Severe (defined as stage 3 or greater) retinopathy of prematurity ‐ not reported · Parenterally fed preterm infants
MOFS‐LE showed no clear difference in retinopathy of prematurity (≥ stage 3) compared with S‐LE (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Retinopathy of prematurity · preterm or low birth weight infants
The intervention showed no clear difference in retinopathy of prematurity (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
PIPP‐R scores during heel lancing (preterm infants)Scale from: 0 to 21a,b · neonates
1 finding from 1 review
PIPP‐R scores at 30 seconds after heel lancing (preterm infants)Scale from: 0 to 21 · neonates
1 finding from 1 review
PIPP‐R scores at 60 seconds after heel lancing (preterm infants)Scale from: 0 to 21 · neonates
1 finding from 1 review
Severe (defined as stage 3 or greater) retinopathy of prematurity ‐ not reported · postoperative pain in preterm and term infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Severe (defined as stage 3 or greater) retinopathy of prematurity ‐ not reported · postoperative pain in preterm and term infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Severe (defined as stage 3 or greater) retinopathy of prematurity ‐ not reported · postoperative pain in preterm and term infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Severe (defined as stage 3 or greater) retinopathy of prematurity ‐ not reported · postoperative pain in neonates
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Duration of continuous positive airway pressure therapy (hours or days) · preterm infants less than 30 weeks' gestational age requiring conventional mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Retinopathy of prematurity · preterm infants
It is very uncertain whether higher changes retinopathy of prematurity compared with lower amino acid intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Infection of CSF presurgery · preterm infants less than three months of age with either: a) IVH demonstrated by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan; or b)…
Repeated lumbar or ventricular punctures showed no clear difference in infection of CSF presurgery compared with conservative treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Death (before hospital discharge) or BPD (supplemental oxygen/respiratory support at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age if born < 32 weeks' gestation, or 28 days if born ≥ 32 weeks' gestation) · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support
Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in death (before hospital discharge) or BPD(supplemental… compared with continuous positive airway pressure (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
BPD (supplemental oxygen/respiratory support at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age if born < 32 weeks' gestation, or 28 days if born ≥ 32 weeks' gestation) · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support
Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in BPD (supplemental oxygen/respiratory support at 36 weeks'… compared with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Treatment failure within 72 hours of trial entry · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support
Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in treatment failure within 72 hours of trial entry compared with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mechanical ventilation within 72 hours of trial entry · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support
Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in mechanical ventilation within 72 hours of trial entry compared with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Pneumothorax · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support
Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in pneumothorax (during assigned treatment) compared with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Nasal trauma (during assigned treatment) · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support
Nasal high flow probably leads to lower nasal trauma (during assigned treatment) compared with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support
Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in death (before hospital discharge) compared with continuous positive airway pressure (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
BPD (supplemental oxygen/respiratory support at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age if born < 32 weeks' gestation, or 28 days if born ≥ 32 weeks' gestation) · preterm infants requiring primary respiratory support
Nasal high flow showed no clear difference in BPD (supplemental oxygen/respiratory support at 36 weeks'… compared with continuous positive airway pressure (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review