Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,745 questions · 4,389 findings · 203 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 39 · 0.9%GRADE not reported 3,844 · 87.6%Very low 198 · 4.5%Low 137 · 3.1%Moderate 134 · 3.1%High 37 · 0.8%

Genetically predicted gene expression (TWAS; S-PrediXcan with GTEx v8 cis-eQTL across 49 tissues; cross-tissue S-MultiXcan) vs ECC-unaffected children (association of genetically predicted expression)

Early childhood caries (ECC) - association with genetically predicted expression of IGSF5 (chr21q22.2) · Children up to age 5-6 years (European / European non-Hispanic ancestry); 843 ECC-affected vs 2124 unaffected across 5 cohorts (N=2974)

Genetically predicted IGSF5 expression reached the TWAS threshold for ECC (p = 7.22e-5) but was flagged as a possible false positive (LD misspecification) and not further considered; ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Caries in upper primary incisors vs Reference (other primary tooth locations / caries-free)

Caries development in permanent teeth · School children and adolescents (6-18 years) followed from primary dentition (baseline examination before 72 months of age)

Caries in upper primary incisors has the lowest tooth-specific predictive value for permanent-teeth caries (RR 1.6; single study; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Pulpotomy with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) vs Pulpotomy with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Human permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis due to carious pulp exposure

MTA had a significantly higher pulpotomy success rate than calcium hydroxide (indirect comparison; numeric estimate not available); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Food and nonalcoholic beverage marketing (exposure) vs No, less, or less powerful food marketing

Diet-related noncommunicable diseases · Children and adolescents (general population, aged under 20 years)

No eligible studies were found.

1 finding from 1 review

Fluoride-containing dental care products (mainly fluoride toothpaste; one study also included fluoride varnish) vs Dietary fluoride sources (drinking water, beverages, food)

Contribution of dental care products to total daily fluoride intake (TDFI) · Humans using fluoride-containing dental care products; 28 included studies, mostly young children, only two studies in adults (aged…

Fluoride-containing dental care products (mainly toothpaste) contributed on average 38% (SD 27%) of total daily fluoride intake, regardless of tap-water fluoride level or age (ungraded; descriptive synthesis, no meta-analysis).

1 finding from 1 review

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) vs Monotherapy or dual antiretroviral therapy

Gingivitis · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

No significant difference in gingivitis between ART regimens (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Composite resin vs High-viscosity GIC and bulk-fill composite resins

Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth

No comparative effect estimate was reported; tabulated failure rates ranged from 0% to 2.9%.

1 finding from 1 review

Prior SDF application with a rinsing step vs No prior SDF application (untreated dentin control)

Immediate bond strength (MPa) · Dental adhesives bonded to caries-affected dentin (in vitro)

Prior SDF followed by a rinsing step significantly increases adhesive bond strength to caries-affected dentin (MD -4.79 MPa favoring SDF, 95% CI -9.19 to -0.40; ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Low parental socioeconomic status (SES) vs High parental socioeconomic status (SES)

Early childhood caries (ECC) · Healthy children under 6 years in South Africa

No significant difference in caries odds was found between children of low- versus high-SES parents (meta-analysis reported no difference; pooled estimate in an unavailable supplementary figure; not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Early childhood caries (ECC) vs Caries-free primary dentition

Caries development in permanent teeth · School children and adolescents (6-18 years) followed from primary dentition (baseline examination before 72 months of age)

Early childhood caries increases the likelihood of caries in permanent teeth roughly three-fold, but the certainty of evidence is very low (OR 3.22, 95% CI 2.80 to 3.71).

1 finding from 1 review

Baby-Led Introduction to SolidS (BLISS) vs Other models of complementary feeding

Overweight/obesity risk · Healthy children aged 6–24 months in Western industrialized countries

BLISS did not show a statistically significant reduction in overweight/obesity risk at 24 months (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Glass carbomer vs Resin-modified glass-ionomer cement + composite resin (modified open-sandwich restoration)

Restoration failure · Children with carious primary teeth

No comparative effect estimate was reported; glass carbomer had the highest tabulated failure range.

1 finding from 1 review