · 9.5%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 5 · 23.8%Low 9 · 42.9%Moderate 5 · 23.8%High 0 · 0%

Summary of findings table – disulfiram vs placebo or no pharmacological treatment

Continuous abstinence from cocaine (number of participants who had achieved and maintained abstinence for at least three weeks at the end of treatment) · patients with the treatment of cocaine dependence

Summary of findings table – disulfiram showed no clear difference in continuous abstinence from cocaine (number of participants who had… compared with placebo or no pharmacological treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychosocial interventions vs treatment

Number of continuously abstinent women ‐ total · stopping or reducing alcohol consumption during pregnancy

Summary of findings table ‐ Any psychosocial intervention may leads to higher number of continuously abstinent women ‐ total compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antipsychotics vs placebo

Continuous abstinence (number of participants who maintained negative drug screens for 2 ‐ 3 weeks) Number of participants that maintained negative cocaine screens for at least 2 ‐ 3 weeks · patients with the treatment of cocaine dependence

Any antipsychotic showed no clear difference in continuous abstinence (number of participants who maintained… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Anticonvulsant vs placebo

Continuous abstinence rate at · patients with alcohol dependence

Anticonvulsants showed no clear difference in continuous abstinence compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review