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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Every word you type has to appear somewhere in the question, and the closest matches are ranked first.
75,239 questions in 5,342 reviews
current versionsNo studies 15,213 · 20.2%Ungraded 10,323 · 13.7%Very low 17,528 · 23.3%Low 17,951 · 23.9%Moderate 11,190 · 14.9%High 3,034 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs no specific treatment Functioning ‐ mean endpoint PSP (high = good) ‐ < 12 months · schizophrenia Cognitive behavioural therapy without medication for schizophrenia (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs no specific treatment Adverse events ‐ Participants with at least one AE ‐ > 1 year · schizophrenia Cognitive behavioural therapy without medication for schizophrenia (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs antipsychotics Mental state ‐ general: mean endpoint PANSS total (high = poor) ‐ < 12 months · schizophrenia Cognitive behavioural therapy without medication for schizophrenia (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 63 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs antipsychotics Global state ‐ number of participants with relapse/exacerbations of psychosis (separated time points) ‐ < 12 months · schizophrenia Cognitive behavioural therapy without medication for schizophrenia (2024) · Cochrane | RR 2.78 [0.12, 65.08] | 1 study · 90 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs antipsychotics Leaving the study early ‐ for any reason ‐ overall acceptability (separated time points) ‐ < 12 months · schizophrenia Cognitive behavioural therapy without medication for schizophrenia (2024) · Cochrane | RR 1.66 [0.21, 12.94] | 2 studies · 90 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs antipsychotics Functioning ‐ mean endpoint functioning scales (high = good) ‐ < 12 months · schizophrenia Cognitive behavioural therapy without medication for schizophrenia (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 46 participants | Very low |
Ibuprofen vs placebo Pain relief ‐ as reported by the child ‐ defined as proportion of participants with ≥ 50% postoperative pain relief in each treatment arm, less than 2 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs paracetamol Pain intensity – as reported by the child, 2 hours to less than 24 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 422 participants | Moderate |
Ibuprofen vs paracetamol Adverse events (reported in the first 7 days after the procedure) · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 44 participants | Low |
Ibuprofen vs paracetamol Serious adverse events, defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016) · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs morphine Pain relief ‐ as reported by the child ‐ defined as proportion of participants with ≥ 50% postoperative pain relief in each treatment arm, less than 2 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs morphine Pain relief ‐ as reported by the child ‐ defined as proportion of participants with ≥ 50% postoperative pain relief in each treatment arm, 2 hours to less than 24 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs morphine Pain intensity – as reported by the child, less than 2 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs morphine Pain intensity – as reported by the child, 2 hours to less than 24 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs morphine Adverse events (reported in the first 7 days after the procedure) · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.58 [0.4, 0.83] | 1 study · 154 participants | Moderate |
Ibuprofen vs morphine Serious adverse events, defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016) · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs ketorolac Pain relief ‐ as reported by the child ‐ defined as proportion of participants with ≥ 50% postoperative pain relief in each treatment arm, less than 2 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs placebo Pain relief ‐ as reported by the child ‐ defined as proportion of participants with ≥ 50% postoperative pain relief in each treatment arm, 2 hours to less than 24 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs ketorolac Pain relief ‐ as reported by the child ‐ defined as proportion of participants with ≥ 50% postoperative pain relief in each treatment arm, 2 hours to less than 24 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs ketorolac Pain intensity – as reported by the child, less than 2 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs ketorolac Pain intensity – as reported by the child, 2 hours to less than 24 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs ketorolac Adverse events (reported in the first 7 days after the procedure) · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 59 participants | Low |
Ibuprofen vs ketorolac Serious adverse events, defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016) · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs placebo Pain intensity – as reported by the child, less than 2 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 259 participants | Moderate |
Ibuprofen vs placebo Pain intensity – as reported by the child, 2 hours to less than 24 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 345 participants | Low |
Ibuprofen vs placebo Adverse events (reported in the first 7 days after the procedure) · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.79 [0.51, 1.23] | 5 studies · 384 participants | Low |
Ibuprofen vs placebo Serious adverse events (defined as any medical event at any dose that results in death, is life‐threatening, requires hospitalisation (or prolongation of existing hospitalisation) or results in permanent damage or disability (FDA 2016)) · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs paracetamol Pain relief ‐ as reported by the child ‐ defined as proportion of participants with ≥ 50% postoperative pain relief in each treatment arm, less than 2 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs paracetamol Pain relief ‐ as reported by the child ‐ defined as proportion of participants with ≥ 50% postoperative pain relief in each treatment arm, 2 hours to less than 24 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Ibuprofen vs paracetamol Pain intensity – as reported by the child, less than 2 hours postintervention · children aged 17 years or younger treated for acute postoperative or postprocedural pain Ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in children (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 100 participants | Moderate |
LipiFlow vs basic warm compresses Mean change from baseline in symptom scores at 1 to 4 weeks (lower is favored) · people with dry eye LipiFlow for the treatment of dry eye disease (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
LipiFlow vs thermostatic devices Proportion of participants with intervention‐related, vision‐threatening adverse events at 1 to 4 weeks · people with dry eye LipiFlow for the treatment of dry eye disease (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 445 participants | Very low |
LipiFlow vs basic warm compresses Mean change from baseline in meibomian gland expression scores at 1 to 4 weeks (higher is favored) · people with dry eye LipiFlow for the treatment of dry eye disease (2024) · Cochrane | SMD 1.31 | 2 studies · 76 participants | Very low |
LipiFlow vs basic warm compresses Mean change from baseline in meibum quality scores at 1 to 4 weeks (higher is favored) · people with dry eye LipiFlow for the treatment of dry eye disease (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 46 participants | Very low |
LipiFlow vs basic warm compresses Mean change from baseline in meibomian gland atrophy scores at 1 to 4 weeks (lower is favored) · people with dry eye LipiFlow for the treatment of dry eye disease (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
LipiFlow vs basic warm compresses Proportion of participants with intervention‐related, vision‐threatening adverse events at 1 to 4 weeks · people with dry eye LipiFlow for the treatment of dry eye disease (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 197 participants | Low |
LipiFlow vs thermostatic devices Mean change from baseline in symptom scores at 1 to 4 weeks (lower is favored) · people with dry eye LipiFlow for the treatment of dry eye disease (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Very low |
LipiFlow vs thermostatic devices Mean change from baseline in meibomian gland expression scores at 1 to 4 weeks (higher is favored) · people with dry eye LipiFlow for the treatment of dry eye disease (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 820 participants | Low |
LipiFlow vs thermostatic devices Mean change from baseline in meibum quality scores at 1 to 4 weeks (higher is favored) · people with dry eye LipiFlow for the treatment of dry eye disease (2024) · Cochrane | SMD 0.11 | 2 studies · 354 participants | Low |
LipiFlow vs thermostatic devices Mean change from baseline in meibomian gland atrophy scores at 1 to 4 weeks (lower is favored) · people with dry eye LipiFlow for the treatment of dry eye disease (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | Low |
Face‐down positioning vs other positioning Proportion of eyes with retinal displacement at 6 months or later (RR < 1 favored) · people with primary macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachments Face‐down positioning or posturing after pars plana vitrectomy for macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal… (2024) · Cochrane | RR 0.73 [0.54, 0.99] | 1 study · 239 participants | Very low |
Face‐down positioning vs other positioning Mean change in logMAR or Snellen visual acuity from baseline to 3 months or later (lower is favored) · people with primary macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachments Face‐down positioning or posturing after pars plana vitrectomy for macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal… (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 56 participants | Very low |
Face‐down positioning vs other positioning Mean objective distortion score at 3 months or later (lower is favored) · people with primary macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachments Face‐down positioning or posturing after pars plana vitrectomy for macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal… (2024) · Cochrane | MD 1.8 | 1 study · 219 participants | Very low |
Face‐down positioning vs other positioning Quality of life assessments at 3 months or later (higher is favored) · people with primary macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachments Face‐down positioning or posturing after pars plana vitrectomy for macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal… (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 217 participants | Very low |
Face‐down positioning vs other positioning Frequency of intervention‐related ocular adverse events ( · people with primary macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachments Face‐down positioning or posturing after pars plana vitrectomy for macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal… (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 262 participants | Very low |
Face‐down positioning vs other positioning Frequency of intervention‐related non‐ocular adverse events ( · people with primary macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal detachments Face‐down positioning or posturing after pars plana vitrectomy for macula‐involving rhegmatogenous retinal… (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Sodium modelling vs slow dialysis Dialysis dysequilibrium syndrome · haemodialysis patients Interventions for preventing haemodialysis dysequilibrium syndrome (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 15 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ High sodium dialysate vs standard sodium dialysate Duration of hospital stay ‐ not reported · haemodialysis patients Interventions for preventing haemodialysis dysequilibrium syndrome (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Summary of findings table ‐ Sodium modelling vs slow dialysis Severe dialysis dysequilibrium syndrome · haemodialysis patients Interventions for preventing haemodialysis dysequilibrium syndrome (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 15 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Sodium modelling vs slow dialysis Death · haemodialysis patients Interventions for preventing haemodialysis dysequilibrium syndrome (2024) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 15 participants | Low |