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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,745 questions · 4,389 findings · 203 reviews · Oral Health

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No studies found 39 · 0.9%GRADE not reported 3,844 · 87.6%Very low 198 · 4.5%Low 137 · 3.1%Moderate 134 · 3.1%High 37 · 0.8%

Caries assessment at dentine threshold (cavitation into dentine) vs None (descriptive prevalence review; subgroup analyses by urban/rural status, country and year)

Dental caries prevalence · European adolescents aged 12–19 years

Caries prevalence at the dentine threshold was about 56% (pooled 0.56, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.68; 15 studies; not GRADE-rated).

7 findings from 1 review
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Pulpotomy (full or partial) vs None (single-arm pooled success proportion)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Human permanent teeth with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis due to carious pulp exposure

In asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis, pooled pulpotomy success was 91.3% (95% CI 80-96.5%); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Caries assessment at enamel threshold vs None (descriptive prevalence review; subgroup analyses by urban/rural status, country and year)

Dental caries prevalence · European adolescents aged 12–19 years

Enamel-threshold caries prevalence in subgroup 'Region: non-Scandinavian' was 0.74 (95% CI 0.53 to 0.96; 11 studies).

11 findings from 1 review
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Pulpotomy with Biodentine vs Pulpotomy with Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Human permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis due to carious pulp exposure

Biodentine had a significantly higher pulpotomy success rate than CEM (indirect comparison; numeric estimate not available); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Pulpotomy with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) vs Pulpotomy with Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM)

Overall success (composite of clinical and radiographic success) · Human permanent teeth with irreversible pulpitis due to carious pulp exposure

MTA and CEM did not differ significantly in pulpotomy success (indirect comparison); ungraded.

1 finding from 1 review

Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) vs No cleft lip and/or palate (non-CL/P)

Early childhood caries experience (mean dmft) · Children in the primary dentition with non-syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and comparable children without CL/P

In the combined primary and mixed dentition, there was no evidence of a difference in caries experience between children with and without CL/P (SMD 0.09, 95% CI -0.59-0.76; 5 studies; ungraded).

4 findings from 1 review
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Transillumination and OCT vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, or enhanced visual examination)

Specificity for detection of enamel caries · Asymptomatic children or adults suspected of enamel caries (clinical studies); extracted teeth (in vitro studies)

Transillumination and OCT had a summary specificity of 0.82 (95% CrI 0.68, 0.91) for detecting enamel caries; low certainty.

1 finding from 1 review

CD4+ T-cell count below 250 cells/mm3

HIV-related oral lesions · Children living with HIV receiving ART

One reported study did not show a clear difference in HIV-related oral lesions for children with CD4+ T-cell counts below 250 cells/mm3.

2 findings from 1 review

Prior application of silver diamine fluoride (SDF), with or without a rinsing step vs No prior SDF application (untreated dentin control)

Immediate bond strength (MPa) · Dental adhesives/resin composite bonded to dentin (in vitro), sound or caries-affected

Prior SDF application significantly reduces the immediate bond strength of adhesives to dentin overall (MD 7.12 MPa favoring untreated dentin, 95% CI 1.38 to 12.85; ungraded), with very high heterogeneity (I2=98%).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school-based interventions (one or more of: school health policy, oral health education, healthy school environment, access to oral health services, community involvement) vs usual practice

Oral hygiene measured by mean gingival scores · Primary school children (aged 3-16 years) attending primary school in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)

The effect of school-based interventions on gingival scores is uncertain and not statistically significant (SMD 0.12; very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school-based interventions (one or more of: school health policy, oral health education, healthy school environment, access to oral health services, community involvement) vs usual practice

Dental caries · Primary school children (aged 3-16 years) attending primary school in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)

Among children aged 6-8 years, DMFT scores were significantly reduced (SMD -0.11); subgroup not separately GRADE-rated.

8 findings from 1 review
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Fluorescence-based devices vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, or enhanced visual examination)

Specificity for detection of enamel caries · Asymptomatic children or adults suspected of enamel caries (clinical studies); extracted teeth (in vitro studies)

In the fully within-person analysis, fluorescence had a summary specificity of 0.88 (95% CrI 0.78, 0.94); ungraded.

2 findings from 1 review

Machine-learning algorithms for dental caries detection vs Different machine-learning algorithms for caries prediction

Caries detection accuracy in unrestored molars and premolars · Dental images of human beings

The review reported 92.37% accuracy for automated caries detection in Duong et al. (Ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Prefabricated zirconia crowns (e.g., NuSmile, Zirkiz, Kinder Krown) vs Other crowns/restorations (stainless steel crowns, pre-veneered SSC, resin composite strip crowns, glass-fiber composite crowns)

Recurrent caries (crowns free of recurrent caries) · Children with primary (deciduous) teeth requiring full-coverage crown restoration

Recurrent caries did not differ between zirconia crowns and other restorations at 6 months (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.03; 2 studies; not GRADE-rated).

2 findings from 1 review

Fluoride-containing dental care products (mainly fluoride toothpaste) vs Dietary fluoride sources (drinking water, beverages, food)

Contribution of dental care products to total daily fluoride intake (TDFI), by tap-water fluoride level · Adults using fluoride-containing dental care products (two included studies [28,47]; aged 20-35)

In adults in poor-fluoridated tap water areas, dental care products contributed on average 12% of total fluoride exposure (ungraded; 1-2 studies).

3 findings from 1 review

Antiretroviral therapy (any, including cART) vs No antiretroviral medication (treatment-naive)

Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis prevalence · Children and adolescents (<18 years) living with HIV (CLWH)

Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis was significantly more prevalent in treatment-naive CLWH than in those on ART (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Visual caries detection (ICDAS visual/visual-tactile inspection) vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, or enhanced visual examination)

Specificity for detection of enamel caries · Asymptomatic children or adults suspected of enamel caries (clinical studies); extracted teeth (in vitro studies)

Visual or visual-tactile classification had a summary specificity of 0.81 (95% CrI 0.73, 0.87) for detecting enamel caries; low certainty.

2 findings from 1 review