Cochrane · systematic review · CD015332
Cognitive behavioural therapy without medication for schizophrenia
Bighelli, I, Çıray, O, Salahuddin, NH, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2024 · Cochrane Library
SchizophreniaAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
15
current version
GRADE rated
14
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 1 · 6.7%Very low 9 · 60%Low 5 · 33.3%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics compared to no specific treatment for schizophrenia
Population: schizophrenia
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Mental state ‐ general: mean endpoint PANSS total (high = poor) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs no specific treatment | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 39 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Global state ‐ number of participants with relapse/exacerbations of psychosis (separated time points) ‐ > 1 year Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs no specific treatment | RR 0.5 [0.05, 5.28] | 1 study · 74 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Leaving the study early ‐ for any reason ‐ overall acceptability (separated time points) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs no specific treatment | RR 0.8 [0.23, 2.75] | 1 study · 74 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Functioning ‐ mean endpoint PSP (high = good) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs no specific treatment | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 40 participants | Low Downgraded: imprecision |
Adverse events ‐ Participants with at least one AE ‐ > 1 year Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs no specific treatment | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics compared to antipsychotics for schizophrenia
Population: schizophrenia
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Mental state ‐ general: mean endpoint PANSS total (high = poor) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs antipsychotics | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 63 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Global state ‐ number of participants with relapse/exacerbations of psychosis (separated time points) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs antipsychotics | RR 2.78 [0.12, 65.08] | 1 study · 90 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Leaving the study early ‐ for any reason ‐ overall acceptability (separated time points) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs antipsychotics | RR 1.66 [0.21, 12.94] | 2 studies · 90 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Functioning ‐ mean endpoint functioning scales (high = good) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs antipsychotics | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 46 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events ‐ Participants with at least one AE (separated time points) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs antipsychotics | RR 0.47 [0.21, 1.07] | 1 study · 40 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics compared to CBT plus antipsychotics for schizophrenia
Population: schizophrenia
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Mental state ‐ general: mean endpoint overall symptoms scales (PANSS/BPRS) (high = poor) (separated time points) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs CBT plus antipsychotics | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 125 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Global state ‐ number of participants with relapse/exacerbations of psychosis (separated time points) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs CBT plus antipsychotics | RR 2.89 [0.12, 67.75] | 1 study · 90 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Leaving the study early ‐ for any reason ‐ overall acceptability (separated time points) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs CBT plus antipsychotics | RR 0.7 [0.12, 4.11] | 2 studies · 90 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Functioning ‐ mean endpoint functioning scales (high = good) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs CBT plus antipsychotics | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 110 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Adverse events ‐ Participants with at least one AE (separated time points) ‐ < 12 months Summary of findings table ‐ CBT without antipsychotics vs CBT plus antipsychotics | RR 0.36 [0.17, 0.8] | 1 study · 39 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |